Strawberry yana daya daga cikin ni'imomin da suka fi son zafi, yana bukatar kulawa da taki sosai. Amma ba duk lambu suna da damar saya taki don strawberries, kuma dole ne ka fita tare da taimakon kayan girke-girke da aka sani. Wannan labarin ya bayyana mafi kyawun magunguna mafi kyau ga amfanin gona mai kyau na strawberries.
Features ciyar da strawberries a spring
Strawberry wata shuka ne mai matukar muhimmanci kuma yana da bukatar taki a cikin bazara lokacin da ta fara girma. Daga cikin muhimman siffofin ciyar da strawberries a cikin bazara sune wadannan:
- Mun fara yin taki a farkon rabin watan Afrilu, lokacin da barazanar ragowar ruwa mai sanyi ya wuce. Idan kun yi taki a baya, to, bishiyoyi zasu cigaba da girma kuma zasu ɓace a farkon sanyi.
- Kafin yin wajibi don tsabtace bishiyoyi da yankin da suke girma. Bayan da dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, mun cire rufi, tsohuwar ciyawa, ganye da dukan datti wanda zai iya bayyana a shafin a lokacin hunturu. Yanke tsoffin ganye da antennae na strawberries zuwa tushen.
- Muna ƙasa da ƙasa a kan shafin kuma, musamman, a ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi zuwa zurfin mita 5-8. Mun bar wuyan wuyansa wanda dukkanin matakan ke tafiya, 0.5 cm sama da ƙasa don kare matakan juyawa da juyawa.
- Tare da ciyarwa na farko zaka iya amfani da hanyoyin don rigakafin cututtuka da kuma kwari - 'yan masoya' ya'yan strawberry: tururuwa, cockchafer, mites strawberry, slugs, da dai sauransu. A nan Fitoverm, Akrofit ko Fitosporin za su yi.
- Muna shayar da tsire-tsire tare da takin mai magani, kuma an kawo busassun bishiyoyin daji a cikin rassan na 5-7 cm, tare da ƙasa tare da zurfin mita 8. Bayan nan da nan zuba ruwa mai yawa a kanta.
- Zaka iya takin hanyar hanyar foliar, yayyafa shuka daga fure. Amma a nan yana da muhimmanci a san cewa abubuwa masu aiki, irin su calcium, jan ƙarfe, ƙarfe da boron, suna ɗauka cikin hankali kuma suna tafiya zuwa ga tushen. Saboda kana buƙatar yin yaduwa sosai, ba tare da barin kujerun komai ba. Ana gudanar da wannan hanya a cikin rashin iska maraice a maraice.
- Gyara strawberry yana buƙatar ciyar da kowane mako 1-2.
Shin kuna sani? Strawberries ne mai karfi antioxidant, kuma 100 g na berries dauke da abinci kullum na bitamin C ga mutane.
Magunguna
Bayan kammala dukkan hanyoyin da suka dace daga abu na 1, za mu zaɓi hanyar da yafi dacewa don kanmu kuma mu ci gaba da takin takin.
Ciyar da mullein
Korovyak yana daya daga cikin mafi kyaun takin duniya don strawberries, yawan amfanin ƙasa ya karu da 40-50%. Ya ƙunshi dukan micro da Macronutrients wajibi ne don shuka: magnesium, calcium, potassium, phosphorus da nitrogen, kuma a cikin karamin adadin kuma jan karfe, zinc, cobalt, boron da molybdenum. Korovyak yana da kyau saboda sakin wadannan abubuwa ya faru a hankali, kuma tasirin taki ya ci gaba da dogon lokaci.
Akwai 4 nau'o'in mullein:
- Litter mullein - Wannan shi ne cakuda shanu da shanu ko bambaro, wanda aka sanya su a ciki. Yana da arziki a cikin potassium da phosphorus kuma yana da kyau don samar da takin da kuma takin shafukan yanar gizo a cikin fall.
- Undepleted mullein - saka makon shigar ruwa na matsakaici mai yawa, mai arziki a cikin nitrogen, wanda shine 50-70% na duka taro. Mafi dacewa don yin ruwa na mullein, don amfanin gonar lambu da itatuwa.
- Alkama mai ruwa shine ƙaddamar taki mai yawa da nitrogen da potassium. Ana yin amfani da ruwa da ruwa don amfani da shi kawai kuma ana amfani dashi ne kawai a cikin jihar fermented.
- Cow Mullein an sayar da shi a cikin masana'antu, an sayar da shi a cikin kwalabe na daban-daban na tafiya ko a cikin hanyar busassun foda don dilution da ruwa.
Don strawberries, tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire ne mafi dacewa don sarrafa strawberries sau biyu a cikin bazara, tare da yin ruwa tare da ruwa a wani rabo na 1:15:- A farkon kakar shuka girma tare da Bugu da ƙari na 0.25 Art. urea da 0.5 tbsp. ash;
- A lokacin flowering ko budding.
Chicken droppings
Chicken dung - arziki sosai da caustic taki, tare da babbar nitrogen abun ciki. Ana yin gyare-gyare mafi kyau a farkon ci gaba da shuka, tun lokacin da taki yayi marigayi, zaka iya samun karamin amfanin gona tare da karamin girman strawberries.
Akwai nau'o'in kaji iri uku:
- Liquid bayani Yi kashi 1 na kaza da kuma kashi 30-40 na ruwa. Zuba a kan wannan cakuda na jere-jere na strawberry.
- Dry droppings an kawo shi, a matsayin mai mulki, a cikin kaka, amma an warwatse a cikin ɗaki mai mahimmanci da ɗayan, wanda aka haɗe shi da yashi ko peat.
- Granulated Chicken Dung - hanya mafi dacewa don takin strawberries, domin ba shi da wani wari mai ban sha'awa kuma yana da sauƙin amfani. Ya isa ya watse 200-300 g na pellets da 1 mita na mãkirci, ya hana su daga hulɗa da bishiyoyi strawberry. Mafi kyaun amfani da ƙasa mai tsabta ko bayan ruwan sama.
Don shirye-shirye na ruwa takin bayani a kan guga na dumi dudduba ruwa, 500-600 g na kaza taki ya ishe. Dama da cakuda sosai da kuma zuba a cikin wani watering iya. Ruwa da strawberry aisles ba kusa da 5-6 cm zuwa bushes. Taki amfani - wani matsakaita na 12 lita da 15-20 bushes. Bayan da ake buƙata ruwa da ruwa tare da ruwa mai tsabta don kaucewa saduwa da ganye da kuma mai tushe.Yana da muhimmanci! Kada ka wuce magunguna masu adana da ake amfani da shi, tun da ƙananan ƙwayar wannan taki zai haifar da ƙanshin ganyayyaki da asalin shuka kuma zai iya kawo karshen lalata.
Amfani da humus
An samo Humus daga cakuda dabbobin sharar gida tare da bambaro ko ciyawar bushe, wanda aka yi amfani da shi azaman kwanciya. Mai arziki a cikin abubuwan da aka gano kamar calcium, magnesium, potassium, nitrogen da phosphorus. An gabatar da shi a farkon spring a farkon kakar girma, a lokacin loosening na ƙasa a karkashin strawberries.
Yana da mahimmanci don yin bayani mai kyau na humus don sakamako mai kyau da kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa. Don yin wannan, za mu tsallaka kilogiram 2.5 na taki a cikin lita 8 na ruwan tsabta mai tsabta a cikin guga da kuma haɗuwa sosai. Dole ne a raba wannan bayani don kwanaki 2-3 a wuri mai dumi, don haka ammoniya da uric acid zasu iya fitowa.
Amma don taki wannan bayani yana da hankali sosai, kuma dole ne a sake sake shi da ruwa. Don yin wannan, zamu dauki kashi 1 na bayani don 4-5 lita na ruwa, kuma yanzu tare da wannan cakuda mu ruwa bishiyoyi a madaidaicin lita 10 a 1 mota.
Ƙwayar taki da sauran tsire-tsire
Yin amfani da takin mai magani daga tsirrai da wasu tsire-tsire za a iya kira ainihin elixir waraka don strawberries. Za a iya samun Nettle a kowane shafin kuma tarinsa ba zai dauki ƙoƙari da lokaci ba. Ya ƙunshi 35% potassium, 40% alli, 6% magnesium, da kuma Vitamin K1, wanda yake da muhimmanci ga strawberries, wanda inganta da photosynthesis na shuka da kuma warkar da shi a cikin wani m hanya.
Tare da shiri mai kyau, za ka sami samfurin nagari mai kyau:
- yana da muhimmanci a tattara ƙwayoyin cuta kafin bayyanar tsaba a cikinta;
- yana da muhimmanci a zabi shuke-shuke lafiya ba tare da lalacewa ba;
- An yanka shi sosai da guga da ruwa mai tsabta;
- an warware matsalar ta zuwa rana ko a wuri mai dumi don gaggauta tsarin tsarin narkewa;
- 2 sau a rana kana buƙatar haɗuwa da jiko;
- tsarki jiko an mayar da hankali da kuma diluted kafin ciyar da ruwa a wani rabo na 1:10;
- Ana amfani da taki daga farkon kakar sau 2 a wata;
- bayan kowace ciyar da wannan shiri tare da strawberries an zuba yalwa da ruwa.
Shin kuna sani? Yin amfani da taki ƙwayar ƙwayar yana ƙãra adadin earthworms, wanda, a general, yana da tasiri mai tasiri akan ƙasa a ƙarƙashin strawberries.
Gurasa a matsayin taki don strawberries
Gurasa mai burodi cikakke ne kamar abinci na strawberry, kamar yadda ya dace sosai da ciyar da yisti. Wannan taki:
- ne mai girma na halitta stimulant;
- qara yawan rayuwa da rigakafi na shuka, wanda ke da mahimmanci a cikin yanayi mai tsanani ko yanayi mara kyau da takin mai magani;
- Ƙarfafa tushen tsarin shuka;
- ƙara ƙarfin juriya na strawberries zuwa cututtuka.
Gurasar da gurasar ya zama cikin kashi guda 2 cm kuma ana zuba su da ruwa a guga ko ganga, suna rufe gurasa gaba daya. Dole ne a rufe wannan abun da ke ciki tare da murfi domin gurasar ba ta tashi, da kuma sanya shi tsawon makonni 1-2 a wuri mai dumi don fermentation.An magance matsalar ta sosai da kuma diluted tare da dilution na 1:10 kafin ciyar. Zuba ruwan 'ya'yan itace strawberry tare da wannan cakuda, doning karamin adadin karkashin tushen.
Hawan tsafi tare da toka
Wood ash yana daya daga cikin takin mai magani mai mahimmanci da amfani don strawberries a cikin lambu. Yana da arziki a cikin potassium, phosphorus, lemun tsami har ma da dukan adadin abubuwan da aka gano don shuka, wanda ya sa berries da yawa suyi kuma ƙara yawan ajiyar lokaci.
Akwai hanyoyi biyu don amfani da itace ash:
- A lokacin da aka fara yaduwa da ƙwayar ƙasa wadda aka yayyafa shi da wani abu mai sanyi na ash kuma ya shayar da shi.
- A cikin hanyar ruwa, zubar da gilashin ash tare da 1 l na ruwan zafi kuma saka shi a wuri mai dumi na dare. Kashegari, tsarke shi a guga na ruwa da kuma bishiyoyi a rabon 1 l da 1 m² ana shayar da wannan bayani.
Yisti miya
Ka'idodin gyaran yisti na yisti daidai yake da na gurasa ɗaya, kawai hanyar dafa abinci:
- A fakitin rayuwa yisti 1 kg diluted da 5 lita na dumi ruwa da Mix sosai. Yanzu sake dilute da ruwa a cikin wani rabo na 0.5 lita na mayar da hankali jiko zuwa 10 lita na ruwa.
- Sauran yisti mai sauƙin yisti tare da karamin adadin ruwan dumi tare da kariyar 2 tablespoons na sukari da kuma Mix da kyau. Na gaba, an shafe ruwan magani tare da lita 10 na ruwa, kuma zaka iya rigaya fara ruwa da bishiyoyi a tushen.
Yana da muhimmanci! Yayin da ake ciyar da yisti yana aiki ne kawai a cikin yanayi mai dumi, wato, za ku iya ciyar da kasar gona kawai da ke haskakawa da rana, da kuma tsarma - ruwa mai dumi.
Rawanin madara mai gurasa
Wannan samfurin gargajiya ya danganta ne akan gaskiyar cewa strawberries sun fi son ƙwayoyin acidic, kuma hakan ya sa ƙasa ta kasance, kuma yana dauke da adadi mai yawa irin su sulfur, nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, da kuma dukkanin muhimman amino acid. Sau da yawa, ana amfani da magani don wannan dalili, wanda aka shafe shi da ruwa a cikin kashi 1:10 kuma an shayar da shi a karkashin wani daji.
Strawberries za su amsa da gaske don ciyar da foliar tare da wannan magani a matsayin mai kyau prophylactic da fungi da sauran cututtuka.
Mafi kyawun madara mai madara mai ƙwayar taki yana haɗuwa tare da taki, mullein ko kaza.
Shin kuna sani? Don rabu da mu strawberries daga strawberries da kuma mites, manufa ne ruwa diluted madara, wanda aka fesa tare da bushes.
Mene ne mafi alhẽri: ma'adinai ko takin gargajiya
Tambaya a kan mafi kyawun taki don strawberries - ma'adinai ko kwayoyin - har yanzu ana gudanar da shi ta hanyar lambu da masana kimiyya. Bayan haka, kowannensu yana da wadata da kuma kwarewa:
Takin gargajiya:
- suna da rai mai tsawo kuma suna ɓoye zuwa abubuwa masu sauki don shekara ɗaya ko fiye;
- inganta tsarin ƙasa, kara girman humus a ciki;
- yana dauke da kwayoyin halitta da kwayoyin da ke warkar da ƙasa ta jiki;
- amma tare da karuwa a cikin nauyin da ake buƙata, kashi na nitrates a cikin shuka kuma a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa ya karu.
- shawo mai saurin aiwatar da mineralization da sha ta tsire-tsire.
- sauki don amfani;
- yana yiwuwa a zabi wani hadaddun tare da rashin kashi guda cikin ƙasa;
- kada ku shafar kayan aikin injiniya na ƙasa;
- amma tare da haɓaka mai yawa zai iya cutar da ƙananan strawberries da kuma shafin duka;
- da sauri wanke daga ƙasa.
Yanzu ku san lokacin da yadda za a yi takin gargajiya a cikin bazara, kuma kawai inganci da yawa na girbi na irin wannan dadi mai dadi ya dogara ne akan yadda kuka zabi da kuma dacewa wajen samin amfanin gona.
