Kamar yadda kuka sani, Yankin Moscow ba shine yanki mafi sauƙi don shuka 'ya'yan itace da amfanin gona na berry ba, musamman idan muka yi la'akari da bambance-bambancen yanayin yanayi da yuwuwar dusar ƙanƙara mai sanyi. Sabili da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, yawancin nau'ikan tsire-tsire na berry an gasa su, ban da ceri. Masu shayarwa na zamani sun kirkiro wasu ire-irensu waɗanda ke da tsayayya wa cututtukan yanayi da cututtukan fungal. Kuma idan kun lura da waɗannan nau'ikan cherries dalla-dalla, zaku iya samun wanda yake da dandano da ƙanshi mai daɗin kayan lambu, har ma da wanda furanninta zasu sami halayen ado.
Mafi shahararrun irin daji cherries domin kewayen
Ariananan launuka da suka dace da yanayin yankin tsakiyar Rasha, musamman, ga yankin Moscow, a gaskiya, ba su da yawa. Rijistar jihar na da kusan nau'ikan cherries iri guda 37 a yankin Tsakiya kuma nau'ikan 15 ne na cherries, amma duk da irin wannan adadin, ƙwararrun lambu da ke kusa da Moscow suna da nau'ikan da ba a gwada lokaci-lokaci kawai ba, amma sun kafa kansu a matsayin tsirrai masu inganci. yawan amfanin ƙasa mai nuna ƙarfi da kariya mai ƙarfi zuwa nau'ikan yanayin yanayin zafi da cututtuka.
Bambancin Lyubskaya kyakkyawa ne, ba shuka mai yaduwar ƙwayoyi tare da adadi mai yawa na harbe-harbe, daga abin da kyakkyawan kambi yake yadawa. Iri-iri suna da girman haihuwa.
Mutane da yawa lambu saba da Turgenevka (ko Turgenevskaya) cherries - da dama da aka halin da m kambi a cikin irin inverted dala da kuma matsakaita girma daga itacen kanta.
A-ma-tsayi Vladimirskaya iri-iri tsaye a kan wani nau'i na wasu cherries tare da bushy Branching na kuka harbe, saboda haka itaciyar tana da kambi mai tsananin gaske.
Digiri | Berry ripening lokaci | Yawan taro na berries, g | Matsakaicin Samarwa | Dalilin iri-iri | Kayan rigakafi na cututtukan fata | Lokacin hunturu |
Lyubskaya | Shekaru na ƙarshe na Yuli - shekarun farko na watan Agusta | 4-5 | 5-6 kg kowane itace | Fasaha. | Ana cutar da coccomycosis da moniliosis. | Hardness na hunturu, ya karu zuwa - 30 º C, ba tare da tsari ba. |
Turgenevka | Yuli 1-20 | 4,5 | 10-12 kg a kowane itace | Fasaha. | Matsakaici mai saukin kamuwa zuwa coccomycosis. | Hardness na hunturu na itace yana da girma (har zuwa-35ºС), fure na fure - matsakaici (har zuwa - 25º), saboda haka tsari ya zama dole. |
Vladimirskaya | Daga 15 ga Yuli zuwa 20 ga Agusta | 2,5-3,0 | 6-10 kg kowane itace | Duk duniya. | Shafar coccomycosis. | Hardness na hunturu na itace yana da girma (har zuwa-35ºС), fure na fure - matsakaici (har zuwa - 25º), saboda haka tsari ya zama dole. |
Ya kamata a sani cewa kawai Lyubskaya iri-iri na da ikon yin pollinating, yayin da Turgenevka da Vladimirskaya cherries suna buƙatar sake sauya nau'ikan pollinator.
Na farko irin daji cherries
Digiri | Berry ripening lokaci | Yawan taro na berries, g | Matsakaicin Samarwa | Dalilin iri-iri | Kayan rigakafi na cututtukan fata | Lokacin hunturu |
Kari | Daga 20 ga Yuni zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuli | 4,4 | 38 c / ha | Duk duniya | tsayayya da moniliosis | A iri ne matsakaici resistant zuwa sanyi. |
Shpanka Bryansk | Daga 20 ga Yuni zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuli | 4 | 73 c / ha | Duk duniya | Tsayayya da cututtukan fungal. | Yawancin suna iya jure tsananin sanyi, wani lokacin har zuwa - 40 º C. |
Sania | Daga 25 ga Yuni zuwa 20 ga Yuli | 3,7 | 75,7 kg / ha | Dakin cin abinci | Akwai rigakafi ga moniliosis da coccomycosis. | Hardarfin hunturu yana sama da matsakaici, yana jure har zuwa -25 º C, amma fure-fure na iya mutu, amma yana jure yanayin sanyi a ƙasa. |
Mai laifi | Daga shekarar karshe ta watan Yuni zuwa 25 ga Yuli | 3,2-4,0 | 6-7 kg ta kowane itace ko 5-6 t / ha | Duk duniya | Shafar Coccomycosis | Hardness na hunturu ya wuce matsakaici. |
Zhivitsa | Daga 25 ga Yuni zuwa ƙarshen Yuli | 3,8 | 10-14 t / ha | Duk duniya | Hunturu-Hardy iri-iri | tsayayya da hadadden cututtuka. |
Varietyaƙwalwar Cherryanyen Cherryanyen whichwari, wanda, a zahiri, ita ce jigon cherries da cherries, ba kawai haɓaka mai sauri ba, har ma da kyakkyawan kambi mai kamanni da ke kama da dala. Cherry wannan nau'ikan daban-daban suna zuwa ga 'ya'yan itace a cikin shekara ta 3 na rayuwarta.
Bambancin Spanka Bryanskaya ya tsaya a kan sauran cherries tare da kambi mai zagaye da elongated, wanda ya fi tsayi da gangar jikin bishiya. Wannan babban rawanin rawanin ga gajeren wanki yana yin itace mai tsayi na matsakaici.
Cherry Sania itaciya ce mai girma cikin sauri tare da rassan launin ruwan kasa. Sananniya iri-iri Sania tayi kama da ta wata-wata.
Itace bishiyar Bagryannaya mai rauni sosai tana da kambin da bai da fadi sosai ba.
Cherry Zhivitsa (ko kuma Zhivitsa ma sun ce) itace itaciya mai tsayi tare da kambi mara nauyi sosai, siffar wacce take kama da kwallon.
Iri dake tsayayya da yanayi
Digiri | Hardness na hunturu na itace | Harin hunturu na kodan | Weight of berries, g | Matsakaicin yawan aiki, t / ha | Farin ciki na rashin ruwa | Ripening farawa | Juriya cuta | Dalilin iri-iri | Pollinator iri-iri |
Matasa | a-35ºС | Zuwa - 25ºС | 4,5 | 8-10 | Babban | Daga 20 ga Yuli | Matsakaicin juriya na Coccomycosis | Duk duniya. | Ba a buƙata |
Robin | har zuwa -30ºС | Zuwa - 20ºС | 3,9 | 10-14 | Matsakaici | Makon da ya gabata na juma'a | Tsarin Coccomycosis yana ƙasa da matsakaici | Fasaha. | Vladimirskaya, kwalban ruwan hoda. |
Murna na Moscow | har zuwa -30ºС | Zuwa - 20ºС | 3,0-3,5 | 6-8 | Matsakaici | 15 ga Yuli | Cututtukan fata sun kamu da mummunar cutar. | Mafi yawan fasaha, ba sau da yawa tebur. | Ruwan kwalba sune Pink, Vladimirskaya, Shubinka, Shpanka Kurskaya, Orlovskaya Rannaya da wasu nau'ikan. |
Fur gashi | Har zuwa -40ºС | Zuwa - 30ºС | 2,5 | 6-12 | Kadan | Farkon watan Agusta | Tsarin Coccomycosis yana ƙasa da matsakaici | Fasaha | Lyubskaya, Black Shirporteb, Vladimirskaya, Moscow Griot, Sayka. |
Matashi iri-iri itace karamar itace wacce take da kambi mai bude ido.
Bambancin Robin itace madaidaiciya ce mai tsayi-tsayi wacce aka yiwa ado da kambi mai kauri kamar yanki.
Babban kambi a jikin dala yana mallakar ire-ire iri ne na Moscow, wanda itacensa ke saninsa da ƙarfi.
Bambancin Shubinka itace ce mai tsayi tare da kambi mai kauri, mai kama da siffar dala.
Bidiyo: varietiesanyen ceri sun dace da yanayin yankin Moscow
Andarancin da dwarf iri dake cherries: tebur
Digiri | Tsarin itace | Ripening farawa | Dalilin iri-iri | Yawan nauyin tayin, g | Matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa | Yanayin tsayayya da yanayi | Cutar rigakafi | Bambancin pollinator |
Anthracite | Har zuwa 2 m | Yuli 16-23 | Duk duniya | 4 | 96,3 c / ha | Yankin hunturu ya yi yawa. Rashin haƙuri mai matsakaici ne matsakaici. | Matsakaici mai tsayayya ga coccomycosis | Ba a buƙata ba, kamar yadda iri-iri ne ɗan amfanin kai. |
Mtsenskaya | Babu fiye da 2 m | Yuli 20-25 | Fasaha | 3,4 | 35,7 kg / ha | High hunturu hardiness. Rashin haƙuri mai matsakaici ne matsakaici. | tsayayya da moniliosis. | Ba a buƙata ba, kamar yadda iri-iri ke daɗaɗaukar da kai. |
Bystrynka | 2-2.5 m | Yuli 8-15 | Duk duniya | 3,6 | 38 c / ha | Bishiyar juriya yana da ƙarfi. Rashin haƙuri a ƙasa yana ƙasa da matsakaici. | A iri-iri ne resistant ga cututtuka da kwari. | Ba a buƙata ba, kamar yadda iri-iri ne ɗan amfanin kai. |
Tamaris | Har zuwa 2 m | Shekaru na ƙarshe na Yuli | Duk duniya | 3,8-4,8 | 60-80 kg / ha | Yankin hunturu ya yi yawa. Rashin haƙuri mai matsakaici ne matsakaici. | Yin tsayayya da coccomycosis. | Zhukovskaya, Turgenevka, Lyubskaya |
Rusinka | kimanin 2.0 m | Shekarun farko na watan Agusta. | Fasaha | 3 | 68,7 kg / ha | Hardness na hunturu ya wuce matsakaici. Rashin haƙuri mai matsakaici ne matsakaici. | Matsakaici mai tsayayya ga coccomycosis | Daban-daban suna da-da-da-da-sa, don haka ba a buƙatar pollinator. |
Cutar Anthracite tana da kyakkyawan kambi na yada matsakaici.
Bambancin Mtsenskaya yana jan hankalin ido tare da kambi mara kyau na zagaye. The mai tushe na shuka masu launin ruwan kasa a launi da daidaitacce daidaituwa.
Bystrinka cherries yana faranta wa yan lambu dadi ba kawai tare da saurin girma ba, har ma tare da kambi mai ƙyalli na halitta wanda yayi kama da ƙwallo.
Bambancin Tamaris na musamman ne a kambinsa na pyramidal, wanda ke ba da mamaki tare da rassansa masu ban sha'awa.
Rusinka iri-iri suna da kyakkyawan kambi mai shimfiɗa a cikin siffar yanki. The mai tushe na shuka da kansu ana fentin su a cikin launin ruwan kasa sautunan launin ruwan kasa kuma an bi shi sosai.
Mafi yawan nau'ikan cherries mai ban sha'awa ga yankin Moscow
Zabi nau'ikan cherries Ina so da berries su kasance ba kawai lafiya ba, har ma da daɗi. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ya zama al'ada don dasa Vladimirskaya. Uniquewararrun dandano na teaky nata kwararru suna da kyau sosai, kuma masu kula da lambu suna kulawa da ƙauna. Aikin kiwo bai tsaya tsaye ba kuma akwai wasu nau'ikan da waɗanda masu ƙwararrun masu sana'a suka sanya mafi yawan maki.
Jagoran da ba a tantance shi ba daga cikin mafi daɗin rai shine ƙwallon ƙarancin kunya. A cikin bazara, wannan itace mai tsayi-tsayi zai yi ado wurin tare da fararen furanni waɗanda aka tattara a cikin inflorescences na uku. A iri-iri ripens marigayi kuma ba a rarrabe ta yi fice a hunturu hardiness da jure cutar. Babban abu shi ne cewa manyan 'ya'yan itãcen wannan iri-iri ba za su bar kowa ba sha'aninsu dabam, idan kawai saboda a baya kusan baki fata boyewa wani m sosai m ɓangaren litattafan almara mai duhu launi.
Saboda yawan takin da yake dashi, Shy yana da wadataccen amfanin gona da za'a iya ciyar dashi kuma a sanya shi a cikin kayan aiki.
Ya ci gaba da farati mai dadi iri iri Pamyat Enikeeva.
Duk da cewa eniwaƙwalwar Yenikeyev tana ɗaukar matsayi na biyu, a zahiri ita ce farkon rayawa iri-iri. Haka ma yana da mahimmanci cewa duhu mai duhu mai duhu yana iya ɗanɗanar riga a cikin shekara ta 4.
Itace mai cin gashin kansa na wannan nau'in yana da matsakaicin matsakaicin hunturu da juriya ga coccomycosis.
Tsarin Assol mai matsakaici mai saurin girma zai ci gaba. A shekaru 4-5 na tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin yanayin Assol iri-iri zasu fito da 'ya'yan itaciya mai taushi tare da ɗimbin ɗimbin acid.
Assol daji yana da hunturu hardiness da kai haihuwa.
Na huɗu a cikin biyar shine Volochaevka iri-iri. 'Ya'yan itãcen Volochaevka sun yi nasarar haɓaka ƙananan girman, kyakkyawan dandano da babban abun ciki na bitamin C. Coccomycosis-mai tsayayya da yanayin hunturu-Hardy Volochaevka yana da wadataccen kayan aiki wanda ya wuce nau'ikan Pamyat Enikeeva da Assol.
Matsayi na ƙarshe na biyar shine shahararrun Shokoladnitsa. Lastarshe akan jerin, amma ba ƙarshen bambancin na ceri iri ɗaya ba, zaiyi mamakin tare da .ya .yan itãcensa. Berriesa berriesan Yarinyar Chocolate ba ta da girma, amma tana ɗauke da ƙarin sukari da acid fiye da Shy, Memory of Yenikeyev, Assol da Volochaek.
Yankin hunturu-mai wuya kuma ɗan ɓangaren Chocolate Chocolate Girl zai yi farin ciki tare da babban girbi kowace shekara.
Manyan cherries guda biyar masu dadin gaske dangane da bayanai daga Rajistar Jihar
Wuri | Digiri | Taro na Berry | Ku ɗanɗani | Darajan dandanawa | Solids abun ciki | Abun sukari | Acid abun ciki |
1 | Gashi | 4,5 g | Dadi mai daɗi | 5 | 16,2% | 11,2% | 0,86% |
2 | Memorywaƙwalwar Yenikeyev | 4.7 g | Mai dadi, tare da acid mai dadi | 4,8 | 16,3% | 10% | 1,4% |
3 | Assol | 4.2 g | Dadi mai daɗi tare da sourness mai dadi | 4,7 | 15,5% | 10,0% | 1,3% |
4 | Volochaevka | 2.7 g | Dadi mai daɗi | 4,7 | 15,6% | 10% | 1,4% |
5 | Yarinyar cakulan | 3 g | Dadi mai daɗi | 4,6 | 18,4% | 12,4% | 1,6% |
Ciki sosai don yankin na Moscow
A cikin lambuna na Yankin Moscow a lokacin bazara, zaka iya ganin ƙananan bishiyoyi ko ciyayi masu shuɗe da furanni masu launin fari ko ruwan hoda. A kan asalin yanayin da bai farka ba, farkon cikakkun nau'ikan cherries suna kama da sababbin shiga daga labarun tatsuniyoyi.
Za'a kula da nau'ikan cherry da wuri kamar 'ya'yan fari na farko a shekaru 4-5, yayin da nau'in jin daɗin zai gamsar da girbi na shekaru 3-4. Daga cikin kore na ganye, kamar jan wuta, jan berries zai bayyana. Sakamakon takaitaccen ciyawar, akwai ji cewa an rufe rassan da cherries. Wannan kuma wani bangare ne na kayan ado da ake ji da su.
Tsarin 'ya'yan itatuwa zuwa ga rassan ya zama tushe don kuskuren yin lafazi da jin ƙyalli kamar tsire-tsire mai siffa. Mutane suna kusantar da misalai tsakanin apples and cherries, gaba daya suna manta cewa waɗannan sune asalin iyali ɗaya. Don haka, suna da bambance-bambance masu yawa daga juna. Ku narke 'ya'yan itatuwa ceri a harbe na shekara-shekara. Samuwar kambi don ƙirƙirar kwatancin bishiyoyin columnar zai haifar da sarewar rassan bishiyoyi masu ba da 'ya'ya, ma'ana cikakkiyar asarar yawan amfanin ƙasa. Wataƙila wata rana masu shayarwa za su fito da ceri na columnar, amma har yanzu babu. Amma wannan ba ya ware isa yabo na data kasance irin ji cherries.
Tsayin mita 2-3, fure mai fure, wani sabon abu tsari na albarkatu masu launi - waɗannan sune kaddarorin waɗanda godiya ga waɗannan bushes da bishiyoyi waɗanda suka cancanci ƙauna ta musamman daga masu zanen kaya har ma sun sami shawarwari daga ƙwararru. Jin daɗin zai gamshi ba kawai tare da babban ado ba.
Babban abu shine m, dadi da kuma kyawawan lafiyar berries, wanda zasu ci da farin ciki a kowane nau'i. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne na duniya, sabili da haka' ya'yan itatuwa masu canfi, a cikin ɗaukar kaya, a cikin jak, a cikin kawuna, kuma sabo sabo ne mai girma.
Teburin yana nuna irin nau'in cherry-Hardy mai jin ƙanshi, wanda za'a iya cinye berries ɗin sabo ko a dafa abinci. Wadannan nau'ikan sun fi dacewa da haɓaka a cikin karkara.
Digiri | Lovedaunataccen | Atlanta | Alice | Natalie | Jin daɗi |
Lokacin yin girki | matsakaici | latti | matsakaici | matsakaici | da wuri |
'Ya'yan itace | na shekara ta 4 | na shekara ta 4 | na shekara ta 3-4 | 3-4 | na shekara ta 4 |
Launi na 'ya'yan itace | ruwan hoda mai duhu | duhu ja | maroon | duhu ja | Ja mai haske |
Taro na mahaifa | 3.3 g | 2 g | 3.3 g | 4 g | 3.2 g |
Ku ɗanɗani | mai daɗi da daɗi, daɗi, da jituwa | m, m, zaki da m dandano | m, dandano mai daɗi | mai dadi da tsami | Dadi mai daɗi |
Darajan dandanawa | 4 | 5 maki | 4,5 | 4,5 | 4 |
Halayyar cuta | in mun gwada da tsayayya da claustosporiosis | tsayayya da cututtukan fungal. | in mun gwada da barga | in mun gwada da barga | in mun gwada da tsayayya da cututtukan fungal |
Yawan aiki | mai girma sosai | matsakaici | babba | babba | babba |
A mafi yawancin halayen, ana jin cherries na haihuwa ne, don haka ana buƙatar pollinator. Ana iya magance wannan matsala cikin sauki idan aka dasa bushes biyu ko fiye da ke kusa da juna.A wannan yanayin, ba lallai ba ne a shuka tsirrai guda biyu iri ɗaya, babban abinda ya faru shi ne cewa kwanakin suna da suka cika. Don haka, a cikin biyu daga Atlanta tare da kyakkyawan dandano, zaku iya dasa nau'in Belaya. Wannan nau'ikan zai bambanta da launi (yana dacewa da sunan), ya dace da amfanin gona (yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa) kuma ya zarce Atlanta a cikin bitamin C.
Bidiyo: sake nazarin cherries
Kayan da ba a sani ba kusa da Moscow
Mutane suna son wasu nau'in cherries ba saboda babban ɗanɗano na berries ko girbi mai yawa ba, amma saboda kyawun fure. Abubuwa biyu kawai na dalilai na ado suna dacewa da yanayin Yankin Moscow.
Ofaya daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan shine - Spring whim, wanda shine kambi na ellipsoidal tare da rassan launin ruwan kasa mai haske. A harbe na shuka suna daidaitacce a tsaye.
Ana rarrabe nau'ikan girgije na Morning da kyakkyawar kambi mai buɗe ido da ke da kamannin spheroid da naƙasasshen digo na bakin ciki.
Digiri | Tsarin itace, m | Diamita diamita, m | Zurfin fure, cm | Yawan furanni a cikin inflorescence, inji mai kwakwalwa | Lokacin ruwa |
Lokacin bazara | 1,5-2,0 | 1,0-1,5 | 2-2,5 | 2-3 | Afrilu 2-15 |
Girgije maraice | 3,5-4,0 | 3,0-3,5 | 3,0-3,5 | 4-6 | daga 10 ga Afrilu zuwa 25 ga Afrilu |
Dukansu nau'ikan suna da tsayayya sosai ga sanyi da fari, da kuma rigakafi mai ƙarfi ga coccomycosis da ƙonewar monilial.
Ra'ayin 'yan lambu kusa da Moscow
Ina da makirci a gundumar Ruza. Wannan bazara na shuka Chocolates, Shubinka da Molodezhnaya daga cherries wannan bazara. Na sayi tsire-tsire daga ACS a VDNH, a sarari. Duk sun samo tushe har ma sun ba da ƙananan girma (har zuwa 8 cm). Na shirya dasa shuki da jin ceri kusa da su. Zan rufe dukkanin tsire-tsire tare da rassan spruce
Dima
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Matasa ta hanyar ina winters da kyau. Abin da asarar da na yi wannan bazara. Turgenevka da Shokoladnitsa ne suka shaku da dusar ƙanƙarau, da zaran sun kori ganyen, yanzu haka muna ci gaba.
S-alek
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Na sayi ceri "A cikin ƙwaƙwalwar Yenikeyev" a VSTISP “Zagorye” a Biryulyovo, kira sashen tallace-tallace, Ina tsammanin za su gaya muku game da siyar a wannan shekara. Cherries suna ba da 'ya'ya a cikin lambun: Vladimirovskaya, Muse, Pamyati Enikeeva, Volochaevka, Zagoryevskaya, Shokoladnitsa, Apukhtinskaya, Molodezhnaya. Don ku ɗanɗani (tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa mai kyau) Zan iya fitar da Muse da Shokoladnitsa. Musa ɗan fari ne, Shokoladnitsa ya makara, amma mun bar tsuntsaye rabin amfanin gona. Tveretinovskaya na froze na gaba shekara bayan saukowa.
Marina
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Gentlemen - kuma ina da tsohon nau'in cherries - "shit" ba ya yin rashin lafiya tare da komai - gabaɗaya. Mai dadi, mai duhu mai duhu - ripens kafin Vladimir. Rieswararriyar cherries - tsohuwar lambu. Na ba ɗan'uwana a cikin kewayen birni - gundumar Istra ta zama tushen.
Damochka911
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Don haka, nau'ikan cherries masu inganci tare da tsananin tsananin hunturu da haƙurin fari sun isa ga kowane mai lambu a Yankin Moscow don nemo wata shuka da za ta biya dukkan bukatun ta. Ya rage kawai don tantance ainihin abubuwan mutum da buri game da iri.