Juicy da dadi berries na mai dadi ceri kawo a cikin rani ba kawai yarda daga amfani, amma kuma babbar amfani. Akwai iri iri iri na wannan Berry, dukansu sun bambanta da dandano, launi da girman. Girma mai dadi mai suna "Vasilisa" yana da 'ya'yan itatuwa mafi girma a kan kasuwa a yau. Domin samun yawan amfanin ƙasa, kana buƙatar sanin wasu fasali na "Basilisa" kuma kula da shi.
Kiwo
Wannan babban-fruited iri-iri na zaki da cherries an shayar da shayarwa ta Ukrainian. Yanayin haihuwarsa shi ne Artyomovskaya Experimental Gardening Station, inda aka haife shi da godiya ga kokarin da wakilin mai girmamawa na Ukraine LI Taranenko ya yi. Dalilin samun Vasilisa cherries ne irin Donetsk Ember da kuma Donetsk kyakkyawa.
Binciken halaye masu rarraba na cherries "Pink Pearl", "Farewell", "Valery Chkalov", "Yulia", "Astakho mai daraja", "Rossoshanskaya Gold", "Franz Joseph", "Iput", "Revna", "Large-fruited" "Adeline".
Bayani da halaye
Itacen kanta yana da kyau sosai, musamman lokacin lokacin flowering. Amma mafi girma sha'awa shi ne 'ya'yan itatuwa da suke quite girma ga wannan al'adun size.
Tree
Cherry "Vasilisa" yana da matukar karfi - ba tare da kafa shi girma har zuwa 4 m ba. Kamar kowane irin waƙoƙi mai dadi, wannan itacen yana da kyakkyawan akwati mai laushi da launin launin fata da kuma kambi mai laushi. A harbe reshe da kyau kuma suna da ɗan lankwasa a cikin wani arc.
Farin mai duhu ne mai duhu. A ganye suna m, taso keya kwai-dimbin yawa.
Gano idan zaka iya girma mai dadi mai dutse.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari
Yawan itatuwan 'ya'yan itatuwa masu nauyi masu auna nauyin 11-14 g a kan bishiyar. Wadannan berries suna da dadi mai haske mai laushi mai laushi da nama mai laushi. Kasusuwan su ƙanana ne da sauki su raba.
Mai dadi, tare da dandano ruwan inabin da ƙanshi mai ban sha'awa, 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da dandano mai kyau (maki 4-4.5 na 5). Halin ya zama kamar zukatattun zuciya.
Wasu fasali na iri-iri
Da iri-iri "Vasilisa" yana da wasu halaye.
Winter hardiness da kuma cutar juriya
Wannan mai dadi ceri tolerates hunturu da kyau. Amma tun da furenta ba su da sanyi, to a arewacin yankin Volgograd, yawancinta ba shi da amfani.
Cherries sunfi rikici ga moniliasis da coccomycosis fiye da cherries, kuma daga kwari za a iya shafar yafi ta ceri tashi larvae.
Shin kuna sani? Yanzu a Rasha, hunturu-hardy irin cherries suna bred, wanda kai 'ya'yan itace a cikin wani sanyi sosai sanyi a gare su. "Oryol m", "Shayari" kuma "Baby" zai iya tsayayya da sanyi har zuwa -37 ° C. Kuma waɗannan ba kawai sune iri dake iya kasancewa a tsakiya na Rasha ba. An yi la'akari da jagoran da babu shakka a cikinsu "Fatezh"wanda, baya ga babban hunturu-hardiness, yana da kyau sosai kuma yana da kyakkyawan dandano halaye (maki 4.7).
Mawallafa
Hanyoyin al'adu sunyi amfani da su kuma yana buƙatar pollinators, don haka ba'a ba da shawarar shuka bishiya daya ba. Dabbobi masu kyau na Vasilisa sune wadannan cherries: Annushka, Aprelka, Bagration, Melitopol Early, Valeriy Chkalov, Donetskiy Uglyak, Burlat, Valeria, da Priusadebnaya "da kuma sauran dadi cherries tare da ja berries.
Lokacin bazara da yawan amfanin ƙasa
Yana da matsakaici cherries zaki da ceri. Ana girbe 'ya'yanta a watan Yuni, kuma idan lokacin rani ya jinkirta sanyi a watan Yuni, zasu iya farawa a farkon watan Yuli.
Tsarin ƙaramin yara zai fara bada 'ya'ya a cikin shekara ta biyu bayan dasa, amma girbi ya dogara da yanayin, yanayin ƙasa, da kulawa. Yawan yawan tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire ya kasance daga 25 zuwa 50 kg kowane itace.
Familiarize kanka tare da amfani Properties na zaki da 'ya'yan itatuwa ceri.
Transportability
A 'ya'yan itãcen wannan babban-fruited zaki da ceri, saboda da babban ɓangaren litattafan almara, yi haƙuri sufuri sosai da kyau. Wannan, tare da kyakkyawan gabatarwa (girman girman gonar dutse), ya sa ya yi alkawarin sayarwa.
Jagora
Sweet cherries za a iya amfani da sabo da kuma gwangwani. Bugu da ƙari, tasoshin da aka zaba da 'ya'yan itatuwa gwangwani mafi girma fiye da sabo ne (maki 4.8-5). Yana yin kyakkyawan compote, jams an shirya, jam da wasu jams (ko da ba tare da amfani da sukari) ba.
Haka kuma an rufe shi a kansa ruwan 'ya'yan itace, syrup ko marinated. Ana kara wa wasu 'ya'yan itace da' ya'yan salade da 'ya'yan itace da ake amfani da ita a matsayin mai cikawa a pies da dumplings. Berries kuma dauka a matsayin tushen don shirye-shiryen 'ya'yan inabi (giya) da kuma giya.
Cherry ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga' ya'yan itãcen wannan iri-iri ba ya yi duhu kuma yana da kyakkyawan launi. Bugu da ƙari, yana da sakamako mai tsammanin kuma yana da amfani a cikin cututtuka na numfashi.
Koyi yadda za a yi jamba tare da duwatsun, da farin fata, da ƙwayar soyayyen mai dadi da wasu hanyoyin da za a shirya mai dadi mai dadi don hunturu.
Yanayin girma
Bishiyoyi na wannan iri-iri suna ƙaunar ƙasa tare da ƙimar ƙasa. Ƙarin haske mai laushi ko yashi mai laushi suna da kyau. Ba dace da ƙasa mai kyau ba, ƙara yashi ko yumbu kamar yadda ake bukata. Ana ƙara lemun tsami a ƙasa mai acidic.
Sweet cherries suna fi dacewa dasa a wuraren da lit da rana. Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan itace ba ya son wuraren da iska ta motsa. Don saukowa kana buƙatar zaɓar mai shiru kuma ba mai yiwuwa ba ne a zartar da wuri.
Don ci gaba na al'ada, kowane itace yana buƙatar cikakken sararin samaniya a kusa da akwati. Sabili da haka, kada ku dasa bishiyoyi da yawa kusa da juna (distance ya kasance mita 2-4). Idan ruwan teku yana kusa da farfajiyar kuma zai kasance kusa da tushen tsarin, to, kana buƙatar damuwa game da malalewa da gina ginin.
Yana da muhimmanci! Musamman ma bai dace ba don ceri ne mai laushi, saboda sun bushe sosai don itace.
Dokokin shimfiɗa
A lokacin da dasa shuki cherries "Vasilisa" yana da muhimmanci a bi da wadannan dokoki:
- Kasar gona don dasawa an shirya shi a cikin fall. A lokacin digging na ƙasar, 8-10 kilogiram na taki ko takin, da kuma samar da ma'adinai taki da yawa (kimanin 200 grams da 1 square mita na ƙasar);
- Ana huda rami don dasa shuki a tsaka-tsayi na kimanin mita 4 daga juna da kuma daga sauran bishiyoyi don hana kariya mai karfi ta rassan a lokacin girma;
- Kowane rami mai saukowa yana da nisa kusan 70 cm kuma zurfin 50-60 cm An gyara ganuwar ba tare da kunta zuwa ƙasa ba;
- A kowane kogi da aka yi, takin ko humus an sanya shi don ciyar da tushen bishiya, kuma an sanya goyon baya, wanda aka daura nauyin seedling don tallafawa;
- domin kada ya zurfafa wuyansa na wuyansa, za a tayar da seedling da 5 cm;
- to, itacen yana da kyau shayar da shi, ya shiga cikin ƙasa, ya kuma yi girma.
Yadda za a shuka wani mai dadi ceri: bidiyo
Yadda za a kula
Don samun amfanin gona mai kyau, don wajibi "Vasilisa" ya kamata a kiyaye shi sosai.
Watering
Bambanci "Vasilisa" yana buƙatar watering, musamman ma a lokacin 'ya'yan itace (Mayu), a yanayin zafi da kuma kafin lokacin sanyi. Kyakkyawan watering ya kamata a tsaftace ƙasa ba kasa da 30 cm zurfi ba. Kafin farkon sanyi, amfani da ruwa yana kusan ninki biyu.
Ba kyawawa ba ne don gudanar da ruwan inabi kai tsaye ƙarƙashin itacen. Lambu na bayar da shawarar yin digiri karamin tsaka a cikin cherries, wanda aka cika da ruwa.
Ƙara koyo game da dasa shuki, shuki, kula da cherries a cikin fall.
Top dressing
Don samun girbi mai kyau, ana bada shawara don gudanar da abinci na yau da kullum. Don tabbatar da ci gaban al'ada, samar da bishiyoyi da 'ya'yan itace, yana buƙatar potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus. Taki a cikin ƙasa ya kamata a farkon spring da marigayi kaka (kafin sanyi).
Masana sun bayar da shawarar wannan ciyarwa:
- a shekara ta uku bayan dasa shuki, kana buƙatar ciyar da itacen da urea, dangane da nauyin nau'i na 30 grams da guga na ruwa;
- A cikin shekara ta huɗu, an yi takin gargajiya sau biyu. A cikin bazara sun yi takin tare da carbamide (150 grams), kuma a cikin fall tare da superphosphate (300 grams) da potassium sulfate (100 grams);
- a lokacin da aka fara cin abinci a farkon lokacin bazara, an gabatar da kwayar urea zuwa 200-300 na gindin itacen, wadda aka kwashe a cikin ruwa.
A watan Satumba, yana da amfani ga taki don amfani da takin gargajiya da humus.
Kula da da'irar
Don inganta yanayin musayar iska da kuma kula da danshi, an bada shawarar yin la'akari da ƙasa a kusa da gangar jikin tare da bambaro, ciyawa da ciyawa. Kafin amfani da shi ya zama dole don sassauta ƙasa da kyau kuma cire weeds.
Ƙwarewa da kafa kambi
Na farko (formative) pruning ya kamata a gudanar a farkon spring a farkon shekara bayan dasa. Zai fi kyau a fassara jagorar zuwa reshe na gefe, ta raguwa jagorar cibiyar. Kyau na wannan iri-iri na girma sosai, saboda haka wajibi ne a kaddamar da rassan ta kusa kusan kashi 50% na tsawon tsawon.
Bincika irin irin mai dadi mai dadi da ake kira colonic.
Ana buƙatar ƙwayar bushe da kamuwa da su don cire su. Koyaushe pruning rassan girma a cikin kambi, ko intersect tare da kwarangwal rassan. Lambu na bayar da shawarar yin amfani da rassan sinker don samar da kambi mai yadawa, to sai girbi daga rassan zai zama sauƙin.
Aiki a kan pruning yawanci ana gudanar da a farkon spring (kafin buds ƙara). A cikin fall, suna yin sanitary pruning, cire rassan cututtukan.
Yadda za a siffar kambi na ceri: bidiyo
Kariya akan sanyi da rodents
Tsarin bishiyoyi don karewa daga cututtukan da yawa da ƙwayoyin cuta fara a farkon bazara. Don yin wannan, yayyafa kashi uku na maganin Bordeaux ko cakuda Burgundian.
Daga bisani (kafin kafa yawan zazzabi a matakin + 15 ° C da sama), ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Horus". Ana iya maye gurbinsa ta wasu hanyoyi - "Gyara", "Ƙarƙashin", "Tsaida". Wannan nau'in nau'i nau'i ne mai matukar damuwa ga cututtuka da dama, kuma idan an bi da shi a dacewa, to, babu cututtuka ba duka mummunar damuwa ba.
Koyi yadda zaka kare cherries daga kwari da cututtuka.
Yayin lokacin ripening, mai dadi ceri harms da amfanin gona a ceri gardama, wanda ya lalata 'ya'yan itace. Wannan ƙwayar kwari (3-5 mm) yana da duhu launin ruwan kasa. Irin wannan kwari yana aiwatar da ƙaddara ƙwai, wanda larvae ya fito, kai tsaye cikin 'ya'yan itace.
Tsutsotsi fara cin abinci mai tsami na berries da amfanin gona. Da farko, aibobi da haruƙi suna bayyana akan 'ya'yan itace. Sa'an nan kuma berries fara fada daga rassan zuwa ƙasa. Ruwan ƙasa a kusa da gangar jikin yana rage yawan adadin ƙwayoyin cuta, amma idan gonar lambu yana da matukar damuwa da wadannan kwari, to, ana amfani da kwari.
Yana da muhimmanci! Sweet ceri "Vasilisa" yana da yawancin matasan matsakaici kuma ya fi sauƙi ga mamayewa na kwari fiye da iri na farko. A matsayin ma'auni, sun yadu itace "Confidor" ko "Fufanon". An yi amfani da spraying na farko a lokacin da kwari ya tashi, bayan makonni biyu kuma ana maimaita magani. Amma irin wannan suturawa bai yi ba bayan kwanaki 14 kafin girbi.
Dabbobi daban-daban suna son ci cikakke cikakke sosai. Saboda haka, an kira "Cherry" da "Vasilisa" da ake kira "tsuntsu".
Don yin yaki da irin wannan kwari na gonar, ana amfani da masu amfani da ƙwararrun masanan - sun kafa dabbobin da aka cakuda, yatsun launuka masu launi a kan rassan. Zaka iya jefa a kan tashoshi na musamman na itace, wanda aka sayar a cikin shaguna don masu lambu.
Rashin itacen bishiya don karewa daga sanyi an haɗa shi da rassan coniferous. Har ila yau, yana taimakawa wajen kare hawan itace daga lalacewa ta hanyar rodents. A cikin idon ruwa, ƙugiyar cherries an bleached tare da bayani daga lemun tsami don kare kariya daga kwari.
Ƙarfi da raunana
Dabbobi iri iri "Vasilisa" yana da amfani da yawa:
- yana ba da kyakkyawan yawan amfanin ƙasa mai kyau;
- da berries ne quite m a tsarin da kuma manyan a cikin size, suna da kyau dandano Properties;
- dace da cin zarafi kuma a cikin tsari;
- Yana da matukar damuwa ga sanyi da fari;
- marasa lafiya a kulawa da maganin cututtuka da yawa;
- da kyau hawa, bazai rasa halayen sa na dogon lokaci ba.
Shin kuna sani? 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna da sakamako masu tasiri akan aikin hanta, kodan, ƙwayar zuciya, bronchi. Gishiri mai dadi mai dadi yana da sakamako mai tasiri akan fata, yana inganta warkar da kananan raunuka.
Abin takaici, ƙwaƙwalwar "Vasilisa" tana da mahimmanci - bai dace da yanayin da ruwan sama mai yawa ba. Berries fara crack kuma sun dace kawai don aiki. Wannan yanayin ya kamata a yi la'akari da farko, lokacin zabar itace don dasa.
Cherry "Vasilisa" - wannan babban zaɓi ne don dasa shuki a kowace gonar. Idan kana zaune a dace da itace, ba yanayin sanyi ba, to, za ka ji dadin kyau, mai girma, mai dadi da kyau a kowace shekara. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna adanawa kuma za a iya amfani dashi a wasu jita-jita, abin da ke sa su ya fi mahimmanci.
Sweet Cherry Vasilisa: bidiyo
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