Daya daga cikin sanannun da ake girma da girma shine tsire-tsire tumatir. Wannan ƙwayar ma ana kiransa seedling, Arzhanets, kwamin kwari, ko cinquels.
A cikin wannan labarin za mu tattauna abin da kuma inda tumatir ciyawa ke tsiro. Kuma kuma magana game da girma wannan shuka.
Bayanan Botanical
Taswirar Timothawus, wanda aka kwatanta shi ga mutane da yawa, yana da iyalin Cereal. Ana iya samuwa a Turai da Asiya Ƙananan, da Afrika da Australia.
A cikin CIS, ana samun wannan shuka. Timothawus ya girma a kowane wuri sai dai arctic da hamada. Sakamakon wannan ganye zai iya girma daga 25 cm zuwa 1.5 m.
Iyalan hatsi sun haɗa da: hatsin rai, sorghum, sha'ir, gero, alkama.
Yana da cylindrical, tsaye kuma m. Ganye suna elongated, m, sun nuna iyakar, na iya zama kore ko launin toka-kore. Kullun tushen tsarin yana da gajeren rhizomes. 
Ana fure furanni a cikin inflorescences, wanda ke wakiltar siffar ƙuƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta. Mutane suna kiran "Sarkin Musulmi", yana da tsawon kimanin 10 cm. Kwangiji suna haɗuwa tare da maɓalli na ainihi, saboda haka suna da wuya.
Ganye na fara farawa a farkon lokacin rani, da farko da aka tumɓuke furanni a cikin ɓangaren ƙananan inflorescence. Kowace tsummoki mai tsumburai daga 4 zuwa 7 days.
A tushe na harbe akwai bulge wanda yayi kama da albasa. Rashin rauni a Timothawus ta iska.
Shin kuna sani? 'Ya'yan Timoti' ya'yan itatuwa ne ƙananan - dubu tsaba nauyin ba fiye da 1 g ba.'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun tashi bayan watanni uku bayan tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin bazara. Bayan karshen kakar girma, harbe ya mutu.
Wannan gonar noma yana da matsanancin sanyi da sanyi. Amma shafewar ruwa da kuma mummunan fari yana nuna rashin talauci. 
Timothawus ƙari
Ana amfani da sandar a wurare guda biyu:
- a matsayin kayan ado da lawn;
- a matsayin al'adun abinci.
An yi amfani da ciyawa da tumatir Timoti don lawns na gari, saboda ba ya jure wa gashin kansa. An yi amfani dashi a matsayin wani nau'i na cakuda lawn don yin ado da wuraren shakatawa da kuma sake farfado da hanyoyi.
Don lawns na duniya, wanda aka shirya don amfani akai-akai kuma sau da yawa, gaurayawan da suka danganci ganyayyaki masu zuwa sun tabbatar da kansu: makiyaya makiyaya, makiyaya bluegrass, daban-daban na fescue.
Babban manufar ciyawa shine fodder. An yi amfani da Timothawus a matsayin tsantsa, kuma an girbe shi don hay da silage. Ya ƙunshi kusan kashi 14% na gina jiki.
Za a iya girbi ƙwayar ciyawa har zuwa 200 kg / ha. Dry hay yana daga 20 zuwa 120 kg / ha. Idan ka shuka tsirrai da tumatir tare da clover ja, to, ingancin abincin mai shuka zai kara. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Ciki al'adu don abinci a cikin sauraron kunne, da kuma hatsi kawai bayan cikakken maturation.Mafi kyau iri iri iri ne: Mayskaya 1, Pskovskaya, Vita 1, Lupinetsky 1, Marusinskaya 297.
Fasali na namo da kuma nau'in shuka
Timothawus shine tsire-tsire wadda ba ta da wuya a ƙasa, amma yashi da masarar ƙasa don namo ba zai yi aiki ba. Wannan al'ada ya fi son yankuna masu tsaka-tsaki da kuma alkaline. Ƙasa kasa ta takin dafa kafin dasa shuki (30 ton a kowace 1 ha). Ana iya amfani da takin mai magani na Nitrogen.
Lokacin da dasa shuki tsire-tsire a cikin bazara, daga kaka ya zama dole don harkar ƙasa zuwa zurfin 25 cm. Tsaba germinate cikin mako guda.
Tsayar da Timothawus a cikin fall ya fi tasiri, musamman ma idan aka haɗa shi da wasu al'adu, irin su clover ko alfalfa. A cikin tsabta, nauyin shuka shine kilogiram 11 na 1 ha na yankin, kuma a cikin nau'i na ciyawa - 6 kg ta 1 ha. 
Ƙananan raguna suna sanya a kan shafin da aka shirya, kimanin 2 cm zurfi, kuma ana shuka tsaba. A yanayin yanayi na aikin noma, an dasa shuki a ci gaba mai kyau bisa ga tsarin ƙwayar hatsi. Don samun tsaba, zai fi dacewa don amfani da dasa tare da wani lokaci tsakanin akalla 0.5 m tsakanin layuka.
Yana da muhimmanci! A cikin al'adun ƙasa na acidic ba zai yi girma ba. Kafin dasa shuki shafin dole ne zama lemun tsami, kamar alli.Tsaya ƙwayar cuta yana cigaba da shi a zafin jiki na + 5 ° C. Amma don ci gaba da kyau na ɓangaren vegetative, zafin jiki a lokacin rana ya zama akalla + 18 ° C.
Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani da al'ada
Amfanin al'adu sun hada da:
- high winter hardiness;
- damar yin girma a ƙasashen matalauta;
- high yawan amfanin ƙasa;
- kyakkyawan abinci mai kyau;
- tsawon rai.
Abubuwa masu ban sha'awa na shuka:- tsawon kakar girma;
- ba shi da matukar damuwa ga kiwo, yawan amfanin ƙasa ya rage sauri tare da amfani da makiyaya fiye da hay.
- rashin fari na fari;
- ba dace da samar da lawn tare da ciyawa ba, saboda ba ya jure wa gashin kansa.
Shin kuna sani? An yi amfani da Timothaus a matsayin tsire-tsire a ƙarshen karshen shekara ta XVII - farkon karni na XVIII. An bayyana wannan a cikin takardun lardin Vologda.Wannan al'ada ba ma burge ne ba, zai iya zama ba kawai a matsayin kayan ado na shafin ba da al'adun abinci, amma har ma a matsayin mai kyau na fari ga hatsi da sauransu.
