Fulatan furanni suna amfani da gerberas a cikin shirye-shiryen rubuce-rubuce na kalamai. Ma'anar fure shine rashin laifi da tsoro. Faɗin turanci na ma'anar ƙauna ce. Ana iya samun bayanin gerbera har ma a cikin litattafan gargajiya. Amma mafi ban sha'awa shi ne cewa kowane ɗan lambu zai iya girma da furanni.
Gerbera - menene wannan fure
Wannan tsire-tsire na perennial yana cikin dangin Astrov. Gerbera wani nau'in halitta ne mai rikitarwa, wanda ƙasarsu ke ɗaukar ƙasashen Afirka ta Kudu da Madagascar.
An tattara ganyen duhu koren launi a cikin soket. Dogo mai tsayi mai tushe ya girma daga tsakiyarsa, wanda girmansa zai iya kai 70 cm. A ƙarshen kara, lokacin da aka cika shi cikakke, fure ɗaya na fure. Girman ya bambanta daga 5 zuwa 30 cm, ya danganta da iri-iri.
Gerbera kusa-kusa
Furanni Gerbera suna kama da chamomile.
Iri da nau'in lambun gerbera
Don fahimtar menene gerbera, kuna buƙatar magance nau'ikan nau'ikan da nau'ikan halittu.
Gerbera furen fure ne wanda a mafi yawan lokuta ana wakilta lambu. An buge su ta hanyar tsallake Jameson gerbera da ganye mai ganye kore. Abin da launi da inflorescence na shuka za a fentin ya dogara da iri da aka zaɓa.
Launin launuka iri-iri
Bambancin Vincent da Arendgost sune wakilan matasan gerbera. Kyakkyawan fasalin shine ainihin zuciyar. Mafi kyawun wakilin wannan nau'in. Gerreras mai haske na waɗannan nau'ikan zasu iya samun launuka iri-iri.
Bambancin Rosalyn da Lancaster sune perennials, fenti mai ruwan hoda. Suna da dogayen fure furanni, furanni 6-8.
Bambancin Rosalyn
Manyan furanni masu launin shuɗi suna girma a cikin waɗannan iri: Aldebaran, Veronica, Peter, Pluto, Romeo. Kara daga wadannan nau'ikan suna da tsawo - 40-50 cm.Dan furanni masu matsakaici - 10-12 cm.
Wakilan Romeo iri-iri
Iri daban-daban Marlene da Polaris sune wakilai masu dusar ƙanƙara fari. Suna da kwatankwacin kwatancin zuwa chamomile.
Bambancin Polaris
Daban-daban Alice, Orange Beauty, Zeltane, Mirage ana fentin su a cikin launi mai haske mai haske. Petals suna kama da harshen wuta, suna a daidaitacce - a tsakiyar sun fi guntu, sannan tsawa.
Mafi mashahuri nau'in Orange Beauty
Iri iri-iri Tamara, Helios, Elegant suna da furanni masu launin shuɗi. Kara daga wadannan nau'in an gajarta, furen yana da girma - 12-15 cm.
Bambancin Tamara
Hakanan, masu lambu suna da rarrabuwa na gerberas bisa ga alamun waje:
- furanni tare da furanni masu fadi da ƙananan furanni (iri-iri Aldebaran, Alcor). Shuka ba ya wuce 50 cm kuma an kafa furanni zuwa 9 cm;
- M Ra'ayoyi. Waɗannan sun haɗa da Delios, Saturn. Tsayin fure - 70 cm, girman toho - 15 cm;
- iri tare da fure kunkuntar petals (Sonya, Viola, Kalinka);
- mafi girma wakilai tare da kunkuntar petals - Migar, Jupiter.
Har yanzu akwai nau'ikan iri da iri iri waɗanda ya kamata ku kula da su lokacin zabar kayan ado don rukunin yanar gizonku.
Dasa kuma tsiro gerberas a cikin ƙasa bude a cikin lambu
Don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai dacewa, kuna buƙatar sanin yadda gerberas ke girma a cikin mazauninsu na asali. Daskararren tsire-tsire ba ya yarda da canje-canjen zafin jiki ba. Babban zafi yana lalata tsarin tushen fure.
Idan shuka ba a dasa shi cikin yanayin da ya dace da yanayin, zai zama shekara-shekara.
Seeding for seedlings
Gerberas - furanni waɗanda aka girma a cikin filin ya kamata su kasance seedlings.
Lura! Dasa tsaba kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa ba sau da yawa ba ya kawo sakamakon da ya dace.
Tare da shirye-shiryen mai zaman kanta na kayan iri, wadatattun furanni dole ne a fesa su da kansu.
Lokacin amfani da tsaba da aka saya a cikin shago, yana da mahimmanci kula da ranar karewar da aka nuna akan kunshin.
Hankali! Gerbera germination yana watanni 6-10.
Za a iya shuka iri don seedlingsan shuka daga Janairu zuwa Maris. Don ƙarin dasa a cikin ƙasa, mafi kyawun lokaci shine Maris, don wakilan cikin gida duk tsawon lokacin ya dace.
Yadda ake shirya ƙasa
Soilasa don dasa yakamata ya zama haske da abinci mai kyau. Don shirya kai, ya wajaba don haɗu:
- turf ƙasa (2 sassa);
- ƙasar sheet (1 sashi);
- humus (1 bangare);
- kogin kogi (1 bangare).
Gerbera dasa shuki a buɗe
Shuka furanni da tsayi a kan tsari na mutum shine mabuɗin don fure mai tsayi. Lokaci mafi dacewa shine Mayu - Yuni. Yankin yayyafawa yakamata ya haskaka sosai. A cikin inuwa na gerbera, har ma da kulawa ta dace, furanni ba sa tsari.
Don buɗe ƙasa yana da buƙatar zaɓar wakilai masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi.
Gerbera Seedlings
Ana shirin shirya makirci a gaba. Kafin sauka, dole ne a cika matakan da yawa:
- duk an cire ciyayi;
- an ƙara peat da yashi a ƙasa;
- acidity ƙasa ya zama tsaka tsaki;
- rami don dasa ya kamata ya fi girma girma da ƙarfin tare da seedlings;
- an sanya magudanar ruwa a cikin rami kuma cike da kayan abinci mai gina jiki;
- da seedling ne a hankali canjawa wuri zuwa cikin sako, tushen tsarin da ake rarraba tare da dukan kewaye;
- lokacin juyawa, yana da mahimmanci a bar mashin ganye kadan sama da matakin ƙasa;
- shayar da seedling ne da za'ayi a karkashin tushen.
Yadda za a kula da shuka, da keɓaɓɓiyar ƙasa
Yarda da duk rikice-rikice na kulawa zai ba ku damar iya samun fure na gerbera. Saboda yanayin wannan yanayin na dogon lokaci, lambun gida zai juye ya zama ainihin lambun fure na tsawon watanni.
Gerbera - kayan ado na lambu
Dole ne a yiwa gado mai fure tare da gerberas akan shi. Wannan hanya ba zata kare tsirrai daga kwari kawai ba, har ma da bada izinin shuka ya zama dole adadin abubuwan amfani da abubuwanda ake buƙata na gano su.
Watering dokokin da zafi
Ga kowane fure, yana da matukar muhimmanci a bi ka'idodin shayarwa. Gerberas yana son zafi mai matsakaici.
Watering ne da za'ayi ne kawai bayan saman Layer na duniya ya bushe gaba daya. Ana amfani da ruwa don yin ɗumi mai zafi, an zaunar dashi.
Feshi za a iya ba da amfani kawai tare da bushe iska. Ana amfani da daskarewa a lokacin bazara a yanayin zafi.
Shawara! Don fesawa wajibi ne don amfani da fesa mai kyau.
Manyan miya da ingancin ƙasa
Don rayuwa ta yau da kullun, fure a zahiri baya buƙatar kayan miya - kawai sau uku a shekara. Lokacin ƙirƙirar greenery, ana amfani da kowane takin nitrogen a cikin ƙasa: a ƙarshen hunturu da ƙarshen bazara. Ana amfani da shirye-shiryen Potash a lokacin fure na gerbera.
Hankali! An haramta amfani da takin gargajiya, amfaninsu na iya haifar da mutuwar shuka.
Duk shirye-shiryen dole ne a diluted cikin ruwa kuma a shayar da fure a ƙarƙashin tushe tare da bayani mafi rauni.
Yin daskarewa da dasawa
Don haɓaka lokacin furanni da haɓaka samuwar sabbin tsarukan, yana da mahimmanci don cire tsoffin inflorescences a cikin dace lokaci.
Don wannan nau'in, ba a bada shawara a datsa su, masana suna ba da shawara don karkatar da tushe kusa da gindi daga cikin murfin ganye.
Wararrun masu girbi na fure sau da yawa suna haɗa ƙwayar shuka tare da tsarin haifuwa. Lokaci guda na aiwatar da waɗannan matakan, da farko, zai adana lokaci, abu na biyu, zai ba da damar shuka don daidaitawa da sabon yanayi mai sauƙi.
Kawai inji wanda ya kai shekaru 3 ana iya dasa shi:
- Yuni ne ya fi dacewa da dasawa.
- An haye daji sosai a hankali.
- Tushen suna gajarta zuwa 10 cm.
- Ana aiwatar da rabo tare da yanayin cewa ana kiyaye maki ci gaban 2 akan kowane rarrabuwa.
- Duk wuraren da suka lalace ana bi da su da Cornevin ko gawayi.
- Saukowa ana yi har ya zuwa girma.
- A farkon lokacin bayan dasawa, bai kamata a kyale hasken rana kai tsaye ba.
Yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 30 don gerbera don amfani dashi zuwa sabon wuri.
Siffofin hunturu fure
Itaciyar tayi mummunar amsa ga ƙarancin zafi. A watan Satumba, don kare tsirrai daga daskarewa, an dasa bishiyoyin cikin tukunyar filawa.
Hankali! Dole ne a fitar da furen fure tare da dunƙule baki, don guje wa lalacewar tsarin tushen.
Mafi kyawun zazzabi don hunturu shine + 7 ... +15 digiri.
Za a shimfiɗa daskararren yumɓu ko yumbu mai laushi a ƙasan tukunyar. A cikin hunturu, ana iya shayar da gerbera sau ɗaya a mako, an ba da takin zamani.
Rashin bambancin launi
A cikin yanayin, ana iya fentin furanni na gerbera a kusan kowane launi. Banda shi ne launin shuɗi da dukkan inuwarta. Blue gerberas sun bayyana kwanan nan a kasuwar fure. Masu shayarwa sunyi nasarar wannan inuwa ta hanyar rufewa.
Sau da yawa zaka iya samun tsire-tsire na wannan nau'in tare da launi biyu. Daga tsakiya zuwa gefuna, hue yana canzawa sosai.
Cututtuka, kwari da hanyoyi don magance su
Da ambaliya da yawan zafi, inji ya kamu da mildew powdery kamuwa da shi. Wannan cuta tana haifar da juyawar asalin sa.
Lura! Kasancewar matattarar magudanar ruwa itace mabuɗin zuwa ingantaccen shuka.
Lokacin da alamun farko na cutar suka bayyana (ganye na rawaya, aibobi akan faranti), yana da gaggawa a ɗauki matakan:
- Dole ne a cire ganyen da ke ciwo.
- Goge alamun milkewy mai ƙwaya da kamannin farin fulawa tare da zane mai laushi.
- Fesa da shuka tare da Fitosporin-M.
Powdery mildew haddasa tushen rot
Idan an sami alamun cutar akan shuka, yakamata a kwashe ƙwayar ƙasa.
Anabazin-sulfate da Nicotine-sulfate sun tabbatar da kansu don kashe aphids.
Don hana mamayewa daga cikin gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, ana kula da shuka da maganin sabulu.
Mahimmanci! Yawancin kwari suna ƙananan ƙanana kuma ba bayyane ba. Matakan kariya na lokaci-lokaci zasu adana shuka koda ba tare da alamun alamun lalacewa ba.
Don kawar da malam buɗe ido, farin ganye na dasa an fesa shi da magungunan kashe qwari wanda ke dauke da sinadaran aiki mai aiki da haɓaka.
Tun da aka bincika wane irin fure mai fure ne kuma an san shi da yanayin haɓakarsa, zaku iya yin ainihin aikin fasaha daga gonar gida ta talakawa. Gerbera girma a gonar yana da ikon yin ado kowane shafi kuma ya zama wani abu har ma da mafi kyawun zane-zanen ƙasa. Yawancin launuka masu launin masu launi - kyakkyawan lafazi ga kowane abun da ke ciki, alama ce ta dandano mai kyau.
