Harbe daga tafarnuwa hunturu suna bayyana da wuri, kai tsaye bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke. A wannan lokacin ne aka aza harsashin girbi na nan gaba na wannan ingantaccen kayan lambu wanda yake da ƙamshi - kayan yaji da kuma ɗakunan bitamin da ma'adanai masu mahimmanci don jikin mu.
Tafarnuwa Tafarnuwa
Nasarar girma tafarnuwa ita ce kulawa da ta dace. Abu na farko da za a yi a farkon bazara shine a cire tsari mai kariya daga gadaje. Ba zai yiwu a makara tare da wannan taron ba, in ba haka ba matasa gashin fuka-fukan kore na shuka na iya lalacewa, ana iya lalatar da furanni.
Gadaje da tafarnuwa hunturu an rufe su da hunturu domin kare tsiron daga sanyi kuma a hana shi daskarewa
Ciyarwa na farko da magani na kwaro
Lokacin girma tafarnuwa, yana da mahimmanci don samar da shuka tare da abubuwan da ake buƙata daga ainihin farkon ciyayi. A lokacin bazara na ciyayi, amfanin gona yana buƙatar takin nitrogen wanda hakan zai shafi haɓakar ganye. Don ciyarwa ta farko, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da urea, 1 tablespoon wanda aka narkar da shi a cikin ruwa 10 na ruwa. Ana amfani da maganin don tushen miya a cikin adadin har zuwa lita 3 a kowace murabba'in 1. m Ana yin ruwa tare da takin nitrogen da wuri, da zaran shuka ya saki ganye 3-4.
A cikin ruwa sama sosai, don takan tafarnuwa, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da ba a warware matsalar urea ba, amma asalinsu ne.
Ciyar da bushewar tafarnuwa ana aiwatar da ita ne a cikin fuskoki har zuwa 2 cm zurfi, sannan kuma a yayyafa shi da ƙasa
Don ciyarwa na bazara na biyu, wanda aka aiwatar makonni 2-3 bayan na farko, masanan lambu sun ba da shawarar yin amfani da nitroammophos, 2 tbsp. tablespoons wanda aka narkar da a cikin lita 10 na ruwa. Yawan gudanawar mafita daidai yake da na urea. Ciyar da takin phosphorus mai mahimmanci yana tasiri farkon farkon samuwar shugaban tafarnuwa.
Tafarnuwa kuma yana ba da amsa da kyau ga takin tare da takin gargajiya, ban da ciyawar sabo.
A cikin bazara an bada shawarar aiwatar da rigakafin cututtukan tafarnuwa daga kwari da cututtuka:
- watering Fitosporin, Maxim, bayani na 1% na sulfate na jan karfe zai kare tafarnuwa daga cututtukan fungal;
- lura da Epin, Zircon yana kunna ayyukan kariya na shuka, ƙara ƙaruwa;
- ƙura da gadaje tare da toka, ƙurar taba mai kyau kariya ce mai kyau daga kwari.
Ash ba kawai zai tsoratar da kwari ba, har ma yana ciyar da tafarnuwa tare da abubuwa masu alama
Loosening da weeding
Tafarnuwa yana amsawa da kyau ga loosening na ƙasa, wanda ya zama dole don watsawar iska mai kyau. Wannan hanya ya kamata a gudanar da ita a kai a kai, bayan kowace ban ruwa ko ruwan sama, gujewa samuwar ɓawon burodi mai ƙura akan ƙasa. An shirya farkon namo da wuri, a cikin watan Afrilu, da zaran matasa harbe suka bayyana a kan ƙasa. Zurfinsa ya zama bai wuce 2-3 cm ba .. A cikin jiyya mai zuwa, zurfin namo yana ƙaruwa da kusan 1 cm, yana kawo mafi girman 10-12 cm - wannan shine matakin inda samuwar shugabannin tafarnuwa ke faruwa.
A kan yashi mai laushi da yashi mai loamy, inda aka ba da tushen tare da iskar oxygen, ana iya kwance ƙasa sau da yawa, kuma akan ƙasa mai nauyi na loamy, ya zama dole bayan kowace moistening
Ga matasa harbe na tafarnuwa, hanya mai mahimmanci ita ce cire ciyawar ciyawa, wanda ke fara gudana cikin bazara. Edsawan da ke girma da sauri ba wai kawai ɓoye tafarnuwa seedlings ba, har ma suna ɗaukar abubuwan gina jiki masu mahimmanci daga gare su, kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga yaduwar cututtuka da kwari. Ana tsabtace gadaje da hannu tare da cire duka ɓangarorin m na ciyawar ciyawa da tushen sa.
Tafarnuwa ba ya son ciyawa da ciyawa dole ne a yi su da yawa da zaran ciyawar ta fara bayyana
A kan gadaje masu tsabta, shugabannin tafarnuwa suna girma da lafiya, yayin da suke samun isasshen abinci mai gina jiki da haske.
Kasar gona mulching
Shuka da hatsi tsari ne na ɗaukar nauyi. Don rage lambar su, ana bada shawara ga ciyawa tafarnuwa ciyawa tare da peat, ciyawar tumatir, bambaro, sawdust, ciyawa mai bushe. Bayan gaskiyar cewa ta hanyar ciyawa ya fi wahalar warwarewa cikin ciyawar, wannan hanyar tana da wasu halaye masu kyau:
- lokacin amfani da peat da humus a matsayin ciyawa, al'adar ta sami ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki;
- idan an aiwatar da mulching bayan saukar da farko, to danshi daga gonar ba zai tsinke da wuri ba; hakanan, ɓawon burodi mai wuya ba zai samu tushe ba, wanda ke hana musayar iska mai kyau;
- Ciyawa zata lalace a lokacin bazara kuma zata zama kyakkyawan taki ga sababbin ciyayi.
A lokacin da mulching tare da bambaro, ya kamata ya zama Layer 10 cm
Mulching zai ba da tasiri sosai idan kawai an yi amfani da abubuwan amfani da abubuwan da aka gabatar don haɗa murfin ƙasa:
- lokacin farin ciki lokacin da mulching tare da ciyawar mowed bai kamata ya wuce cm 2 ba .. Wani lokacin farin ciki mai kauri na iya haifar da samuwar mucous;
- bambaro da aka yi amfani da shi azaman ciyawa na iya jawo hankalin mice, slugs;
- busassun ciyawa ya ƙunshi adadin ƙwayar sako;
- sawdust, kazalika da allura na Pine, suna da tasirin acid akan ƙasa, saboda haka ana bada shawarar yin amfani dasu kawai a kan ƙasa tare da tsaka tsaki ko kuma maganin alkaline.
Dokoki don shayarwa da maganin saline
Tafarnuwa yana son danshi. Tare da rashi, ba ya mutu, amma yana haifar da ƙananan kawuna, fara juya launin rawaya da bushewa kafin lokaci. Dole ne a ɗauka a hankali cewa wuce haddi danshi ke kaiwa zuwa ga ci gaban cututtukan putrefactive, lalata abubuwa a cikin dandano na cloves (za su kasance masu ruwa), kazalika da rashin taurin kai na shugabannin. Lokacin shirya ban ruwa, yakamata mutum ya jagoranci yanayin yanayi da yanayin ƙasa. Eterayyade bukatar danshi ƙasa kamar haka:
- tono rami kusan 10 cm zurfi a kan gado tare da tafarnuwa;
- dauke hannuwan qasa daga kasan ramin ka matse shi cikin tafin hannun ka;
- idan dunƙule na ƙasa bai yi birgima ba a lokacin da ba zai cika ba, tafarnuwa baya buƙatar shayarwa. Hannun murkushe hannu na nuna bukatar ruwa.
Bukatar ban ruwa ba ta yanke hukunci ta yanayin ƙasan ƙasa na sama ba, dole ne a ba ta izinin bushewa a zurfin ginuwar kai da girma
Watering da aka fi aikata da yamma. Da rana, danshi yana bushewa, kuma cikin dare yakan kwashe ƙasa gaba ɗaya yana shayar da shi gwargwadon iko. Misali tsarin ban ruwa na iya yin kama da wannan:
- idan maɓuɓɓugar ruwan sama ne, damp, to, ba da shuki dasa shuki ba lallai ba ne;
- a cikin yanayin zafi mai matsakaici tare da karamin adadin yanayin haɓaka na halitta, ana yin shayarwa kowace rana 7-10;
- a cikin bazara mai bushe mai zafi, ana shirya shayarwa bayan kwanaki 4-5 tare da yawan amfani da akalla guga na ruwa a kowace 1 kilomita. m
M ruwa akai-akai tare da karamin adadin ruwa ga tafarnuwa ne wanda ba a ke so, tun danshi, wetting kawai topsoil, da sauri evaporates
A cikin bazara, jirgin babban kwaro na tafarnuwa, albasa ya tashi, ya fara. Don tsoratar da shi, ana yin busar da tsire-tsire na tafarnuwa tare da gishirin:
- 1 kofin tebur gishirin an narke cikin 10 l na ruwa;
- ta amfani da bindiga mai feshin ruwa, ana amfani da mafita ga ƙwararren tafarnuwa. Ana amfani da adadin da aka ƙayyade don sarrafawa aƙalla murabba'in mita 3. m;
Ana yin magani na rigakafin lokacin da ganyen tafarnuwa ya kai tsawon 10-12 cm
- Yana da kyau a aiwatar da magani da yamma, kuma da safe yayyafa tafarnuwa tare da ruwa a fili da kuma shayar da gonar.
Ana yin ƙarin jiyya tare da gishirin kawai idan akwai alamun lalacewar tafarnuwa ta hanyar kwari: seedlings fara juya launin rawaya, ya zama mai toshi da tsagewa. A wannan yanayin, ana fitar da spraying sau biyu tare da hutu na kwanaki 10-15, yayin da maida hankali ne mafita ya zama daidai da na hana jiyya.
Da fatan za a lura cewa sodium da chlorine da ke cikin ruwan gishiri na iya keta aiyukan ƙasa, ɓoye shi, rage jinkirin girma da haɓaka tsirrai. Maganin ruwan gishiri na iya lalata da tsoratar da kwari ba kawai kwari ba, har ma kwari masu amfani, don haka kuna buƙatar amfani da shi da gangan. Idan bayan lura biyu ko uku ba a lura da ingantaccen sakamako ba, to ya kamata a yi amfani da sauran hanyoyin kula da kwaro.
Bidiyo: Kulawar tafarnuwa na bazara
Idan tafarnuwa baya tsiro
Wani lokaci, a kan gado tare da tafarnuwa, maimakon harbe na ƙawancen da ake tsammanin, fararen mutum kawai ya bayyana. A wannan yanayin, ana ba da shawara ga gogaggen lambu don tono plantedan karnukan da aka shuka da kuma kimanta yanayin su:
- idan Clove yana da rai, yana da ƙarfi, Tushen ya fara girma a ciki, to ya kamata a shayar da gonar lambun, ƙara yin takin kuma bayan ɗan lokaci irin wannan tafarnuwa zai tsiro. Dalilin jinkirtawar shine wataƙila ma zurfin ƙasa ne ko kuma ƙarshen ƙasa;
- Idan itacen da aka toka ya zama da taushi, bashi da rukunin tushe kuma akwai alamun lalacewa, to ya narke kuma bazai tashi ba.
Daskarewa tafarnuwa na iya faruwa saboda dalilai da yawa:
- an dasa tafarnuwa hunturu da wuri (a watan Satumba-farkon Oktoba). A lokacin faduwa, ya gudanar ba wai kawai ya dauki tushe ba, har ma ya yi tsiro;
- Fit ɗin ba shi da zurfi (ƙasa da 5 cm);
- an shirya gado tafarnuwa a cikin inuwa, sabili da haka, a cikin tsananin sanyi, ƙasa a kanta tayi sanyi tun da wuri;
- Ba a rufe filayen lokacin hunturu tare da rassan spruce ba, ganyayyaki da suka fadi ko wasu kayan da ake samarwa.
A wannan yanayin, dasa tafarnuwa na bazara, wanda aka aiwatar a ƙarshen Afrilu, zai taimaka don adana halin. Tafarnuwa hunturu da aka dasa a cikin bazara galibi yana ba da kwano mai haƙori guda ɗaya wanda bazai adana shi tsawon kuma yakamata a sake sake shi.
Kula da tafarnuwa na bazara misali ne da ba a haɗa shi ba, amma don kada a manta da aiwatar da duk ayyukan da ake buƙata, ana bada shawara don tsara ciyarwa da magani. Zai taimake ku ba da shuka tare da abubuwan gina jiki a cikin lokaci mai dacewa da hana cututtuka da kwari.
