Apple iri-iri yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan nasarorin zamani na kiwo.
Wannan shi ne triploid, rani, high-yielding iri-iri.
Jagoran da ke tattare da irin nau'o'in nau'in nau'in nau'i mai nauyin launin fata shine sabon sabo, ba fiye da 'yan shekarun da suka gabata ba.
Apple bishiyoyi irin wannan suna da Kalmomi guda uku na chromosomes, ba kamar talakawa ba - diploid.
Yaransu yafi girma fiye da al'ada kuma ya nuna kyakkyawan juriya ga hadaddun cututtuka. Bayanin cikakken bayani da hotuna a cikin labarin.
Wane irin ne?
Yawan apples a lokacin rani. Yau masu shayarwa a kasar Rasha bred game da iri guda 20.
Daga cikin waɗannan, shida sun riga sun wuce gwaje-gwajen da ake bukata kuma an haɗa su a cikin Littafin Jihar, kuma wannan yana daya daga cikin wadannan nau'o'in.
Yanayin ajiya don mafi yawan apples suna kama da su.
A hankali tattara bishiyoyi kafin adana, rarraba, zabi mafi lafiya.
Duk wani apples tare da burbushi na bruises ko spoilage an dakatar da abinci a cikin kwanaki masu zuwa ko don aikin dafa abinci.
Daga 'ya'yan itacen ɓangaren litattafan almara ne da ke samo ruwan' ya'yan itace mai ban mamaki, kuma bayan dan lokaci - mai cider dadi ko sauran sha.
Dama mai dadi da jam ana sanya daga apples daga wannan nau'i, suna yin cikawa mai ban sha'awa ga pies.
Don ajiya mai kyau na apples yana da matukar muhimmanci don kare su daga matsanancin laima da zafin canji.
Yawan zazzabi a dakin, ginshiki ko wani dakin ya kamata ya kasance. game da digiri, yana bukatar samun iska mai kyau.
Ana ajiye apples a cikin filastik, katako ko katako, sau da yawa ta amfani da kwalaye masu kwalliya na katako.
A lokacin hunturu yana buƙatar daga lokaci zuwa lokaci don rarraba ta wurin da aka adana apples da hannu, a lokaci don cire dukan 'ya'yan itatuwa da suka fara tasowa.
Koyo game da rani na irin itatuwan apple: Melba, Gorno-Altaisk, Gornist, Papirovka, Robin.
Ruwan jini
Kodayake gaskiyar irin irin itatuwan apple suna da matsanancin matakan haihuwa, wanda ba zai iya dogara da kai tsaye ba.
Saboda haka an bada shawarar shuka wasu bishiyoyin bishiyoyi kusa da iri-iri, iri biyu ko fiye diploid iri.
Bayani na Apple Spas
Kuna iya yin la'akari da yadda yadda itace ya dubi, da kuma yaya - apples a kansu.
Wani itacen da babban kambi da rassan da ke kusa da nesa.
Wadannan bishiyoyin apple suna da haushi mai laushi, suna nuna launi na launi matte tare da hasken wuta akan farfajiyar da petioles, tare da gefen hagu.
A matsakaici, manyan apples - fiye da 200 grams, zagaye, tare da fata fata.
Launi yana launin rawaya tare da launin kore, launin launi yana kama da mai haske mai launin jan-raƙuman rawaya.
Wannan launi yana ɗaukar rabin rabi ko ƙasa.
Bayani bayyane bayyane.
Jiki yana da dadi ƙwarai, yawancinsa yana da matsakaici, bazai canja yayin ajiya ba.
Launi na ɓangaren litattafan almara ne sosai haske, tare da m greenish tint.
Hotuna
Tarihin kiwo
Yankunan gidaje - Krasnodar (SKZNIISViV).
Iyaye iri - Apple Bishiyoyi Tetraploid paping kuma Redfrey.
Ƙarin gwaje-gwaje, ciki har da zaɓi na seedlings, iri-iri sun kasance a Orel akan VNIISPK.
Marubuta na iri-iri ne ƙungiyar masana kimiyya da aka jagoranci Evgeniya Nikolaevich Sedov.
Mahimmanci na iri-iri lokacin zaɓin shine - juriya scababin da na musamman Vf gene yake da alhakin.
Sunan iri-iri yana da alaƙa tare da Orthodox bikin Apple cetowanda aka lissafa a ranar Agusta 19.
A yau, an tsarkake 'ya'yan amfanin gona.
An yi imanin cewa kafin jinsin tsarkakewa ba zai iya cin apples da wasu 'ya'yan itatuwa ba.
Koyi duka game da wasu nau'o'in bishiyoyi guda uku na Augustus.
Yankin ci gaban halitta
Ga Dokar Jihar Ƙungiyar Yankin Black Black sa kunshe a 2009.
Adawa na iri-iri a cikin mutane da yawa wasu yankuna na Rasha, ciki har da SiberiaYana da matukar nasara.
Kayan nuna mai kyau sanyi juriya. A sakamakon gwajin gwajin a cikin digiri 25 na sanyi, ƙananan, reversible lalacewa da kyallen takarda da kuma vegetative buds aka lura.
Idan aka kwatanta da tsarin kulawa An gane juriya mai sanyi kamar yadda aka yi.
Bambanci Apple spas da shawarar don fadi da kiwo a tsakiyar Rasha.
An cigaba da aikin da aka ƙaddara don ƙara yawan juriya ta sanyi.
Yawo
Bishiyoyi suna ba da kyauta mai kyau a farkon, don haka Apple ya sami ceto dangana ga iri iri iri.
Yawan aiki yana ƙaruwa da shekaru na itacen.
Tare da itatuwan apple a cikin shekaru daga shekaru 7 za a iya tattarawa a matsakaici fiye da 45-50 kg 'ya'yan itace.
Lokacin girbi ya dogara da yankin, amma hakan yafi na shekaru goma na watan Agusta.
Karanta game da irin itatuwan apple masu girma irin su: kayan zaki Antonovka, Gala, Winter Grushovka, Lyubava, Kuibyshev, 'yar Pepinchik.
Cututtuka da kwari
Babban nasara na musamman a cikin zaɓin wannan nau'i-nau'in shine kariya, wato, cikakke immunity zuwa scab.
Wannan cuta mai cututtuka mai hatsari a ko'ina yana haifar da gagarumin asarar amfanin gona ta apple, musamman ma a cikin rigar da rigar yanayi.
Kwayar Vf tana da alhakin rigakafi zuwa scab (dukan jinsunan da aka sani 5) kuma yana samuwa a yawancin nau'in apples wanda aka haɓaka cikin shekarun da suka wuce, kuma Apple ya sami ceto - ciki har da.
Masana sunyi kira irin apples da suke rigakafin scab: suna da matukar muhimmanci ga kiwo. ya rage buƙatar magungunan kashe qwari kuma yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan yanayin kowane yanki.
An kuma kira apple spas daga cikin iri mafi kyau ga sabon lambun.
A cewar malamin kimiyya E. N. Sedov, irin wannan lambu yana ba da sauri tare da ƙananan zuba jari.
A cikin wadannan lambun an shirya shi don amfani da bishiyoyi apple da bishiyoyi akan dwarf rootstocks, wanda ya taimaka wajen girbi girbi.
Haɗuwa da triploid tare da rigakafi zuwa scab, da kyakkyawan haƙuri sanyi, ya sa ya yiwu a yi magana game da Apple da aka adana a matsayin mai alamar alkawari.
An hade yawan amfanin ƙasa tare da dandano mai kyau, m, dadi mai dadi.
Dubi bidiyo a kan yadda za a samar da kayan lambu don yanke itacen apple.
