Alayyafo - albarkatun kayan lambu da ke dauke da bitamin mai sauƙi mai sauƙi, kwayoyin da acid mai, micro da macro abubuwa masu dacewa don cin abinci mai kyau. Wadannan ganye suna da amfani da kyawawa akan kowane tebur. Yin amfani da alayyaci kullum shine kyakkyawar rigakafin cututtukan cututtuka, masu juyayi, ciwon zuciya, cututtuka na kwayar cuta, da kyau da kariya.
Shin kuna sani? Kayan furen ya ƙunshi bitamin K, E, PP, C, P, A, B2, B6, manganese, silicon, iron, cobalt, kugu, boron, chromium, iodine, calcium, rubidium, zinc, vanadium. Da kuma serotonin, phytosterols, polysaccharides, omega-3-polyunsaturated m, ascorbic da oxalic acid.
A lokacin da shuka alayyafo
Girman alayyafo a filin bude zai iya farawa daga farkon ko tsakiyar Afrilu, yana mai da hankali ga yanayin sanyi. Alayyafo - sanyi resistant, iska zafin jiki na + 4-5 ° С ne quite dace da seeding, da kuma harbe iya jure wa frosts ƙasa zuwa -5-6 ° С.
Yadda ake samun girbi na farko
Girma na dasa shuki yana ba da girbi na gaba - a tsakiyar tsakiyar Yuni, ba a baya ba. Zai yiwu kuma lokacin da aka dasa shi don sanya alayyafo a ƙasa mai bude domin girbi na baya? Kuna iya. Yi shi a yankuna tare da tsire-tsire ko shuka amfanin gona na hunturu a ƙarshen Agusta - farkon watan Satumba.
Samar da alayyafo kafin hunturu, samun launin fari a watan Afrilu. A cikin wannan hanya, a lokacin da ake shuka zuwa ƙananan furanni, a cikin kwanaki 14-16, alayyafo yana da tushe da kyau. Kuma tare da warming a cikin Maris, yana da sauri girma.
Yana da muhimmanci! Bayan karɓar girbi na fari a cikin kwanaki 45-50, zaka iya sake tattara ganye daga bushes a karo na biyu, kuma an cire tsire-tsire.
Bukatun Naman Alade
Ƙananan, mai laushi da yashi, mai arziki a cikin ƙasa mai magani shine mafi dacewa don girma alayyafo. Bugu da ƙari, kasar gona don alayyafo ya kamata ba ma acidic - pH ba ta fi 7 ba.
Kyakkyawan sunadaran wannan shuka shine dankali, cucumbers, legumes, kabeji, tumatir.
Shin kuna sani? Aikace-aikacen abinci na kayan abinci - dafa abinci, frying, shinge, canning, daskarewa - sauƙin canza abin da yake da shi, yana riƙe da abubuwan da ke da amfani da ilimin halitta.
Ƙasa shirye-shiryen dasa
Kasar gona don alayyafo aka shirya a cikin fall - suna ciyar da kuma tono. Digging zurfin - 25 cm Alayya taki bada shawarar zuwa gudanar da wani potash-phosphate shirye-shirye, humus, takin. Ƙididdigar yawan abubuwan da aka gyara ta 1 square. m - 5 g na phosphorus, 8 g na nitrogen, 10 g na potassium, 5.5-6 kilogiram na humus.
Yana da muhimmanci! An yi amfani da Nitrogen azaman taki kawai a cikin kaka, ba a lokacin bazara. Kayan shafawa da sauri ya tara yawan wucewarsa, wanda yake cutar da lafiyar mutum.
Shuka alayyafo tsaba a bude ƙasa
Girma alayyafo tsaba kai tsaye cikin ƙasa ba tare da tsirrai seedlings amfani sosai sau da yawa. Don yin wannan, kafin shuka tsaba suna soaked for 20-24 hours. Yayin da ake yin haka, ƙwayar pericarp daga cikin iri tana zama mai jagora: idan ta sauke daga ruwa, tsaba suna shirye don dasa shuki.
Kafin shuka, ana shuka tsaba a bushe - an shimfiɗa shi a kan tawul ɗin bushewa saboda yawancin danshi yana tunawa kuma babu tsaba da aka rushe. Za a iya kara tsaba (potassium permanganate) a cikin ruwa don ban ruwa, don haka za'a samu wani bayani mai rauni. Girman mai zurfi shine 2-2.5 cm, nisa tsakanin gadaje, idan sun kasance a cikin layi daya, 20-25 cm ne.
Yana da muhimmanci! Alayen alaƙa yana da cutarwa a cikin cututtuka na duodenum, koda, hanta, gallbladder. Tare da kulawa an gabatar da ita cikin abincin yara. Wannan shi ne saboda ƙara yawan abun ciki na oxalic acid a cikin kayan lambu.
Ajiyayyen kayan noma
Kayan fure ne mai ban mamaki, amma kuma yana bunƙasa a cikin inuwa, watau, ana iya dasa shi a matsayin rabu na dabam daga wasu albarkatu, da amfani da ita a matsayin mai raba tsakanin tsire-tsire iri daban-daban. A lokaci guda spinach ne unpretentious, kuma kula da shi ya kunshi dace watering, loosening kasar gona, thinning, weeding.
Ruwa da shi a matsakaici har sai sprouts germinate - daga watering iya tare da fesa a lõkacin da ta dauka tushen - watering ne isa, amma matsakaici. Tsire-tsire suna motsa jiki a bayyanar ganye na biyu, yana barin nisa tsakanin su na 15-20 cm Ana yin gyaran gyaran kowane lokaci yayin da ƙasa ta bushe. Yaya zafin ruwa a cikin rani rani?
Ruwa da yawa sau da yawa kuma mafi yawan gaske, amma tabbatar da cewa ruwan ba ya damewa kuma yana da kyau aeration. Rashin ruwa mai wuce haddi zai haifar da samuwar foda da kuma sauran cututtuka. A lokacin ruwan sama mai tsawo, ya fi kyau a shimfiɗa fim a kan kwaskoki a sama da gadaje don kauce wa danshi mai zurfi. A matsayinka na mai mulki, an yi amfani da ƙasa don alayyafo kafin dasa shuki - a cikin fall kuma, idan ya cancanta, a cikin idon ruwa kafin a shuka, sabili da haka, a cikin yanayin ciyayi, alamar alade ba a yi ba.
Girbi
Za'a iya farawa da kayan noma a lokacin da tsire-tsire tana da ƙirar ganye guda shida, mafi yawa ana yin shi tare da ci gaban 8-10 ganye. Yanke kara a ƙarƙashin ganye na farko. Tushen alayyafo spring dasa dig. Zaka iya cire fitar da tsire-tsire gaba daya maimakon yankan. Don ƙarfafa tarin ganye ba zai iya zama - ganyayyaki ba, ya zama m, rasa dandano. Kada ka girbi bayan watering ko ruwan sama. Lokacin mafi kyau ga girbi shine safiya, to, ganye zasu zama sabo kuma ba suyi wrinkled ba.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin alayyafo da aka shuka a cikin bazara da lokacin rani, ganye suna da ƙananan ƙwayar, kuma waɗanda aka dasa a cikin kaka suna da girma da kuma duhu ganye.
Cututtuka da kwari da alayyafo, yadda za a magance su
Dukkan lambu suna bukatar su san yadda za su shuka alayyafo a cikin ƙasa ko gonar kuma su kauce wa lalacewar ta hanyar kwari. Zai fi kyau wajen aiwatar da rigakafin cutar a gaba, biye da hanyoyin fasaha na zamani: bi ka'idojin juyawa da shayarwa, kawar da weeds, iri iri iri dake magance kwari. Babban kwari na alayyafo shi ne larvae na kwari da kwari na kwari, wanda gnaw ramukan a cikin foliage, slugs, aphids, bazaar beetles, cututtuka na banza na ganye da asalinsu, downy mildew, scoop-gama caterpillars da kabeji scoops.
Dukkan cututtuka sun fara saboda rashin cin zarafin aikin injiniya. Ba'a ba da shawarar kulawa da sinadarai tare da alayyafo. Lokacin da raunuka ke cikin sauƙi, zaka iya amfani da barkono, tumatir, kayan sadarwar taba don spraying. Idan ba za ku iya jimre wa kwari ba, an lalatar da tsire-tsire masu rinjaye.
