Camellia - kulawa ta gida, hoto

Kasarmu ta Camellia (Kamara) Filipinas, girma a cikin tsibiran Asiya da subtropics, kamar bishiyar kogi mara nauyi ko ƙaramin itace. A cikin wuraren da aka rufe da wuraren zama, ofisoshi da kuma babban dakunan taruwa, an girma kamar ganye na ado, tsiron furanni masu kyan gani. Tsawon daji zai iya bambanta daga 50 cm da sama, ko itace - daga 1 zuwa 3 m.

Ladaƙƙarfan ganye na Camellia masu launin fata ne, mai yawa, mai walƙiya, mai sheki, duhu mai duhu, an haɗa shi zuwa gajerun petioles, ɗaya ko biyu zuwa ɗaya. Ba za a iya barin su ba, elliptical a sifa, babba, nuna ko zagaye. Tsarin ganye daga 6 zuwa 8 cm. Abubuwan furanni na camellia masu ban sha'awa tare da stamens da yawa ana fentin su a launuka daban-daban, wani lokacin ma a bambance su.

Dubi kuma yadda ake girma gloriosa da camellia.

Dukiya mai amfani

Ba Camellia yana kawo jin daɗin rayuwa kawai ba a lokacin taro, amma kuma yana da wasu halaye masu amfani:

• Yana bayar da ingantaccen kuzari, yana ba da gudummawa ga daidaituwar alaƙa tsakanin mambobi na iyali da kuma jituwa cikin kusanci.
• Ana amfani da man mai mahimmanci daga ganyayyaki a kayan kwalliya da magani.
• Wanƙwasa da ganyayyaki yana ba da gashi lokacin da ake ɗebo haske da silkiness.
• Bayan aiki na musamman, ana amfani da ganyen matasa don samar da shayi.

Siffofin kulawar gida

Kula da camellia a gida

Don samun lafiya daji da yalwatacce fure, ya wajaba don samar da kulawa akai, wani microclimate.

Fitar camellia

Camellia tana mayar da martani ga kulawar da ta dace a gida tare da wadataccen fure. Lokaci na farawa a cikin nau'ikan daban-daban ya bambanta kuma yana iya wucewa daga Nuwamba zuwa Maris. Wasu buds na iya buɗewa da girma har tsawon makonni 3 zuwa 4. An kiyaye sosai a yanka. Petals suna da yalwatacce ko zagaye, suna da kangare mai nauyi kuma suna kasancewa a cikin ɗayan bene ko sama. A cikin cibiyar akwai tarin yawa stamens ƙare da manyan anthers. Girman furanni a cikin nau'ikan daban-daban suna cikin diamita daga 4 zuwa 15 cm .. Hakanan launi ya bambanta da yawa kuma yana iya zama monophonic ko motley.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Samun iska zuwa yawan zafin jiki ya dogara da lokacin. A lokacin bazara, zai iya zama mafi girma, amma don ƙirƙirar buds lafiya, ana buƙatar yanayi mai sanyi (+16 - 18 ° С).

Launin yayi kyau kuma baya jujjuya ƙwayoyin camellia a gida da ƙanƙanin zafin jiki (kamar + 12 ° C).

Fesa

Don kula da yanayin zafi mafi kyau, ana amfani da fesawa kowace rana tare da karamin daskararru akan ganye. An hana ruwa a kan fure da furanni.

Haske

Furen Camellia a gida don kyakkyawar haɓaka da cikakken fure na buƙatar isasshen haske, A wannan yanayin, yakamata a rinka haskaka rana, ba faduwa kai tsaye akan ganyayyaki. Kafin tatse buds, zaku iya juya tukunya zuwa taga ta fuskoki daban-daban. Itace wanda yake da ganyayyaki an bar shi shi kaɗai kuma ba a motsa shi.

Dabaru na girma dakin camellia. Bidiyo

Watering camellias

Ana sa ƙasa a cikin yanayin matsakaici, wanda yalwata yawan ruwa tare da sanyi, ana yin ruwa mai laushi. Sau biyu a wata, ruwan yana shan ruwan lemon tsami (kadan ya ragu). A bu mai kyau a yi amfani da kwantena tare da daskararren yumbu mai kauri ko huɗuba, wanda akan sa tukunya, don sanya danshi.

Il ƙasa don camellia

Abun da yakamata yakamata yakamata ya samar da iskar musayar iska da kuma ruwa mai kyau. Soilasa mai nauyi yana ba da gudummawa ga turɓaɓɓen ruwa da acidification na ƙasa, don haka ya fi kyau amfani da peat, ganye, sod, ƙasa mai ƙwaya tare da ƙari da yashi da humus. Shouldasa ta zama mai ɗan acidic, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ana zuba peat a lokaci-lokaci a cikin tukunya ko acidified lokacin sha. Rage yawan danshi daga Yuli zuwa Satumba don hana ci gaban harbe kuma ya sanya kwanciyar fure.

Taki da taki

Ya amsa da kyau ga Organic top-miya. Tsirrai manya sun canza sashin ƙasa, ƙara peat da humus.

A cikin shekara guda, bayan kwanaki 18-20, ana amfani da maganin takaddun takaddun ma'adinai na orchids (1 g kowace lita) tare da shayarwa.

Canjin Camellia

Cutar cikin gida bata da bukatar tsangwama a rayuwarta. Ana aiwatar da juyawa kamar yadda ya cancanta, lokacin da tukunyar tukunyar ta daina dacewa da girman daji. Ya isa zuwa ga dasa shuki a cikin wani tsiro a cikin bazara a kowace shekara 3, kuma a shekara sabuntawa na topsoil.

Mai jan tsami

A lokacin girma, bincika daji kuma cire ganye lalacewa da harbe mai rauni, iri na iri, ƙara ƙarshen ƙarshen harbe. A ƙarshen furanni, an yanke wani ɓangare na harbe, yana ƙarfafa kwanciya na sabon fure fure.

Yaduwar Camellia

Tsarin haifuwa abu ne mai matukar daukar hoto da tsayi. Sau da yawa suna amfani da hanyoyin ciyayi - yan itace da grafting, amma ana iya shuka iri.

Farfagandar ta yanke

Yanke a wani kwana na sama na lafiya Semi-woody cuttings, da ciwon daga 3 zuwa 5 da-raya ganye. Tsawon rikewar na iya zama daga 8 zuwa 15 cm. Kafin dasa, ana cire ganyen. Ana kula da abin rikewa tare da tushe, dasa a cikin akwati cike da cakuda peat tare da yashi ko perlite. Sheathed tare da polyethylene don ƙirƙirar greenhouse kuma an kiyaye shi a zazzabi na +20 - 25 ° C, koyaushe yana kiyaye zafi da yin iska.

Tsarin tushen samuwar zai iya ɗauka daga watanni 2 zuwa shida. Lokacin dasawa a shekara mai zuwa, tsunkule tushen kazar, yana ƙarfafa samuwar gefuna ta wannan hanyar, kuma bayan shekaru 3-4 - fure-fure. Mafi kyawun lokacin grafting shine Janairu ko Yuli.

Shuka Camellia daga Tsaba

Wannan doguwa ce mai matukar kyau, ana buƙatar a riƙa kula da wani microclimate, hanyar haifuwar camellia. Lokacin girma camellia ta hanyar shuka iri, ana kiyaye takamaiman sifofin jinsunan, amma fure yana faruwa ne kawai bayan shekaru 5-7. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai daɗaɗɗa daga cakuda peat da yashi kuma don kiyaye germin ƙarƙashin gilashin ko fim a cikin wurin dumi. A nan gaba, seedlings nutsar.

Cutar da kwari

Take hakkin microclimate a cikin dakin take kaiwa zuwa tabarbarewa har ma da mutu na shuka:

• Tushen juyawa tare da wuce haddi danshi.
• Buds fadi tare da tsawan bushewa na kasar gona, yawan zafin jiki mai tsafta a zazzabi da gajiya.
• Grey spots a cikin ganyayyaki camellias alamu ne na cututtukan fungal.
• Brown spots a cikin ganyayyaki camellias - sakamakon ruwa ko kunar rana a jiki.

A cikin yanayin iska mara lalacewa ana iya lalata ta da gizo-gizo gizo, fari. Kwayoyi masu haɗari sune kwari, kwari masu kwari da kwari.

Nau'in camellia gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

Mafi kyawun nau'ikan camellia sune:

• Mountain ko Miyagi;
• Daji na kasar Sin ko na shayi;
• Jafananci

An bambanta su da launuka iri-iri, da siffar furanni da furanni, da adadinsu da nau'ikan zane-zane, da kuma adadin ƙwayayen. Mafi shahararren nau'ikan camellia na Jafananci waɗanda suke samuwa don haɓaka suna da halaye masu zuwa.

Kawasaki biyu Fararen

Dusar ƙanƙara-fari, mai sihiri, fure mai fure suna da cikakkiyar alama. Bayanai masu laushi masu laushi suna ɗaukar wavy gefen gaba. Ganye suna elongated, mai sheki.

Camellia Giulio Nucci

Yana da furannin rasberi na nau'ikan da yawa: zagaye ko elongated m, ƙarami, wani lokacin har zuwa cikin curls a cikin fure. M stamens masu launin rawaya ko fari tare da anmadu masu launin shuɗi.

Camellia Margaret Davis

Iri-iri biyu launi ne, biyu-biyu. Furen ya ƙunshi nau'ikan furanni biyu: zagaye tare da gefen kuma kunkuntar, fararen ciki. Suna isa sosai ga juna. Rounded fararen furanni suna da ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi ko ja a kusa da gefen. Wasu nau'ikan suna da furucin rasberi.

Camellia Lady Campbell

Tall (har zuwa 1.5 m), bishiyoyi masu kyau tare da koren duhu, ganye mai haske da fure, fure-kamar fure mai haske mai launi mai haske. Furanni suna da yawa, har zuwa 10cm a diamita. Ruwan burodi a wasu lokuta ana lullube da farin rawanin dan kadan.