Kusan kowane ɗayanmu, ya sake rushe gidansa mai zafi tare da nau'o'in magungunan kashe qwari, tunani game da yadda mutane ke magance haɗari da kwari da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire kafin bayyanar agrochemicals. A baya, yanayi ya taimaka musu a cikin wannan tsari na zabin yanayi: ya haɓaka haɗuwa da haɗuwa da tsire-tsire. Abin da ya sa a yau yaudarar da ake amfani da ita don kare gonar da gonar da kwari ya zama sananne: an yi maganin magungunan mutane bisa ga girke-girke na yanayi. Ka yi la'akari da mafi yawan hanyoyin da ake amfani da su na kula da kumbuka tare da taimakon kayayyakin aiki (sabulu, zuma, soda, vinegar, gishiri, sugar, mustard foda, da sauransu).
Tar sab
Daya daga cikin kwari mafi yawan dabbobi don aphids a kan tsire-tsire shi ne sabulu. Amfaninsa ya kasance a cikin nau'ikan abu mai mahimmanci: a cikin sabulu na sabawa an kara Birch tar. Wannan taruwa shine kayan aiki mai mahimmanci domin adana shuke-shuke daga kwari, yana da mahimmanci wajen aiwatar da kawar da aphids da tururuwa. Abinda ke fama da shi shine cewa sun jure wa aphids kuma suna shafar sababbin sababbin shuke-shuke. Akwai da yawa girke-girke dafa abinci "goodies" don kwari ta amfani da sabulu sabulu.
- Abinda ya fi dacewa - 60 g na sabulu da aka haxa da ruwa (lita 10). Irin wannan cakuda na iya yaduwa cutar yankunan, ko wanke saman daga cikin rassan Berry bushes. Amma yana da daraja tunawa da cewa za'a iya aiwatar da irin wadannan hanyoyin ba bayan bayan flowering na amfanin gona, tun a mataki na samar da samfurori da girkewa, hanya zai iya cutar da mutumin da zai cinye amfanin gona: sabulu kanta kanta mai guba ne. Zaka iya tattara irin wannan magani a cikin kwalabe kuma sanya su cikin rawanin bishiyoyi masu cututtukan. Irin wannan maganin, amma tare da yin amfani da sabulu tarwat din sulfur zai taimaka wajen fitar da kwarin gwal na pear.
- Don magance aphids a kan bishiyoyi, an shawarce shi don shirya wannan magani: Mix 10 lita na ruwa, 500 g na itace ash, 50 g na tafarnuwa minced da 50 g na ƙasa Tura sabulu. Shirya cakuda don kula da fi na cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan. Wannan ya kamata a yi nan da nan bayan flowering, ba daga baya ba. Ƙanshin da wannan samfurin ya bar yana ba da damar samun kwari.
- Wadannan abubuwa masu dacewa da sahihanci da lafiya zasu taimaka wajen rabu da aphids: 200 g of crushed ganye na bushe taba za a iya hade daga 2 yankakken m barkono da kuma zuba 10 lita na ruwa. Dole ne ku jira awa 24 don maganin infuse. Bayan ƙarshen rana ƙara 40 g na naman sabulu da itace ash. Yada wuraren da aka shafa tare da cakuda.
Shin kuna sani? Ƙarfin al'ajabi na sabin sabulu yana shafewa da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi, wanda kawai ya ƙaruwa tare da sauran kayan aikin kwari masu kwari. Abincin ƙanshi yana fusatar da kwari, ba su tsaya shi ba sai su bar 'itace' '' ƙauyuka ko daji.
Lafaran wanki
Hanyoyin aikin wankewar wanki yana da yawa: wannan samfurori marar lahani yana taimakawa wajen kawar da aphids, gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, tsutsotsi masu tsari, caterpillars, cututtuka na fungal, musamman, kayan gwiwar launin toka. Ba abin mamaki bane, yin amfani da sabulu a cikin noma ne sananne tun lokacin da aka kirkiro shi. Yi amfani da sabulu yana nufin yana iya kula da kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itace, na cikin gida da kuma kayan noma.
Kwararrun lambu sun bada shawarar magance kwari tare da taimakon bayani mai zuwa: Grate 150-300 g sabulu kuma tsoma cikin ruwan zafi don kaucewa lumps, sannan ku zuba cakuda a cikin akwati da aka cika da lita 10 na ruwa kuma ku haɗa sosai. A sakamakon haka, dole a samu bayani mai kyau, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don biyan dacha. Zai yiwu a yad da amfanin gona tare da wannan magani a kowane lokaci, sai dai lokacin flowering. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayar sabuwar shuka ba za a iya bi da shi da wannan kayan aiki ba. Don dalilai na prophylaxis, an shawarta don shafe ganye da kuma matasa harbe tare da sabulu da ruwa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ko da kayi sabunta sabulu cikin rabo daga 1: 500, kwaminis zai shafe 90% na aphids. Gaskiyar ita ce, a cikin abun da ke tattare da sabulu da yawa mai yawa acid, musamman acid caproic, wanda nan take neutralizes aphids.
Vinegar
Vinegar kanta ne maganin antiseptik. A cikin aikin lambu ana amfani da su azaman magani, herbicide da fungicide.
Don 'yantar da tsire-tsire daga ƙananan kwari, kamar tururuwa, yana da isa kawai don yaduwa talakawa vinegar a kusa da su. Bugu da ƙari, vinegar yana jin tsoro sosai game da katantanwa. Kuma ko da magoya bayan lambu sun sani game da mummunan cutar daga mamayewa na maciji. Don katantanwa, vinegar shine wani abu kamar guba. Amma wajibi ne don shayar da vinegar tare da kulawa, saboda yana da ikon herbicide kuma zai iya halakar wasu albarkatun gona (alal misali, sage).
Tare da taimakon vinegar da mustard, za ka iya rabu da mu da Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro.
A bayani na vinegar ne mai iko kayan aiki ga aphids a kan 'ya'yan itace amfanin gona. Asirin dafa abinci mai sauqi ne: 1-2 tbsp. l vinegar diluted a lita 10 na ruwa. Sakamakon za a bayyane bayan jinji na farko, amma masu fama da kwarewa sun ba da shawarar sake maimaita hanya sau 2-3. Idan tsire-tsire a cikin lambunku suna fama da cututtuka na fungal, dole ne a yadu su tare da bayani na lita 4 na takin mai magani da 2 tbsp. l vinegar.
Yana da muhimmanci! Magunguna acetic zai zama tasiri kawai idan an sake maimaita su bayan kowace ruwan sama.
Nashi
An yi amfani da ƙoda da yawa tushen taki. Saboda amfani da abun ciki na ciki (silicium, magnesium), jigon alli ne mai amfanin gona mai amfani wanda aka dasa a kan kasa mai acid. Yana hana faduwar ovaries na plum da ceri, waɗanda aka dasa a kan ƙasa mai yalwa.
Yi ado da kanka tare da tebur na acid acid wanda shine mafi kyau ga amfanin gonar lambu da gonar.
Musamman mahimmanci shine maganin ƙasa tare da alli a lokacin dasa shuki na seedlings, tun da irin wannan nauyin yanayin ya taimaka wa seedling suyi dacewa da sababbin yanayi, ƙarfafa kariya, da kare kariya daga kwayoyin cutar.
Don shirya "magani" daga alli ne mai sauki. Dole ne a narke cikin guga na ruwa 1 tbsp. l alli, ƙasa zuwa foda. Tsarin ruwa ya zama dole don 10-12 days. Tsarawa tare da irin wannan jiko shine magani mai mahimmanci ga aphids, amma sau da yawa yakan janyo hankalin mutane da yawa, wanda ba a ke so.
Ƙananan baƙar fata da ja
Black baki da barkono barkono shine wani kyakkyawan magani na gida a cikin gonar. Zaka iya shirya yakin da baƙi marasa amfani, kawai yada barkono a cikin hanya bayan ban ruwa na ƙasa. Ƙanshi na barkono nan take ya tsorata kabeji kwari da ƙuma beetles daga radish. Zai kuma fitar da mice da slugs daga shafinku.
Don magance yawan dankalin turawa na Colorado, aphids, har ma fungal cututtuka, kana buƙatar shirya jigilar: 3 tbsp. l ƙasa ja barkono diluted a 0.5 lita na ruwan zafi da kuma barin na dare. 10 g na shirya infused mayar da hankali bayani da kuma 5 g na sabulu a cikin ƙasa ƙara 1 guga na ruwa. Gwajiyar wannan magani na mutãne don magance mamayewa masu kwari.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ya kamata a tuna cewa satar ƙasa gaba daya bayan "hanyoyin maganin magani" ba a bada shawara ba, kamar yadda barkono zai iya shiga cikin ƙasa kuma ya ƙone tushen asalin.
Doard foda
Yin amfani da mustard foda a cikin lambu ba wata hanya ce mai mahimmanci ta hanyar kare muhalli daga "marasa amfani". Ana iya amfani da shi da kansa kuma a cikin broths tare da wasu marasa kwari na gida.
Don sauri da kuma high quality-cutdown on slugs, dole ne ku yayyafa mustard foda tsakanin layuka.
Don tsayar da hare-hare na goberi da wuta da sawflies a kan bishiyoyi bushes zai taimaka mustard foda jiko. Don shirye-shirye da za ku buƙaci:
- 100 g na mustard foda;
- Lita 10 na ruwa;
- 40 g na sabin wanki.
Dole ne a kara wajibi ne na ruwa-mustard don kwanaki 2, to, kuyi kuma ku tsayar da sabulu a ciki. Yayyafa shrubs shawarar a farkon rabin rani. Irin wannan jiko yana da tasiri a cikin yaki da ganyayyaki na cin nama da kuma kullun apple na apple a kan bishiyoyi, wanda dole ne a yadu don 15-20 days bayan karshen flowering.
Mustard bayani zai kuma fitar da tafi da aphids, bedbugs da thrips daga kabeji da tushen amfanin gona.
Shin kuna sani? A Danmark, ana amfani da mustard ba kawai a cikin ɗakin abinci da gonar ba. An yi imanin cewa wannan samfurin yana kawo farin ciki. Saboda haka, Danes ya watsa mustard a kusa da gidan da gonar don yin farin ciki da kuma fitar da mugayen sojojin.
Soda
Soda na yau da kullum, wadda ta wanzu a cikin abincin kowane ɗakin mata, tare da sauran abubuwa, wani kwari ne mai karfi. Yin amfani da soda a gonar yana daya daga cikin hanyoyin mafi sauki kuma mafi muni.
Ta haka ne, soda bayani (1 kofin da guga na ruwa) ana amfani dasu a cikin rigakafi da magani na powdery mildew a kan currant da guzberi bushes. Idan albarkatunku sun bugu da aphids, shirya wadannan "biyan" don irin wannan baƙo: tsallaka 75 g na soda a cikin lita 10 na ruwa. Zaka iya fesa duk bishiyoyi da bushes. Wannan "maganin" zai fitar da zane, da kuma taimakawa wajen kawar da cututtukan fungal.
Ana amfani da shirye-shirye na aikin magani a aikin gona da noma: aidin, m kore, potassium permanganate, ammoniya, hydrogen peroxide.
Salt
Ana amfani da gishiri a aikin lambu a matsayin taki; shi ya haifar da ci gaba da tsire-tsire ta hanyar shigar da kayan abinci mai yawa da tushen tsarin.
Maganin gishiri (1 kofin da guga na ruwa) ana sani da sunadarai mai guba wanda zai iya kawar da powdery mildew a kan currant da guzberi bushes, dasa albasa, da kuma cututtuka na fungal akan bishiyoyi. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa sprinkling bishiyoyi masu amfani da gishiri gishiri za a iya aiwatar da su zuwa mataki na furannin buds: gishiri yana ƙone ganye. Don kawar da tururuwa da slugs, an bada shawara a zuba gishiri a tsakanin layuka na albarkatu daga shafin.
Yana da muhimmanci! Samun hanyoyin gishiri a gonar, yana da muhimmanci a koyi abun da ke cikin sinadarai na samfurin. Koda a makarantun ilimin kimiyya, an bayyana cewa gishiri ya hada da chlorine da sodium, wanda ke kawar da alli daga ƙasa. A sakamakon haka, kasar gona tana tasowa kuma ta zama mai ruwa, kayan abinci a irin wannan yanayi ba su shiga tsarin tushen ba. Sakamakon shine chlorosis da shuka bushewa.
Sugar
Sugar abu mai dadi ne ba kawai ga mutane ba, har ma ga kwari. Abin da ya sa wannan samfurin yana amfani dashi azaman Bait don kwari.
Alal misali, shine sukari wanda ke taimakawa wajen kawar da murfin kabeji wanda ya zauna a gidan gidan rani - ko kuma maimakon haka, lokacin farin ciki sugar syrup. Dole ne a zuba Syrup a cikin saucers ko wasu kwantena, kuma ƙara dan yisti kadan zuwa gare shi. Abun iya shirya a yankunan da malam buɗe ido ke zaune. Don yada ƙanshi na furotin, an sanya koto a kan tuddai. Cabbage miyan ba zai dauki doguwar jira ba: suna gaggawa zuwa ga wariyar syrup kuma suna makale. Hakan yana da sauki da fushi zaka iya ajiye amfanin gona daga kwari mai cutarwa. Wannan girke-girke yana dacewa da yaki da wasps, wanda ya kawo matsala ga mai kulawa.
Honey
A cikin abun da ke ciki na zuma aka samo gina jiki na gina jiki. Abin da ya sa aka yi amfani da infusions na zuma lokacin da aka dasa shuki. Yi amfani sosai da shuka amfanin gona a cikin zuma (1-2 tbsp L. Honey a cikin guga na ruwa). Wannan hanya tana taimakawa wajen daidaita kayan aikin gona zuwa ƙasa, rayuwar rayuwa, ingantacciyar ci gaba da tsarin tsarin al'ada da cikakken ci gaba.
Yana da muhimmanci! Wannan jiko yana da shawara don yaduwa bishiyoyi, 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu a lokacin flowering. Wannan dabarar ta jawo ƙudan zuma da sauran pollinators kuma yana taimaka wajen kara yawan amfanin gonar.
A cikin yaki da kwari, zuma, kamar sukari, ana amfani da shi azaman koto. Shirye-shiryen syrup da hanya don samun karin kwari a kan koto mai amfani da zuma yana kama da hanyar da sukari. Kamar yadda kake gani, akwai mataimakan mutane da dama a cikin gidanka don tsara yaki da kwari da sauran kwari na amfanin gona. Sabili da haka, ba lallai ba ne a kowane lokaci ya zama dole don tafiya zuwa shaguna don sayan agrochemicals don gonar. Zaka iya sauko kawai akan kwarewar mutane da kuma amfani da shi. Bayan haka, yin amfani da magunguna ta amfani da kayan gida (vinegar, gishiri, sukari, sabulu, da dai sauransu) yana da aminci fiye da ku da tsire-tsire fiye da amfanin agrochemicals.
