Idan kuna son sanin yadda ake girma coleus daga tsaba a gida da kuma abin da kuke buƙatar yin wannan, karanta labarin. Za mu gaya muku duk lamura. Da farko, 'yan kalmomi game da shuka kanta.
Coleus mafi yawanci ana kiransa kyakkyawan fure don gonar: yana da Hardy, unpreentious, mai sauƙin kulawa da kuma a lokaci guda matukar ado. Haɗa nau'ikan iri da suka bambanta da launi na ganye, zaku iya ƙirƙirar furannin furanni masu ban sha'awa ko iyakoki daga abin da ba shi yiwuwa a kawar.
Girma Coleus daga tsaba a gida
Furen yana cikin dangin Yasnotkov, mafi kusancin dangi sune mint, nettle. Wannan ya bayyana sunansa na biyu - nettle. A Ingila, ana kiran shuka da croton ga matalauta, croton ba shi da kyau.
Fiye da nau'ikan tsire-tsire 200 na gandun daji, ciki har da shuki, suna girma a cikin yanayin halitta. Masu shayarwa sun sake cika jerin tare da iri da kuma 'ya'yan itace tare da ganyayyaki masu ban mamaki, kuma yana da matukar wahala a kirga su. Mafi shahararrun nettles tsakanin lambu da kwararru:
- Coleus Blume (Salinity Scutellaria) - layin nau'ikan tsayi daban-daban. Wakilan haske: Farar fata mai launin fari-kore, mai ɗauke da hoto Sabr, Itace mai kula mai launin ja, Scarlett kore-ceri Wizard abarba. Wannan nau'in ya fi son inuwa m.
- Vershaffelt wani nau'in Blume ne da ke da girma manya-manya, har zuwa tsawon cm 20 cm ruwan lila mai ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi tare da iyakar mosaic kore.
- Black dragon a cikin wadatattun launuka masu launin shuɗi.
- Fantasy tare da kodadde m tsakiyar ganye.
- Hasken rana na sihiri wanda ya haɗu da yawancin launuka masu launin ja.
- Dark cakulan na lilac-launin ruwan kasa, wasu lokuta tare da bakin kore mai bakin ciki.
- Freckles tare da daskararren rawaya mai launin shuɗi-orange na siffar wanda bai dace ba.
- Saturn ne mai fure na exotica na flashy mai launin kore tare da iyakar maroon.
- Collins Gwal tare da faranti waɗanda aka watsa na filayen launuka masu launuka da launin rawaya tare da tsakiyar jijiya.
- Yawancin sautunan launuka iri-iri masu yawa da ƙarfin sautuna, tare da ganyayyaki gabaɗaya da masu disseped, madaidaiciya da mashahuri, mita ɗaya mai tsayi da santimita 10.
Furen fure a cikin nettle shine ya zama ba a fahimta, faduwa, kusan asara akan bangon da aka yiwa wasu bangarorin kayan marmari.
Ana yada jita-jita ga marassa karfi a gida, galibi ta itace ko tsaba. A cikin halayen guda biyu, hanyar ba ta haifar da wata matsala da masu lambu ba, koda kuwa wannan shine farkon shuka a cikin al'adar su.
Zamanin shuka
A cikin mahaifarta ta tarihi - a Afirka - tsirrai al'adun gargajiya ne. A farjin mu a cikin lambuna ana girma kamar shekara shekara, tunda kowane hanyar haifarwa yana ba da kyakkyawan sakamako. A matsayin perennial, suna girma a gida, suna sabunta fure duk shekaru 2. Siffar halitta ta coleus shine lalata a cikin shekara ta 3 na rayuwa.
An yi la'akari da lokacin bazara mafi kyau, daga Maris zuwa Afrilu, takamaiman sharuɗɗa an ƙaddara su ta yanayin yanayi da hasashen yanayi - nettle yana son ɗumi. Abubuwan fashewa waɗanda suka bayyana lokacin shuka yayin wannan lokacin za'a sami cikakkiyar haske. Kuma zuwa ƙarshen kullun na dumama, mai mahimmanci a yankuna da yawa, za su yi ƙarfi sosai kuma zazzabi zuwa + 26 ... +18 ° С za a canja shi ba tare da asara ba.
Don ƙirar ɗakin rani, zaku iya shuka tsaba don shuka a cikin hunturu ko a cikin bazara, amma dole ne ku haskaka seedlings kuma ku kula sosai don kula da yawan zafin jiki da ake buƙata. Idan "croton ga matalauta" zai yi girma akan windowsill ko gida, kowane lokaci zai yi, amma akwai buƙatar ƙarin haske a cikin kaka-hunturu.
Sau da yawa, mazauna bazara sun yarda akan kwanan wata tare da kalanda na Lunar, suna ƙoƙari su sauka yayin da tauraron daren yake cikin haɓakar girma.
Zabin iri
'Yan lambu suna sayen kayan dasawa a cikin shagunan ƙwararrun, tattara akan nasu, karɓa daga abokai a ƙasar, abokai.
Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa ƙwayoyin nau'ikan matasan ba su da tabbas, babban fasalin kayan kwalliya na coleus - launuka na fararen ganye a cikin ƙananan tsire-tsire za su kasance gaba ɗaya waɗanda ba a sani ba, za a maimaita halayyar iyayen a cikin yanayin da aka keɓe.
Irin wannan yanayin yana faruwa lokacin da aka shuka tsaba waɗanda aka tattara daga furanni masu wanzuwa - suna da haɗari ga pollination.
Sabili da haka, don samun tsire-tsire na “purebred” ta amfani da tsaba da aka sayi. Masu sha'awar abubuwan mamaki ba da yardar rai ba suna amfani da tsaba waɗanda ba a san asalinsu ba, su da kansu suna shiga gwaje-gwajen tare da yin aikin giciye.
Ƙasa mai mahimmanci
Don tsiro, sayan kayan da aka saya sun dace - na duniya ko na tsire-tsire na fure. Wasu lokuta ana cakuda cakuda daban-daban bisa ga tsarin:
- 1 tsp na lambun lambun;
- 1 hour na kogin yashi;
- 1 h. Soilasafin ƙasa don shuka ko peat.
Wani ɗan bambance-bambancen na kayan abinci mai gina jiki:
- 1 teaspoon na peat;
- 1 h. Humus; 1 teaspoon na yashi;
- 1 h. Dry sphagnum.
All aka gyara an gurbata, Mix da kyau. Don guje wa cutar baƙar fata, allunan da aka lalata na carbon an kunna. Sakamakon shine ciyawa mai cikakkiyar ciyawa.
Tukunya
Za'ayi shuka ne a cikin kwandon shara na gama gari - katako ko filastik. Da ake buƙata shine ramuka a ƙasa don magudana danshi mai laima. Tsayi 5-6 cm, saboda a sami isasshen fili don santimita mai santimita na magudanar ruwa.
Don kare m harbe daga yiwu cututtuka, seedlings an pre-wanke da kuma shafe tare da tururi ko kuma rauni bayani na potassium permanganate.
Nan gaba, don shuka, za a buƙaci ƙaramar ƙananan kwantena, wanda za'a iya zubar da tabarau, marufi don samfuran madara, da kwantena na musamman waɗanda aka yi da kwali da aka matse. Idan ana tsammanin namo cikin gida, ana aiwatar da gumi kai tsaye a cikin tukwane na dindindin.
Fasahar shuka
Tsarin katako na kayan kwalliya masu ƙanana, kamar ƙwayoyin poppy, don haka ana aiwatar da tsari a hankali.
Yi wadannan matakai mataki-mataki:
- Ana kula da tsaba tare da raunin bayani na manganese ko wata dabba mai kashe kansa, idan ba a saya su a shagon ba. An nutsar dasu cikin ruwa na minti 10, sannan a bushe, tabbatar a raba. Don sayi kayan dasawa, ba a buƙatar hanya.
- Akwatin seedling ya cika da substrate, bayan ya zuba magudanan ruwa a ƙasan tare da maɗaukakiyar ƙara - yumɓu mai yumɓu ko ƙaramin ƙaramin juji. Ba a yin raga da ƙasa domin ƙwaya ta sha wahala daga rashin iska.
- Kowane iri yana buƙatar a shuka shi daban. Zai dace da wannan don amfani da wasa na yau da kullun, dan kadan goge kwalbansa.
- Ba lallai ba ne a cika albarkatu. Hatta mafi kankantar layin ƙasa zai jinkirta farawar seedlings.
- Hallaka wata cibiyar a sanyaya daga atomizer da aka tarwatsa. Wannan zai hana binne iri da ba'a so.
- Akwatin an rufe shi da gilashi ko kuma fim ɗin zahiri, an sa shi cikin wuri mai ɗumi. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na abun ciki shine +23 ... +25 ° С.
Amfanin gona yana iska kowace rana tsawon mintuna 30, an cire ruwan saukar ruwa daga fim. Idan ya cancanta, ana yin ƙarin ban ruwa. 'Ya'yan itacun farko sun bayyana bayan kwanaki 10-15.
Cole seedling kula
Matasan tsire-tsire da aka samo daga tsaba basu buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Ruwa gare su yadda ake buƙata. Ana yin iska sau 2-3 a rana, saboda su saba ga yanayi ban da greenhouse.
Lokacin da tsiron ya samo asali biyu na ganye na gaskiya, suna ɗauka. A kasar gona yana da kyau moistened kowace rana. Ana haɓaka kowace tsiro a hankali tare da teaspoon kuma a canza shi zuwa kofin da aka shirya, inda tuni an zubar da magudanar ruwa da cakuda ƙasa mai gina jiki. An sanya seedling a cikin wani sabon wuri, suna ƙara ƙasa. Daga wannan lokacin, nettle ba ya buƙatar karamin-greenhouse. Amma tabbatar da kare m sprouts daga zayyana.
Bayan nutsewa, kuna buƙatar:
- shayarwa - kowane kwanaki 2-3 don kada ƙasa ta bushe;
- babban miya - bayan makonni 2 tare da takaddun takaddun fure don furanni ko duniya, dilice sau uku mafi ƙarfi.
Ya kamata a tuna cewa haruffan yanayi - nau'in ƙwayoyin ganye da launin su - ba su bayyana nan da nan, amma a kan nau'i biyu ko 3 na ganye na ainihi. A wannan lokacin, samarin coleus sun fara sabawa da iska mai kyau - suna fusata su.
A lokaci guda ƙayyade abin da yanayin haske matasa dabbobi bukatar. Launi mai haske na ganyayyaki suna nuna buƙatar haske mai yaduwar haske. Green aibobi ko ratsi - wannan shuka yana buƙatar shading, musamman da rana.
Ana shuka 'yan ƙwaya a cikin ƙasa buɗe idan lokacin ƙarshe yanayi yayi. Saboda duk fassarar su, tsire-tsire basa son sanyi dare. A gare su, suna zaɓar wuraren da aka yi fitila mai kyau tare da ƙasa mai dausayi, an kiyaye shi daga iska ta arewa da kuma zayyanawa.
Idan an aiwatar da shuka a cikin hunturu, bayan nutsewa ta farko, ana dasa ƙwayoyin matasa zuwa cikin tukwane mafi girma a kowace kwanaki 25-30. Irin wannan girma na tsawon shekaru na seedlings yana buƙatar taki 2 makonni bayan kowane juyawa.
Dandanawa masu noman furanni suna ba da shawara, kafin dasa shuki, don fara sanin kansu da halayen ƙwayoyin cuta. An bada shawarar wasu nau'in a dasa su a cikin fili kawai a watanni 4-6.
Mista Dachnik ya ba da shawarar: girma coleus daga tsaba a cikin allunan peat
Wannan babban abin kirki ne wanda ke sauƙaƙe aikin mazaunan bazara. Seedlings ba su bukatar tara, saukowa kuma ba ya daukar lokaci mai yawa.
Tsarin doka:
- Allunan peat tare da diamita na 3-5 cm ana ɗauka.
- Sanya su a akwati.
- Ana zuba ruwa a cikin kwanon a ƙananan rabo har sai peat ya kumbura gaba ɗaya.
- A cikin peat bollards, ana yin ƙananan zurfafa tare da wasa kuma an sanya iri ɗaya.
- Rufe pallet tare da murfi mai haske.
Ana aiwatar da ƙarin kulawa kamar yadda a cikin tsarin al'ada: zafi, haske, wadatar danshi na yau da kullun - kowane kwanaki 3-4.
Idan babu ƙananan allunan, ana shuka tsaba a cikin manyan. A wannan yanayin, an shuka su a cikin guda 2-3, kuma lokacin da suka yi toho, a hankali a yanka ginshiƙai tare da wuka mai kaifi don a raba tsirrai.
Tun da peat ya ƙunshi nutrientsan abubuwan gina jiki, ƙwayar seedlings. Yi amfani da takaddun takaddun gama gari na maida hankali kaɗan, alal misali, Agricola, Fertik don tsire-tsire na kayan gargajiya-dillanous, dilging su a cikin taro rabin zuwa sau uku ƙasa da wanda ƙwararar tayi shawarar. Ruwa cikin abun da ke ciki kowane kwanaki 10-12.
Suna faɗakar da lokacin dasa bishiyoyin cikin tukwane: Tushen bakin ciki suna fara fashewa da raga na allunan.
An yanke shi a hankali tare da almakashi man al'aura kuma sanya shi a cikin gilashi. Sa'an nan kuma ƙara ƙasa, moisturize. Idan da wannan lokacin yanayin yayi dumu dumu.
Allunan Peat suna da raguwa kawai - babban farashi. Amfani da su yana buƙatar isassun kuɗin kuɗin ƙasa, musamman idan akwai manyan filayen filaye. Amma mazauna bazara mai wadatarwa sun shawo kan wannan matsala. Abin zamba shine amfani da suturar cellulose na jakunkuna na yau da kullun. An buɗe su a hankali, falon ƙarfe, idan kowane, an cire, kuma aka haɗa cakuda ƙasa, yashi da ƙasa mai ƙoshin gaske. Sannan substrate dinka yakeyi an kuma sanya tsaba a waje.
Yawancin lambu da ke amfani da wannan dabara sun fi son ragowar koren shayi, tun da yake ba shi da tabbacin cewa ba ku da dyes da zai cutar da shuki.
