Echinocereus kyakkyawa ne mai kyau kuma mai cikakkiyar nasara daga dangin Cactus. Wani fasalin halayen ɗan gwaiwa ƙayayuwa ne a cikin nau'ikan gizo-gizo, waɗanda ke rufe ba kawai mai tushe ba, har ma da fruitsan fruitsan ƙananan. A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, ana iya samun cactus a cikin gandun daji na tsauni a kan iyakar Amurka da Mexico. Wannan tsire-tsire masu cute suna ado gidan tare da kara mai ado da kyawawan furanni, saboda haka ana son ƙaunatattun yan lambu musamman.
Bayanin Shuka
Cactus echinocereus yana da zagaye ko columnar, maimakon haka gajeriyar kara. Yawancin matakai na gewaye sun bayyana akan sa. Tsawon laushi mai tsinkaye, wani lokacin tsararren masauki shine 15-60 cm. Fentin fata yana fentin launin launin toka-kore. A hankali, tushe daga tushe yana iya zama launin ruwan kasa-launin shuɗi.
An rufe gangar jikin da haƙarƙarin riba a cikin adadin 5-21 raka'a. Arewacin arean Adam suna da yawa daga haƙarƙarinsa. M spines na iya zama dogaye ko gajarta, su tsage ta daga tushe ko a haɗa su. A cikin areola, za'a iya samun allura 3-30 zuwa 10 cm tsayi.
Furanni na iya samarwa koda akan tsire-tsire matasa. Budsoshin fure ba ya bayyana a cikin areola kanta, kamar yawancin cacti, amma kusa da shi. Ganyen nama yana tsage kuma wani babban tubular fure ya bayyana. Girman daskararren ƙararrawa shine cm 1.9-15 cm petayoyin karara suna lanƙwasa baya kuma a ɗan juya. Furen furanni ana fentin launin kore, ja, ruwan hoda ko tabarau mai rawaya. Echinocereus ya fitar da babban ƙanshin citrus yayin fure. Babban abin da ya ƙunshi ya ƙunshi ɓarna na dogon stamens da kwai. Ko da a waje na furen fure wasu gajeru ne sosai.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari a cikin ƙananan ƙananan an rufe su da m, fata mai launin fata tare da kashin baya da yawa. Diamita daga cikin 'ya'yan itace shine 1-3.5 cm Juƙaɗɗen ƙwayar kayan yaji ya ƙunshi ƙananan tsaba. Yana fitar da dandano mai santsi na strawberry, wanda ake kira Echinocereus da ake kira strawberry hedgehog. Ana iya cin 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Iri Echinocereus
Iyalin suna da kusan nau'ikan 70 waɗanda suka dace don namo gida. Yawancin shagunan fure suna ba da kasida na echinocereus, wanda ke gabatar da duk nau'ikan da hotunan waɗannan cacti. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen yin zaɓe na ƙarshe da yin sayayya.
Echinocereus crest. Itace tana da karar silili tare da saman da take zagaye. Tsawonsa baya wuce 20 cm tare da faɗin of 3 cm cm 3. An rufe saman dutsen da madogara mai faɗi a cikin adadin 20-30. Radial, gajeren hancin kusan an matse su da tushe kuma ƙirƙirar tsari na musamman akan farjinta. A ko'ina cikin furannin furanni masu fure tare da diamita na 6 cm an kafa su a cikin ɓangaren sama na harba.The petals masu ruwan hoda kuma sannu a hankali suna haske zuwa ainihin.
Echinocereus Reichenbach. Cylindrical duhu kore mai tushe overgrow tare da yawa duhu kore harbe. Ganga kusan tsayin 25 cm ne kuma faɗin faɗin cm 9. Har zuwa 19 a tsaye ko haƙarƙarin rijiyoyin suna a farfajiya. Areoles ya kunshi lafiyayyen abinci da fari mai launin shuɗi. Dan kadan mai lankwasa, allurar allurar ta fito ta dukkan kwatance. An yi saman saman tushe tare da manyan furanni ruwan hoda ko shunayya masu yaduwa da yawansu ya kai cm 10. Ra'ayin ya hada da nau'ikan kayan ado:
- armatus - kara tare da haƙarƙarin 20 a tsaye an rufe shi da bunƙasa mai tsawo (har zuwa 3 cm) dogo mai launin ruwan kasa-ƙasa;
- baileyi - tushe an rufe shi da wasu hadadden rareafa na dogayen lafaye da babba (har zuwa 12 cm a diamita) furanni;
- albispinus - daskararren silili mai tsayi zuwa 15 cm tsayi ne ya zama abin cike da ɗamara tare da guntun allurai da aka matse har zuwa gindin. An yi saman saman da furanni masu launin shuɗi tare da diamita na 6-7 cm.
Echinocereus tricuspid. An bambanta shuka ta hanyar mai tushe mai siffar maras nauyi, wanda aka fadada hankali. A kan launin toka-kore harbi akwai manyan hakarkarin 5-12 tare da gajeren hancin. A cikin katako, akwai dozin dozin radial mai launin rawaya da kusan allurai huɗu masu duhu.
Echinocereus mafi wuya - kyakkyawan shuka. Fushinta na columnar ya haɗu zuwa 30 cm tsayi kuma har zuwa 10 cm faɗi, fenti kore mai duhu kuma an rufe shi da haƙarƙarin 15-23 a tsaye. Curvedan gajeren wando mai laushi suna matsawa ga fata kuma suna samar da kyakkyawan fat, scallop shafi. Alluhunan na iya zama fari-fari ko ruwan hoda.
Echinocereus mara daidaituwa. Dankin yana da halin ɗan gajeren lokaci sosai. A kan kararren silsila mai haske, haƙarƙarinsa ana iya ganinsu cikin adadin zuwa raka'a 11. Rare areoles ya ƙunshi gajeren allurai na azurfa 3-8 zuwa tushe. Tsawon su shine 1-7 mm. A cikin ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓangaren tushe akwai manyan furanni masu launin rawaya tare da diamita na 12 cm.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Sake bugun echinocereus mai yiwuwa ne ta hanyar shuka iri da kuma tushen tafiyar matakai a kaikaice. Yankin shuka yana ba ku damar samun yawan tsire-tsire nan da nan, amma asarar halaye na ɗabi'a mai yiwuwa ne. Kafin dasawa har tsawon wata guda, ana ƙaddamar da tsaba a cikin sassaucin sanyi a cikin firiji a zazzabi na + 4 ... +5 ° C. An sown a cikin rigar yashi kuma an rufe shi da fim. Ana adana kwandon a cikin wani wuri mai dumama, ana samunsa a kai a kai tare da sanyaya shi. Harbe yana bayyana tsakanin makonni 2-3. Manyan tsire-tsire da suka yi girma sun yi huɗa kuma su dasa a cikin ƙaramin tukwane ko kuma babban kwandon gama gari da ƙasa domin cacti.
Processesarancin matakai ana yin su ne a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren gangar jikin echinocereus. An ware su a hankali kuma an bushe su har tsawon kwanaki 2-3. Lokacin da fim ɗin ɓoyayye a kan yanke, zaku iya tura ɗan ƙaramin itace a cikin ƙasa mai yashi. Har sai Tushen ya bayyana, ana bada shawara don ajiye seedling. Zai fi kyau shayar da shi da hanyar wick don kada ruwa ya tara a gindin tushe. Rooting faruwa a sauƙaƙe, bayan kwanaki 15-20 shuka zai fara ci gaba da himma.
Ka'idojin girma
Kula da echinocereus baya buƙatar matakan musamman. Yawanci, ana sanya tukwane cikin wurare masu haske: kusa da windows, a baranda ko a cikin gidaje. An ba da shawarar don bazara don bijirar da su zuwa ga iska mai kyau, da kariya daga zane-zane da ruwan sama. Ya kamata walƙiya ya zama mai haske, yana da kyau a tabbatar cewa an fallasa hasken rana kai tsaye ga cacti. Lokaci da ƙarancin yayyafa sun saba da haske a hankali.
A lokacin rani, echinocereuses zai iya jure sauƙi ko da zafi mai zafi, amma a cikin lokacin bazara ya wajaba don samar da abun ciki mai sanyaya. Kada zafin jiki ya wuce +12 ° C. A cikin yanayi, tsire-tsire na iya tsayayya da tsananin sanyi, amma furanni na cikin gida bai kamata a ɗanɗana cikin sanyi ba.
Watse echinocereus ya zama dole a cikin matsakaici, barin ƙasa ta bushe sosai tsakanin ruwa. Ana amfani da ruwa mai ɗumi, zauna. A murtsunguwa na iya wanzu a cikin busasshiyar iska, amma ba isasshen feshin ruwa zai yi kyau.
A watan Afrilu-Agusta, ana ba da shawarar yin takin kowane wata. Ma'adinan ma'adinai na cacti ana bishi a ruwa kuma ana shayar dasu. Yi amfani da mahaɗan ƙwararrun ƙwararraki ba su ƙima ba. Zai fi kyau kawai dasa fure a cikin ingantaccen ƙasa.
Ana yin jujjuyawar gaba a cikin bazara kowace shekara 2-4. Tukwane za a iya zaba ba da zurfi ba, amma fadi da yawa, suna iya ɗaukar zuriya masu yawa. Shards, yumbu mai yumɓu ko bulo mai fashewa lallai ne an zuba shi ƙasa. Don dasa shuki, tsaka tsaki da ƙasa mai cakuda:
- ƙasa mai narkewa;
- tsakuwa
- yashi;
- gawayi.
Echinocereus wanda yake jujjuyawar ba ya shayar da kwanaki 2-3.
Cactus echinocereus yana alfahari da kyakkyawan kariya daga cututtuka da cututtukan fata. Sai kawai tare da rashin ruwa, tushen sa da mai tushe suna shafar yawancin rot. A wannan yanayin, an bada shawarar dakatar da shayarwa ko dasa shuki, kazalika da bi da tushen tare da fungicides.
