Guernia kyakkyawan tsire-tsire ne mai ban sha'awa kuma wanda ba a san shi ba, wanda har yanzu ba a samun shi sosai a cikin ƙasarmu. Tsarin sabon abu na harbe da furanni masu haske suna tura ku saya guernia bayan masaniyar da kuka fara da ita. Homelandasar haihuwar tsiro ita ce ƙazamar yankin Afirka ta kudu da Penasar Larabawa. Daga Latin an fi dacewa a karanta sunan a matsayin "datti", amma da yawa daga cikin lambu suna kiran wannan succulent kawai a murtsunguwa.
Bayanin Guernia
Guernia yana samar da dogayen layuka masu tsayi tare da abin da ke da haƙoran hakki 3-5. M hakora ba tare da allura girma a kan hakarkarin. Duffai mai duhu mai duhu wani lokacin suna da launin shuɗi. Tsawon tsararren tsire-tsire yakai kimanin cm 30. Akwai siffofin da ke da tushe ko kuma mai rarrafe mai tushe.
Dankin yana da wadatar ƙanana, Tushen ƙwayoyin cuta, waɗanda suke a cikin matsanancin ƙasa na sama. A wani ɗayan harbe, buds a kaikaice na iya kafawa, daga abin da mai cike yake da tsiro ya girma kuma guernia ya ɗauki kamannin dazuzzuka.
Lokaci-lokaci, fure-fure na fure akan harbe, daga wanda aka kirkira kyawawan furanni masu haske da haske na guernia. Suna zaune a kan ɗan gajeriyar fitsari kuma suna da kamannin karamar gramophone ko kambi. Fuskar furenn fleshy mai sheki ce, an rufe pharynx da kananan girma (papillae). Canza launin furanni fari ne, rawaya ko mulufi. Akwai fure na monophonic ko mai rufi tare da tsayayyar yare.
Guernia yana daɗaɗɗar kwari ta hanyar kwari, don haka a lokacin furanni yana fitar da ƙanshin mai daɗi a gare su da ɗan ƙyama ga mutane. Intensarfin sa yana ƙaruwa a yanayin zafi, da rana. Kodayake kowace budo na rayuwa kwanaki biyu, furanni suna rufe shinge da yawa kuma sun tashi daga gindi. Sabili da haka, fure yana kasancewa tsawon watanni 2-3, daga Yuni zuwa farkon faduwa. Bayan nasarar pollination, ƙaramin lesan itacen da ke da ƙaramin tsaba ya bayyana a maimakon furannin.
Shahararrun nau'ikan
Halittar dan adam yana da kusan nau'ikan 60. Wasu daga cikinsu suna da kamannu, wasu kuma asalinsu daban ne.
Guernia na Kenya. Bambancin tare da dorawa mai tushe kusan tsawon cm 30. Harbi yana da hakarkarinsa guda 5 tare da akai-akai, ya lanƙwasa ƙasa. A watan Mayu-Yuni, furanni sun bayyana, suna kafa ƙananan inflorescences na 2-5 buds. Kowane fure yana da siffar kwano kuma yana da launin shunayya. Girman dansandan yakai 3 cm, kuma an rufe gefuna da haƙoran hakora.
Guernia taguwar (zebrina). Wani ɗan gajeren tsire-tsire har zuwa 10 cm tsayi, wanda ke zaune a Kudu maso Yammacin Afirka. Girman kowane kara tare da hakarkarinsa hudu ne kawai cm 2. Lokacin da aka girma cikin hasken rana mai haske, an rufe harbe kore da ratsi na burgundy. Flowersauran furanni suna kama da tauraro masu maki biyar tare da fused da ɗan convex core. Diamita na kowane fure shine cm 7. Fentin na furanni ana fentin a cikin maroon. Kusa da gefen gangar jikin, raɗaɗin rawaya mai rawaya ya bayyana.
Guernia yana da girma sosai. Itace ingantacciyar shuka tare da koren haske ko harbe mai fure. Tsawon daji shine 20 cm 7. hakarkarinsa guda 7 tare da haƙoran haƙora za'a iya bambanta su tare da tushe. Inflorescences kunshi 2-5 buds a cikin hanyar kararrawa. Girman dutsen kowane fure 2 cm ne .. Theoƙon kwalin an fentin shi cikin burgundy kuma an rufe shi da duhu mai duhu.
Guernia da wuya. Varietyaƙƙan matsakaici-sized tare da bakin ciki (1.5 cm), harbe-5 5. Ciyayi yana da launi mai haske koren launi kuma an lullube shi da ɗanɗana amma haƙora masu kaifi. Furanni masu launin siffa tare da fure biyar da aka zana a cikin mauve. An rufe tushen bututu tare da papillae mai duhu, mai duhu.
Guernia yana da gashi. An bambanta iri-iri ta hanyar mai kauri, gajerar mai tushe, wacce take da doguwar hakora. Wannan nau'in ya yi kama sosai da muƙammar turmi. Abun harbe masu haske ne mai haske, gefuna hakora a hankali suna zanen ja. Fleshy furanni sunyi kama da kifin katako tare da babban fatalwa. Akwai iri iri tare da terracotta, rawaya da jan furannin furanni. Zurfin diamita na corolla daga 2.5-5 cm.
Guernia m yana da gajeren haske mai haske kore zagaye harbe tare da bangarorin 4-5. Yatacciyar hakora mai hakora suna rufe kara a duk tushe. Furanni suna kama da kambi kuma ana fentin su cikin launin yashi. Maron digiri na shuɗi ya watsu ko'ina na ciki na toho.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Guernia yana yaduwa ta hanyar tsaba da kuma tushen tafiyar matakai. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin wani lebur mai lebur tare da haske, ƙasa mai yashi. Rasa kowane iri ta 1 cm kuma ka kula da nisa tsakanin ofan ciyawar na cm 2 zuwa 3-4. Theayan na farko sun bayyana bayan kwanaki 15-25. Bayan wani wata, an daukesu cikin kwantena daban kuma suka girma kamar yadda aka girma shuka.
Manya, sassan sassan harbe ba tare da fure mai fure ya dace da itace ba. An yanka yankan daga wani tsiro na tsofaffi kuma an bar su a rana a buɗe don wilting da yanke. An dasa su a cikin yashi substrate tare da ƙari na ɗan adadin peat. Tushen yana bayyana a cikin makonni biyu, bayan haka ana iya juyawa da tsari zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa.
Dokokin Kulawa
Don dasa guernia, yi amfani da m, manyan kwantena tare da ramuka magudanar ruwa. Ofarshen tukunya an yi layi tare da yanki na yumɓu mai yumɓu ko kwakwalwan bulo. An zaɓi ƙasa mai haske, mai numfashi. Za'a iya haɗu da waɗannan abubuwan masu zuwa:
- ƙasa mai narkewa;
- ganye humus;
- takardar ƙasa;
- m kogin yashi;
- gawayi + lemun tsami.
Ko da a cikin ƙasa da aka shirya don cacti, ana bada shawara don ƙara ɗan lemun tsami da kwakwalwan mai.
Guernia yana ƙaunar rana mai haske da iska mai zafi. Za ta ji daɗin lafiya a baranda a buɗe a lokacin zafi ko a kan hasken rana. Idan kullun taga na kudu yana rufe kullun, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar ƙaramin inuwa don guernia. Idan ba tare da samun iska mai kyau ba, rana tana iya ƙone mai tushe.
A lokacin rani, tsire-tsire yana ƙaunar wurare masu ɗumi inda zafin jiki yake + 24 ... + 26 ° C. A cikin hunturu, yana buƙatar lokacin hutawa don tara ƙarfi don fure mai zuwa. An canza Guernia zuwa ɗaki mai zafin jiki na + 15 ... + 18 ° C. Sanyaya a ƙasa + 12 ° C na iya haifar da mutuwa.
Guernia yana buƙatar ɗan ruwa kaɗan. Ruwa mai ɗumi yana busar da ƙasa ne bayan ƙasar duniya ta bushe. A cikin hunturu, ya isa ya shayar da tsiron sau 1-2 a wata. Alama na yawan wuce gona da iri itace mai yanko shuki tare da fitar da kwari. A lokacin furanni, dole ne a sanya takin mai magani. Ana hada garin hako ruwan a cikin ruwa don ban ruwa sau biyu a wata.
Kowane shekara 2-3, ana ba da shawarar cewa a juyar da guernia cikin tukunya mafi girma kuma a sabunta ƙasa. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen wadatar da abubuwa tare da abubuwan gina jiki kuma yana bada ƙarin sarari zuwa tsarin tushen. An fi yin sauyawa a farkon bazara.
Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa
Guernia sau da yawa yana fama da ire-iren ire-iren su. Dalilin wannan shine wuce kima sosai kuma isasshen iska mai kyau. Ya kamata a sa ido a kai a kai a kai a kai a kai a kai domin halayen launin ruwan kasa ko launin toka. Idan alamun cutar sun bayyana, cire duk wuraren da aka lalace kuma ƙasa da ƙasa yin danshi.
Wani lokaci zaku iya samun mealybug kusa da guernia. Ya na son ya zauna a cikin ƙasa mai faɗi. Magungunan kwari (actara, intavir da sauransu) suna taimakawa wajen kawar da ƙauyen mara kyau.
