Yadda za a takin itatuwa

Ana kammala girbi a ƙarshen kaka, mazaunan zafi da kuma lambu suna kokarin shirya 'ya'yan itace don hunturu sanyi. Da farko, tsire-tsire a cikin lambunku suna buƙatar dama, mai dacewa da ƙwaya. Kuma idan ga masu shahararrun lambu wannan tsari ne na daidaitattun, to sai farawa bukatar ƙarin shawarwari. Za mu tattauna a yanzu game da yadda za a shirya gonar don sabon kakar kuma yadda za'a ciyar da wasu bishiyoyi masu kyau.

Abubuwan:

• Yadda za a takin itatuwa
• Ciyar da apple
• Ciyar da pears
• Top miya cherries
• Top dressing plums
• Watering itatuwa

Babban taki

Mafi kyawun lokaci don amfani da ma'adinai ko takin gargajiya ana daukarta shine kaka, wato tsakiyar Oktoba. Yayin wannan lokacin ruwan kwafi ya ƙare kuma ya tsaya, an tattara girbi cikakke, kuma ganyayyaki sun fara fada.

Wasu lambu sun ce yana da kyau a fara ciyarwa a cikin marigayi Satumba, amma bayan an cire dukan 'ya'yan itatuwa. Babu wata yarjejeniya a kan wannan batu - wannan rabuwa ne saboda gaskiyar cewa kowace irin bishiyoyi masu ban sha'awa ne na musamman kuma yana buƙatar wata hanya ta musamman.

Yana da muhimmanci! A lokacin bazara, ba za a iya amfani da takin mai magani ba a cikin ƙasa, don kawai zasu cutar da lambun ka. Suna halatta ne kawai a lokacin bazara.

Ka'idoji na asali ga dukan lambun:

• za ku iya fara farawa idan an cire dukan 'ya'yan itatuwa daga itacen;
• Kafin farawa, dole ne a gwada ganga a kan wani bayoneti ba tare da cikakke ba; diamita na yankin da aka ƙera ya kamata ya zama daidai da nisa na kambi;
• An gabatar da takin gargajiya a baya kafin sanyi, ƙananan ƙwayoyin amfani da itace zasu sha;
• za ku iya fara ciyarwa daga karshen Satumba zuwa ƙarshen Oktoba, saboda wannan shi ne mafi kyawun lokaci;
• Zaka iya yin takin mai magani wanda ya ƙunshi sodium, calcium, molybdenum, cobalt, magnesium, phosphorus da manganese.

Irin nau'in taki ya kamata a zabi dangane da irin ƙasa a kan shafin. Akwai nau'i na samfurori daban-daban, kowannensu yana da saitunan kayan abinci masu dacewa wanda ya dace da ƙasa ta musamman kuma yana da yawa a cikin yanayin.

Kila za ku so ku karanta game da irin nau'un ƙasa akwai, da kuma irin tsarin taki don kasa mai yawa.

Idan an lalata ƙasa ta nauyi ko yumbu, kana buƙatar ƙara yawan ƙwayar taki don lambun ka. Idan ƙasa kasa yashi ko yashi, dole ne a rage yawan nauyin hawan hawan. Bugu da ƙari, irin ƙasa, shekarun da irin shuka suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a zabi na takin mai magani da ƙarar su. Ga bishiyoyi daban-daban, yawan haɗin haɗin kansu da jerin dokoki da shawarwari don ciyarwa an ci gaba.

Yadda za a takin itatuwa

Yawan adadin abincin gina jiki ya dogara da tsawon lokacin da itace yake. Ga matasa, tsofaffi da tsofaffin bishiyoyi suna da ka'idojin kansu da ka'idojin aikace-aikace na taki. Bari mu ga abin da ke tattare da takin apples, pears, cherries da plums.

Ciyar da apple

Kodayake itace ba itace itace itacen 'ya'yan itace mai mahimmanci ba, wannan ba zai kawar da aikin kulawa ba, pruning da ciyar da lokaci.

A cikin bazara, mai kula da gonar dole ne ya warware dukkan jerin ayyuka masu muhimmanci don shirya apple don sabon kakar, wato:

• duba bishiyoyi don kasancewar rassan da suka lalace ta hanyar sanyi ko iska, kuma duk wani cututtuka da ya shafi duk wani cututtuka a lokacin hunturu;
• cire lalacewar rassan;
• don aiwatar da sake dawowa da rassan bishiyoyi masu laushi da kuma yanke tsofaffin tsofaffin rassan kambi;
• don wanke lichen growths daga gangar jikin;
• a hankali da kuma rufe duk abin da aka lalata na injiniya a kan gangar jikin da kuma manyan rassan, ramuka da fasa tare da taimakon kayan aikin gona;
• aiwatar da rigakafi na kare bishiyoyi daga kwari da cututtuka na kowa;
• bishiyoyi masu tsabta don kare bishiyoyin itatuwa daga konewa da hasken rana ke yi, da kuma don tsoratar da kwari da dama;
• don yin safiyar farko daga miyagun kwayoyi da kuma ma'adinai a cikin ƙasa karkashin bishiyoyin apple.

Idan kulawa da ruwa don itacen apple ya haifar da buƙatar inganta amfaninta, to, tsarin tafiyar kaka yana hade tare da shirya itacen don dogon lokaci.

Aikin lambu a gonar a kan bishiyoyi, wanda aka ba da shawarar da za a gudanar a ƙarshen Satumba, za a rage su kamar yadda aka yi a farkon bazara. Amma wannan yana damuwa ne kawai ƙaddamarwa, kaucewa daga gutsurewar gutsure ko rashin lafiya, kullun da kuma kula da raunukan itace tare da farar lambu.

Hanyar hadi an ƙaddara ta ka'idojin mutum. Da farko kana buƙatar tsabtace yankin a ƙarƙashin itacen daga rassan rassan, haushi, ganye da 'ya'yan itace maras kyau. Wannan datti zai iya haifar da mummunan cutar ga shuka a cikin hunturu, sabili da haka wajibi ne a rabu da shi. Sa'an nan kuma ya kamata ka kirkiro yankin a kan wani bayonet ba cikakke da felu da sai kawai amfani da taki. Zai fi kyau a yi haka kafin digging don ban ruwa, kamar yadda ake amfani da takin mai magani a cikin ruwa.

Ƙara koyo game da dasa, pruning da kula da apples a cikin fall, da kuma yadda za a rufe itacen apple don hunturu.

A cikin kaka, zaka iya yin potassium chloride, dolomite, itace ash, superphosphate. Dosages ga shekaru daban-daban na itace sun bambanta:

1. Ga matasa bishiyoyi (har zuwa shekaru 5), wannan adadi ne 25 kg.
2. Don tsakiyar itatuwan apple (har zuwa shekaru 10), nauyin takin mai magani shine 30-35 kg.
3. Don itatuwan bishiya da yawa (fiye da shekaru 10), wannan jujjuya ya bambanta daga 40 zuwa 50 kg, kamar yadda dattawan suka buƙaci karin kayan gina jiki.

Yana da muhimmanci! A matsayin gona mai laushi, zaka iya yin amfani da ɓarna kawai, sake kwashe kwayoyin halitta, saboda sabo ne da takin gargajiya suna da tsanani ga bishiyoyi, musamman ma matasa, kuma ana iya kone su, saboda da shuka zai mutu a cikin hunturu.

Bayan hadi da kuma digging, mulching ya kamata a gudanar da rotted taki ko humus. Tsire-tsire an hada da potassium sulfate (200 g), magnesium (300 g) da superphosphates (300 g), waɗanda aka haxa da humus.

Zai yiwu a rufe bishiyoyi na itatuwan apple, har zuwa rassan na uku na branching, tare da tolya ko yankakken fir. Wadannan kayan zasu kare kullun da rassan itatuwan apple daga sanyi da maras kwari.

Ciyar da pears

Ayyuka na ciyar da pears a cikin hunturu ma sun fara da kauyen rassan da ba'aso, foliage da na banza auku 'ya'yan itatuwa daga ƙarƙashin kambi, domin yada yankin don digging. Bugu da ari, ana amfani da takin mai magani a cikin nau'i na humus, tare da ƙarin abinci da potassium sulfate, magnesium da superphosphates a cikin rabbai daidai da waɗanda na itacen apple.

Mun bada shawara cewa ku karanta game da yadda za ku dasa ku kuma yanke da pear a cikin fall.

Dole ne a fara riguna na kaka a ƙarshen Satumba, lokacin da sulusin kambi na pear zai juya launin rawaya. A lokaci guda kuma, zaku iya ɗaukar rassan bishiyoyi da lalacewa, tsaftace tsabta daga haushi, gyaran ƙyama da hanyoyi tare da farar lambun, da kuma wankewa don karewa daga kwari.

Yana da muhimmanci! Dole ne ku fahimtar da kanku tare da umarnin don amfani da ƙwayar sinadarai, domin yawan kariyar wuri zai iya zama haɗari ba kawai ga itace ba, har ma don lafiyar mutum, lokacin da za a tara 'ya'yan itatuwa a shekara mai zuwa.

Kusan, game da kilogiram na 5-7 akan kan kayan hawan gwal yana kasaftawa zuwa mita ɗaya na ƙasa a ƙarƙashin itacen. Bisa ga wannan alamar, zaka iya yin lissafi don shekaru daban-daban na pear:

1. Don ƙananan pear (har zuwa shekaru 5), adadin amfani da kayan ado mafi girma zai zama 25-28 kg, tun da matsakaicin yanki na kambi da ƙasa a ƙarƙashinsa, wanda za'a yi masa takin, ya ɗauki kimanin mita 5.
2. Don shekarun tsufa (har zuwa shekaru 10), yawan amfanin taki yana da 35-45 kg, saboda gaskiyar cewa yankin yana da mita 7.
3. Ga tsohuwar pears (fiye da shekaru 10), nauyin nauyin kayan ado zai zama kilo 50-60; yanki - game da mita 10.

Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, a lokacin kaka ciyar da shi wajibi ne don barin nitrogen da takin mai magani. Suna dace ne kawai don ayyukan bazara don yin takin gargajiya.

Muna ba ku shawara don ƙarin koyo game da irin wannan nau'in pears kamar "Bere Bosk", "A cikin ƙwaƙwalwar Yakovlev", "Just Maria", "Talgar kyakkyawa", "Chizhovskaya", "Noyabrskaya", "Duchess Summer", "Veles" "," Klapp's Lover "," Nika "," Fairytale "da" Muscovite ".

Zai fi kyau a zabi kwayoyin da ma'adinai. Hanya mafi kyau don ciyarwa shine a fara gabatar da takin mai magani na ma'adinai mai arziki a cikin calcium da phosphorus, sannan sai kawai ya rufe yankin da aka ƙera da kuma ƙaddara tare da ciyawa daga sassa na peat da humus.

Zai zama da amfani a gare ka ka karanta game da dalilin da ya sa kake bukatar fadar ƙasa.

Har ila yau, wani zaɓi mai kyau don ciyar da pears za a yi amfani da su a cikin ruwa game da lita 20-30 na ruwa. Wannan zai shirya ƙasa da asalin bishiyar don aiwatar da sauri da kuma shafan mota mai amfani da abubuwa macro.

Idan an yi amfani da pears a cikin lokacin hunturu daya, to a cikin bazara, kafin a fara sabon kakar, dole ne a samu dukkan jerin hanyoyin ƙarin ciyarwa.

A cikin jadawalin lambu, wanda a cikin gonar lambu yake girma, yana da daraja yin wadatawa masu zuwa domin bazara:

• marigayi na farko - tare da fara tada kodan;
• na biyu spring - a cikin flowering zamani;
• na uku spring - bayan fall of inflorescences;
• saman kanna na pears a lokacin rani a cikin hanyar foliar - ana gudanar da shi a watan Yuni;
• Ruwa a cikin rani - a Yuli.

Shin kuna sani? Yana nuna cewa 'ya'yan itace mai laushi da m' ya'yan itace zasu iya ƙarfafa ƙarfin enamel. Wannan shi ne saboda kasancewar alamomi a cikin 'ya'yan itace, phosphorus da alli.

Bayan yin irin wannan ƙwayar taki, za ku samar da pears tare da iyakar adadin abubuwan gina jiki.

Top miya cherries

Hakan da aka fi sani da cherries ya fi dacewa da taki na bishiyoyi masu 'ya'ya. Ya kamata a fara a tsakiyar watan Satumba, bayan girbi da kuma farkon rawaya da kuma faduwa da launi.

Da farko, dole ne ka cire duk abin da ba shi da amfani ga itace da kuma kai, wato: rassan bushe da rassan da ke da ƙwayar cuta, ƙananan harbe da ba su taɓa kai tsohon harbe, lichens akan haushi ba. Dole ne ku rufe dukkan ɓarna a kan gefen katako da rassan tare da farar lambun, sa'annan ku cire dukkan tarkace, ciki har da ganye da aka fadi, daga wurin da aka yi niyya.

Na gaba shi ne watering. Ga shuke-shuke matasa, guga daya (lita 10) na ruwa ya isa, kuma bishiyoyi sun fi girma shekaru biyar, 15-20 lita ya kamata a yi amfani dasu.

Shin kuna sani? 'Ya'yan' ya'yan itace ne mai yawan yawan phytoncides, wanda ya dace da tsayayya da ƙwayoyin cuta da kwayoyin. Saboda wannan, zaka iya amfani da ganye a cikin kyawawan kayan lambu lokacin hunturu - wannan ya hana fermentation kuma ya cigaba da rayuwa mai tsami.

Bayan duk aikin da aka shirya, kammala zuwa taki da sauri. Gwada yanki a kusa da itacen ceri (yankin wannan yanki, kamar yadda aka rubuta a baya, ana daidaita da diamita na kambin itacen).

Dole ne a yi aiki a hankali, ba mai zurfi ba, domin a nesa na kimanin 20 cm daga farfajiya na duniya yana tushen tushen tsarin shuka. A matsayin taki, ana amfani dashi da yawa don amfani da halitta, nau'o'in halitta, irin su kaza, manya da humus. Ya kamata a yi amfani da dukkanin kayan aiki a kananan ƙananan, kamar guda guga da kowane itace. Daga maharan masana'antu ba jinsin phosphate ba ne da kuma kayan mai magani, amma daga nitrogen, kamar yadda a wasu lokuta, ya kamata a bar shi har sai bazara.

Har ila yau, ƙarar ya dogara da shekarun itacen:

1. Ga matasa matasa (har zuwa shekaru 5), adadin amfani da kayan ado mafi girma zai zama 16-22 kg.
2. Ga masu shekaru-shekara-shekara (kimanin shekaru 10), yawan adadin amfanin taki shine 25-35 kg.
3. Ga tsohuwar cherries (fiye da shekaru 10), nauyin nauyin kayan ado zai zama kg 38-45.

Yana da muhimmanci! Kayan bishiyoyi sun fi tasiri wajen shawo kan abubuwan da aka gano daga mafita na ruwa. Don shirya irin wannan bayani mai gina jiki da takin wata itace, zaka buƙaci guga na ruwa (lita 10), inda aka rage 3 tablespoons na superphosphate da 2 tablespoons na potassium sulfate - 4 buckets na irin wannan bayani da ake bukata ga kowane itace.

Lokacin da na farko sanyi ya auku, tsarma da 4% urea bayani da kuma fesa da kambi na ceri. Wannan hanyar da kake kare shi daga kwari mai kwari wanda ke jiran damar da za ta yi ciki a cikin haushi kuma ciyar da shi a duk lokacin hunturu. Kuma ko da yake an yi amfani da ceri a matsayin tsire-tsire mai sanyi, ya kamata ka tabbatar da cewa yana da dumi. Sabili da haka, a ƙarƙashin itacen kada ku cire snow, wanda shine rufin halitta kuma yana kare ƙasa da tushen daga sanyi. Bugu da ƙari, yin rufi, spruce rassan ko rarraba needles, da sawdust iya aiki a matsayin mai hita.

Top dressing plums

Tsuntsaye suna kula da yawan canjin yanayi a cikin hunturu, saboda haka suna buƙatar ci gaba da ciyar da su. Bayan girbi da gyaran kambi, ya kamata ka shirya takin gargajiya a cikin adadin da aka lasafta dangane da shekarun itacen:

1. Don ƙwararrun matasan (har zuwa shekaru 5), adadin amfani da kayan ado mafi girma zai zama 10-12 kg, saboda kara yawan ƙwarewa na plum zuwa takin gargajiya.
2. Don cikakkun plum (har zuwa shekaru 10), yawan amfanin taki shine kilogira 25-25, dangane da sikelin kambi (2-3 kilogiram na man shanu ko takin an saka shi a kowace mita mita na ƙasa).
3. Ga tsoffin dabbobi (fiye da shekaru 10), nauyin nauyin kayan kayan ado zai zama 30-40 kg.

Bugu da ƙari, za ka iya haɗa zuwa waɗannan kundin wani 25 g na urea da mita mita. Duk wannan cakuda ya kamata a gina shi don samar da ma'adanai tare da samun dama ga tsarin tushen.

A matsayin gona na musamman, musamman ga itatuwa har zuwa shekaru 3, yana da kyau a yi amfani da takin. Manure yana da yawancin acidity, sabili da haka zai iya ƙone tushen da tushe na jigon turum, yana haddasa mummunar cutar da shi.

Don plums, shi ne mafi alhẽri ba don yin amfani da nitrogen da takin mai magani a cikin kaka. Ya kamata a yi a cikin bazara, kafin flowering.

Ka fahimci asirin tsire-tsire masu tsufa, kazalika da nau'in bishiyoyi masu girbi.

Watering itatuwa

Wasu lambu sun fi son yawanci, amma basu isa yawan amfanin gonar inabin ba. Irin wannan ban ruwa ba wai kawai zai iya amfani da itacen ba, amma kuma zai iya rinjayar shi da kyau. Zai kasance mafi tasiri a ruwa sau daya a mako ko biyu, amma wannan shine ya girgiza duniya a kalla rabin mita. Irin wannan watering zai zama da amfani ga dukan 'ya'yan itace-qazanta itatuwa.

Ga wasu 'yan karin bayanai don tunawa da dacewa a cikin lambun ku:

1. Don ƙananan bishiyoyi (har zuwa shekaru 5), ruwan da ake buƙata yana buƙata 6-8 buckets.
2. Don masu tsufa (har zuwa shekaru 10), wannan adadi yana ƙaruwa zuwa 10-12 buckets.
3. Don tsofaffin mambobi na gonar (fiye da shekaru 10), kuna buƙatar 14-16 buckets.

Yana da muhimmanci! Idan yashi sanduna a kan shafinku, ya fi dacewa da ruwa a wannan lambun sau da yawa, amma a cikin kananan kundin. Idan ƙasa tana da nau'i na yumbu mai nauyi, gonar ya kamata a cika shi da ruwa da wuya, amma yawanci.

Akwai hanyoyi da dama don shayar da bishiyoyi, amma kayan lambu mafi kyau yana samuwa yana yin yanki ko yin yankan itace kusa da zobe sannan kuma ya kafa ƙasa ta gefen gefuna. Wannan zane zai ba da damar ruwa ya tsaya a hankali kuma ya fara zurfafawa cikin zurfin ƙasa, zuwa ga tushen bishiyar. Saboda haka, a lokacin da kake kula da gonar, kana buƙatar la'akari da cewa kowace irin itace itace mutum kuma yana buƙatar hankalinka. Kula duk shawarwarin da aka ƙayyade a cikin umarnin don takin mai magani, da kuma sigogi don lissafta takin gargajiya, zaka iya samar da gonarka tare da duk abin da kake bukata don hunturu mai sanyi da sabuwar kakar.