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Anatomy na zomo: skeleton tsarin, siffar siffar, gabobin ciki

Tsarin halitta na zomaye yayi kama da tsarin jiki na sauran dabbobi, amma har yanzu yana da halaye na kansa.

A yau zamu dubi tsarin kwarangwal, gabobin ciki da kuma tsarin jiki na waɗannan dabbobi.

A kwarangwal

A cikin kwarangwal na rabbit akwai kasusuwa 112, wajibi ne don kariya ga gabobin ciki da aiwatar da ƙungiyoyi. Nauyin kwarangwal a tsofaffi yana da kimanin kashi 10 cikin 100 na nauyin jikin jiki, a cikin kananan yara - 15%. Kasusuwan da suka hadu da kwarangwal suna hade da siga, tendons da tsokoki. A kwarangwal na zomo ya ƙunshi na gefe da kuma axial.

Shin kuna sani? A cikin daji, zomaye suna rayuwa kadan - kawai shekara guda, yayin da dabbobin gida sukan rayu shekaru 12.

Tsinkaye

Wannan ɓangare na kwarangwal ya hada da kasusuwa daga cikin gabar jiki:

  1. Thoracic, wanda ya kunshi ciwon humerus, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙafa, hannuwansa, hannu. Hannun yana da wasu ƙasusuwan kasusuwa: metacarpal - 5, carpal - 9 yatsunsu.
  2. Tashin ƙwallon ƙwallon, da ciwon kwaskwarima, kalam, sciatic da kasusuwa, ƙananan kafafu, cinya, ƙafafu, yatsunsu 4 da uku.
Kusar kirji da ƙafar kafurai an haɗa su da cunkoson, wanda ya sa zomaye su tsalle. Rabbits 'spine ne a matsayin rauni, kafafu kuma tare da kasusuwa maras kyau, saboda haka dabbobi sau da yawa cutar da paws da kashin baya.

Axial

Wannan ɓangare na kwarangwal ya ƙunshi ƙasusuwan kasusuwa - kwanyar da rukuni.

Familiarize tare da nama, ƙasa, konamental breeds na zomaye.
Tsarin skeleton mai suna yana wakiltar:
  1. Skull, kunshi kwakwalwa da fuska. Kullun yana halin da ke gaban kasusuwa masu haɗuwa waɗanda suke haɗuwa da sutures. A cikin kwakwalwa akwai yankin kasusuwa bakwai, wakilci, launi, lokuta da sauransu. Yankin fuska yana da maxillary, hanci, lacrimal, zygomatic, ƙasusuwan palatal. An yi siffar kwanyar ta elongated, ana iya gano irin wannan kama da kwanyar sauran dabbobi. Babban ɓangaren kwanyar yana shagaltar da gabobin da ke yin numfashi da cin abinci.
  2. Jigon jiki yana da alamar kasancewar kashin kashin, da sternum kashi, da haƙarƙarin. An raba ridge zuwa sassa 5 ko rabuwa. Kashi na kashin rabbit yana da sauki, saboda kasancewar manisci yana haɗa da vertebrae.
Jikunan kwayoyin suna aiki a cikin matsawa, yayin da halayen da tsokoki suna haɗa gashin gadon juna, cikin tashin hankali.

Babban ɓangaren kashin baya shine:

  • cervical, kunshi 7 vertebrae;
  • Thoracic, wanda yake dauke da kwayoyin 13, wanda ke haɗa tare da taimakon haƙarƙari da kuma kirkiro kirji, wanda ya ƙunshi zuciya da huhu;
  • lumbar tare da 7 vertebrae;
  • sacral da 4 vertebrae;
  • caudal tare da 15 vertebrae.
Yana da muhimmanci! Dabbobi na nama na Rabbit suna da furotin fiye da na saba, wanda yakan taimaka masu shayarwa a zaɓar dabba mai kyau lokacin sayen.

Muscular tsarin

Matsayin ci gaba da tsokoki a cikin zomaye ya sa ya yiwu a ba da jimawa da siffar siffofin bayyanar da dandano nama.

Tsarin kwayoyin zomaye yana wakiltar:

  • musculature na jiki, wanda, a bi da bi, ya ƙunshi tsutsotsi tsokoki, ya rufe cikakken dukkan tsokoki na jiki;
  • tsokoki na gabobin ciki, wanda ke rufe da tsokoki mai tsabta wanda ke rufe sassan jiki na numfashi, gabobin kwayoyin halitta, da ganuwar daji.
A cikin zomaye suna zaune a cikin cages, aikin yana da kadan, don haka tsarin kwayoyin halitta yana da kananan myoglobin da sarcoplasm, wanda zai haifar da launi mai launin fata mai haske. Babban aikin ya fadi a kan takalma, don haka naman ya yi duhu a kansu.

Ƙananan zomaye suna da tsarin ƙwayar ƙwayoyin ƙwayar cuta, wadda take ɗauke da kasa da kashi 20 cikin 100 na nauyin nauyin dabba, kuma yayin da suke girma, tsokoki suna ginawa har zuwa 40%.

Bincika abin da ke da kyau ga zubar ruwa.

M tsarin

A juyayi tsarin zomaye kunshi:

  • tsakiya, wakilin kwakwalwa da na kashin baya ne;
  • na jiki, da jijiyoyi na tsokoki, tasoshin da fata.

Kwararrun kwakwalwa na wannan dabba suna rabuwa ta hanyar karamin ragi, kwakwalwa yana da sassa uku, wakilci na tsakiyar, na baya, oblong, kowannensu ya wajaba don yin ayyuka dabam. Alal misali, godiya ga sashen oblong, aikin sassan jiki na numfashi da jini yana gudana.

Canal ta tsakiya ya ba da damar kashin baya, wanda farkonsa yake cikin kwakwalwa, kuma ƙarshen ya kasance a cikin bakwai na vertebra na cervical. Matsayin nauyin kashin baya shine 3.5 g. Yankin gefen yana da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyi, jijiyoyi na jijiyoyi da kuma ciwon jijiya.

Koyi game da sauraron rabbit, ido, cututtukan fata.

Kwayoyin jijiyoyin jini

Wannan tsarin yana rufe dukkanin matakai a cikin jikin zomo wanda ke magance jini, wato, kwayoyin jini, tsarin lymphatic, veins, arteries da capillaries. Ana buƙatar kowane nau'i don yin wasu ayyuka.

Jiki na rabbit yana dauke da kimanin 250-300 ml na jini. A cikin hunturu, dabba yana da yanayin rashin jiki, wanda shine +37 ° C, a lokacin rani shine +41 ° C.

Zuciyar zomo yana da ɗakuna hudu da ke kunshe da ventricles biyu da biyu atria. Nauyinsa shine 7 g, matsayi shi ne kullun shinge. Kullin al'ada ga dabba - cikin dari 140 a minti daya.

Yana da muhimmanci! Idan zafin jiki na rabbit ya tashi da digiri 3 a cikin rani kuma ya kai +44 ° C, to, zai mutu.

Tsarin digestive

Wannan tsarin a cikin jiki yana bada izinin sarrafa abinci da zubar ya cinye. Cikakken zagaye - daga yin amfani da abinci ga sarrafa abinci a cikin gastrointestinal fili - kwana uku ne.

Hutu

Lokacin da aka haife shi, zomo yana da hakora 16, a cikin ci gaba, a mako 3, akwai canji madarar hakora ga tushen. Matasa suna da hakora 28, haɗarsu tana faruwa a cikin rayuwarsu.

Jaws sun hada da manyan incisors, an tsara su don murkushe abinci mai mahimmanci, da kuma 'yan asali, wanda ya wajaba don ƙin sauran abinci. Abincin da aka hako da hakora an kai shi zuwa pharynx, mataki na gaba shi ne sufuri zuwa ga esophagus da ciki.

Tsai

A zomo ne mai tsattsar halitta na kusan 200 cu. duba abin da yake iya samar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai haɗari. Gizon enzymes a cikin zomo suna da karfi idan aka kwatanta da sauran dabbobi. Fiber, wanda kunnuwan suna cinyewa, da ciki ba ya ƙaƙa, an aika shi zuwa hanji.

Gano abin da za a yi idan zomo ya sneezes, idan zomaye suna da ciki, idan zomo yana da cututtuka, ko maƙarƙashiya, idan zomo yana da gashi, idan rabbit yana da idanu masu ido.

Intestine

Abubuwan da ke cikin ciki ba su iya shiga cikin hanji ba, suna aiwatar da matakai na karshe na narkewa.

Jiki yana wakiltar:

  1. Ƙananan hanji, wanda ke cikin raunin abubuwa, ciki har da amino acid, wanda ya shiga cikin jini.
  2. Babban hanji, wanda ke shiga cikin matakai na ƙullawa. Abincin da ba'a rabu da shi ba, ya fito ne a karkashin irin nauyin da ake ciki, yawanta - 0.2 g kowace rana. A cikin rana, feces suna halin da karfi tsari, da dare - taushi. Hutun da ake janye da dare, dabbobi suna ci, saboda abin da suke karbar sunadarai masu amfani, bitamin K da B.

Sassan jiki na numfashi

Kwayoyin respiratory a cikin wani zomo suna wakilta da hanci, makogwaro, trachea da huhu, wanda ya ba da damar jiki don samar da iskar oxygen. Yin iska a cikin iska, a cikin hanci yana da zafi, mai tsabta, tsararru marar tsarki. Sa'an nan kuma ya fara ci gaba zuwa pharynx, trachea da huhu.

Koyi yadda zaku zabi zomo a lokacin sayen ku, yadda zaka iya sanin shekarun zomo, yawan zomaye na rayuwa a matsakaita.

An ƙara numfashi ta rage idan aka kwatanta da sauran dabbobi. 280 numfashi a kowane minti suna dauke da al'ada. Ushastik sun inganta hanyoyin musayar gas: cinye kimanin mita 480. cm na oxygen, sun kwashe 450 cu. cm carbon dioxide.

Sassan kwayoyin halitta

Kowane mutum yana da irin wannan hankula:

  1. Smellingwanda yake yiwuwa yayinda kwayoyin kwayoyi suna cikin zurfin hanci. Sel yana da gashi 11 da ke amsawa da dama da dandano. Mun gode wa ma'anar wari, mutane sun zabi abokin auren jima'i, kuma mace na iya bambanta 'ya'yanta daga baƙi daga wari.
  2. Ku ɗanɗaniwanda ke kama da kusoshi na musamman wanda ke rufe harshen.
  3. Ta hanyar tabawaAyyukan da ke faruwa tare da haɗuwa da fata mai laushi, wanda yake a kan eyelids, lebe, baya da goshi. Godiya ga wannan jin dadi, dabbobin zasu iya daidaita kansu a cikin sararin samaniya, ganin yanayin zafin jiki ya saukad da kuma kauce wa overheating, amsa maganin jin zafi. Godiya ga antennae, dabbobi zasu iya motsawa a daren lokacin da cage ya zama duhu. Hatsun da ke sama da fatar ido na ba da izinin zomaye don yin motsawa da kuma jin matsalolin.
  4. Ta wurin ganiwanda aka ba da idanu, yana kunshe da ido a cikin siffar wani sashi, wanda aka haɗa da kwakwalwa. Zomaye na iya bambanta launuka, kuma wani ɓangaren hangen nesa shine hyperopia da yiwuwar daidaitawa cikin duhu.
  5. Mai ji, saboda manyan kunnuwan, wanda ya ba zomaye damar ganowa da kuma gane sauti da kyau.

Tsarin Genitourinary

Wannan tsarin a cikin jikin zomaye ya ƙunshi kwayoyin halitta da urinary. Ƙungiyar urinary wajibi ne don kawar da kayan lalata daga jiki. Adadin fitsari mai saurin kai tsaye ya dogara da shekarun da abincin dabbobi. Kowace rana mutum daya zai iya samar da fiye da 400 ml na fitsari. Ɓararen urinary yana kusa da jima'i.

Shin kuna sani? Sadarwar tsakanin dabbobi yana yiwuwa ne saboda sauti da yawa. Don kama wasu daga cikinsu, mutane zasu iya juya juyayi a wurare daban-daban.

Dabbobi masu mambobi suna da ƙananan bishiyoyi guda biyu, waɗanda ke cikin yankin lumbar kuma suna da muhimmanci ga tsarin tafiyar da sunadaran sunadarai, ma'adinai na ma'adinai da sauran abubuwa.

Gubar da fitsari yana faruwa a gaba, daga kodan, yana shiga cikin ureters, bayan haka an cire shi. Nauyin launi na ruwan da aka haƙa shi ne launin rawaya-bambaro, rawaya ko amber fitsari wanda aka dauki alamar cutar.

Jigogi na jima'i

Akwai bambanci tsakanin jinsi tsakanin maza da mata. Maza suna da gwaje-gwaje 2, jigun jini, kayan haɗin gishiri, azzakari. Sassan jima'i na jima'i

Tsarin haifa na mace yana wakilta daga cikin mahaifa, ovaries, oviduct, farji, da kuma buɗewar mata. Girma na qwai yana faruwa a cikin ovaries, a cikin tsarin kwayar halitta, ana hawa su zuwa cikin oviduct.

Koyi yadda zaka iya sanin jima'i na zomo, yadda zaku zubar da zomaye a gida, lokacin da zaka iya barin zomo ya zama mated, tsawon lokacin da yake, da kuma yadda za a tantance sugaryness na zomo, yadda zaka ciyar da zomo bayan ci.

Yawan cikin mahaifa yana da nau'i nau'i biyu, don haka mace zata iya ɗaukar litattafan littafi 2 daga maza biyu sau ɗaya, tafiyar matakan jirgin kwayar farawa 12 hours bayan mating. Jinsuna masu jima'i na zomo girma

Endocrine gland

Rabbit endocrine gland suna sanya up na thyroid, pituitary, Pineal, pancreatic, adrenal gland, testes da ovaries. Hanyoyin hormones sun fara shiga jini, ba tare da yiwuwar barin jiki ba.

Gwargwadon ƙwayar jiki na yin aiki na gyaran ruwa da mai yaduwa, da godiya ga glandon kwakwalwa, samar da asali na asali. Idan akwai wasu raguwa a cikin yawan gland da kuma aikin su, wannan yakan haifar da matsalolin ci gaba da ci gaban mutane.

Koyi yadda zaka zamo zomo a gida, yadda za a yi fata fata.

Saboda haka, bayan nazarin cikakken bayani game da jikin mutum na zomo, masu amfani da gonaki zasu iya ƙayyade lokacin da akwai wani hasara a cikin waɗannan dabbobi don amsawa da sauri sannan kuma farawa.

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