Ofaya daga cikin shahararrun kayan lambu a cikin lambuna mai son shine eggplant. Manyan lambu da ke daɗaɗawa suna ƙoƙarin neman sababbin iri koyaushe a cikin begen gano wasu kaddarorin da ba a sani ba na fruitsa fruitsan da suka fi so. Kuna iya sarrafa gadaje tare da eggplant na Valentine - matasan mai haɓaka tare da bakin ciki, amma kyawawan 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Bayanin eggan eggplant iri-iri
Eggplant Valentina - wani tsiro da aka samu ta sanannun kamfanin Dutch MONSANTO HOLLAND B. V. Tarihin wannan matasan ba ma "tsohuwar" ba - a cikin Rasha an jera shi a cikin Rijistar Jiha a 2007 kuma an ba da shawarar yin namo a dukkan yankuna duka a bude ko kuma a cikin gidajen ƙasa. An dauke shi a farkon daban-daban, musamman idan girma a karkashin fim.
Bayyanar
Ggwan itace anwaƙar itace madaidaici ne, ƙaƙƙarfan daji (har zuwa 80-90 cm tsayi) tare da Semi-yada tsarin. Jirgin yana da ƙarfi, an rufe shi da walƙiya, yana da launi na anthocyanin mai laushi mai launin shuɗi. Ganyen matsakaici ana fentin surar kore. Blooms Valentine manyan fararen furanni masu launin shuɗi.
Duk da kyakkyawar bayyanar, furannin Valentina suna tsayayya da yanayin yanayi mara kyau ba tare da fashewa ba
'Ya'yan itacen sun girma da wuri, watanni 2-2.5 bayan dasa. Lokacin da horarwa a ƙarƙashin fim, kayan lambu na farko za a iya ɗanɗana su a watan Yuli.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna da kyau sosai cikin kamannin - mai haske, launin shuɗi mai duhu. Suna da siffar lu'u-lu'u, amma suna da tsawo sosai (har zuwa 26 cm), diamita ya kai cm 5. Matsakaicin ƙwayar ƙwaya ɗaya na iya isa 200-220 g. A ɓangaren litattafan almara ne mai yawa, yalwata a launi, mai taushi kuma ba m.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari masu girma ne, kuma suna haɗe tare
Abvantbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani da eggplant Valentine
Valentine eggplants yawanci halin da dama ab :buwan amfãni:
- farkon-girma da 'ya'ya (a cikin ƙasa bude za ka iya samun zuwa 3.2 kg / m2);
- m da dandano mai daɗi;
- kyakkyawa bayyanar da daidaiton 'ya'yan itatuwa;
- karamin adadin tsaba;
- jure yanayin ariesan farji na yanayi, furanni ba sa murƙushewa ko da a cikin mawuyacin yanayi;
- babban juriya ga kwayar cutar ta sigari.
Rashin daidaituwa na wasu lambu sun haɗa da ƙaramin kauri daga 'ya'yan itacen, kuma dandano yana da alama talakawa ga mutane da yawa (kama da nau'ikan Diamond). An yi imanin cewa ƙwayar furen Valentina ba ta da inganci ga eggplant Bibo.
Shuka da kuma girma a matasan
Ana iya shuka kwayar Valentin ta eggin nan da nan a cikin ƙasa buɗe (yiwu a cikin yankuna masu ɗumi) ko kuma seedlings da suka girma.
Shuka seedlings
Tsaba don seedlings ana shuka shi a farkon shekarun Maris. Tunda an sayar da 'ya'yan Dutch hybrids an riga an sarrafa su, basa buƙatar maganin presowing. Koyaya, wasu yan lambu sunyi imani da cewa soaking a cikin abubuwan kara kuzari (alal misali, a cikin ruwan 'ya'yan aloe) na hanzarta fitowar seedlings.
Ka tuna cewa kwai Valentine'sa Valentine'san itace hybrida hybridan itace kuma thata getan da zaka iya samu daga 'ya'yan itãcen ba za su maimaita kayan gonar uwa ba. Dasa kayan zasu saya.
Ruwan 'ya'yane Aloe shine kyakkyawan haɓakar mai haɓaka, soaking tsaba a ciki ya isa rabin yini
Don germination, ana sanya tsaba a cikin goge goge ko ulu auduga kuma an kiyaye shi tsawon kwanaki a zazzabi na 22-25 game daC. Lokacin da tsaba suka ƙyanƙyashe, ana shigar da su a hankali zuwa peat, filastik ko kofuna na takarda cike da ƙasa.
An sanya kwantena iri a cikin ɗakin da aka cika lit - ƙarin haske, mafi girman darajar seedlings (tare da rashin haske, matasa tsire-tsire masu shimfiɗa). Don tabbatar da isasshen hasken, zaka iya amfani da phytolamps.
Phytolamps yana ba da haske na bakan da ake buƙata don tsirrai
A watan Mayu, masu girma sun isa girma don dasa shuki a cikin gidan kore ko ƙasa. Kafin dasa, tsire-tsire suna taurare - ana kwashe su tsawon kwanaki, suna barin kowane lokaci na tsawon lokaci.
Marubucin ya sami nasarar shuka tsirowar eggplant ta amfani da wannan hanyar. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin kofuna waɗanda filastik a ranar 20 ga Fabrairu: sun gudanar da haɓaka da kyau, kuma idan wasu tsire-tsire sun ɓace, akwai lokacin shuka. A kasar gona kafin dasa dole ne a zubar da zafi bayani na potassium permanganate. An sanya tsaba (bushe, ba tare da yin fitina ba) a cikin ƙasa a cikin biyu kuma an rufe su da wani yanki na busassun ƙasa. Gilashin an rufe shi da fim kuma a sa a cikin wurin dumi. Harbe yana bayyana da sauri, bayan makonni 1.5-2. Gilashin tare da tsire-tsire matasa an sanya su a kan windowsill, ana shayar da su da ruwa mai ɗumi, kuma ana ciyar da su tare da ƙwayoyin potassium sau 2-3 (yana kuma kariya daga ƙafa baƙar fata). Yin sarrafawa (guda) tare da kwayar ƙwayar motsa jiki yana hana ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta daga haɓaka.
Zaɓin wurin da kuma shirye-shiryen ƙasa
A cikin bazara, lokacin da ƙasa tayi zafi sosai, ana iya dasa seedlings zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa. A yankuna daban-daban, ranakun ƙasa na iya faruwa duka a ƙarshen watan Afrilu da kuma a tsakiyar Yuni (a yankuna masu sanyi). Babban ma'aunin zabar lokacin saukowa shine zafin jiki na iska: da zaran an kafa shi (dare da safiya) a matakin digiri na 15-16, zaku iya saukowa. A wannan lokacin, tsire-tsire ya tashi zuwa 20-25 cm, an kafa ganyayyaki na gaskiya na 5-7.
Don gadaje eggplant ya kamata a kasaftawa yankin rana, wanda lit da asuba - yana da amfani ga kayan lambu. Gabatar da gado daga yamma zuwa gabas don kauce wa shading na bushes.
Kada a dasa bishiyar tsiro bayan wasu albarkatu na Nishadi! Abubuwan da suka fi dacewa su zama kayan ganye, lemo da gour, kabeji da karas.
Ya kamata a haƙa ƙasa har 'yan kwanaki kafin a dasa shuki (koda kuwa an haƙa shi a faɗo). A wannan yanayin, ana gabatar da humus, superphosphate, potassium salts a cikin ƙasa. Haske amma ƙasa mai daɗi ya fi dacewa da eggplant. Idan rukunin gidan ku yumɓu ne, kuna buƙatar ƙara yashi zuwa ƙasa yayin ƙirƙirar gadaje.
Ana shirya ƙasa don eggplant - bidiyo
Wasu lambu suna ba da shawarar dasa mustard a kan gado na eggplant nan gaba a ƙarshen Afrilu, da dasa shuki mustard ganye a cikin ƙasa kafin dasa shuki. Don hanzarta lalacewar mustard, yana da kyau a rufe gado da fim, amma tsawon kwanaki 1-1.5 ana buƙatar cire shi.
Kuna iya ƙara takaddun takaddun ƙwayoyi a cikin ƙasa kafin shuka shuki (alal misali, Rost ko Kemira).
Yankin gado ya kamata a kidaya shi a jeri ba fiye da bushes biyu ba (aƙalla 1 m). Don haka za a samar da tsirrai tare da isasshen yanki na abinci mai gina jiki. Tsawon gadaje ana iya yin kowane girman, amma yakamata a ɗauka cewa ambaton kwai ya kamata a aiwatar da ruwa mai tsayawa, kuma tsawon gadaje suna da wuya ruwa.
Dokokin saukarwa
Ana iya dasa kwayayen kwalaben soyayya a cikin layuka da tsauri. A lamari na biyu, tsire-tsire suna karɓar ƙarin haske tare da ƙaramin nesa tsakanin su. Bugu da kari, gadaje na iya zama ya fi sauƙi kuma ya fi sauƙi idan ya cancanta, don rufe shi da fim. Girman gadaje kusan 60-70 cm. Kuma fim ɗin zai isa a cikin farkon makonni, idan kun damu da yiwuwar sanyi dare.
A cikin dasa layi, nisa tsakanin layuka: 60-70 cm, tsakanin tsirrai: 40-45 cm.
Tare da saukowa a jere, nisa tsakanin layuka ya kamata ya zama aƙalla 60 cm
Ana shuka ciyawa da maraice ko da safe a cikin ramuka da aka sanya a gaba a gonar. Ana zuba murfin ruwan dumi a cikin kowace rijiya.
Kwanakin farko 7-10 na farko, eggauren kwalayen kwai na buƙatar a sanya inuwa idan yanayin ya yi zafi kuma ba gajimare ba. A ƙasa ne a hankali compused kuma mulched.
Dasa tsirowar itace a cikin ƙasa buɗe akan bidiyo
Kula da tsiro
Hybrid Valentine ba shi da ma'ana kuma yana buƙatar kawai kulawa. Ruwa da eggplant bushes tare da dumi ruwa sau 2-4 a mako. Bayan da aka yi ruwa, an yanke ƙasa a kewayen tsire-tsire don kada su lalata Tushen, yana da kyau don ciyawa ƙasa ƙasa.
An fara ciyar da tsirrai 3 makonni bayan dasa. A cikin lita 10 na ruwa mai laushi zuba 1 tablespoon na Kemir taki. Zuba lita 0.5 a ƙarƙashin tushe. Zaka iya amfani da kwayoyin halitta: ash ash, fermented jiko na makiyaya ganye da ciyawa, taki bayani.
A lokacin samuwar ƙwayoyin kwayoyi, ana amfani da takin mai magani na nitrogen-phosphorus ga ɓangaren kwai a cikin rabo: 10 l na ruwa: 25 g na superphosphate: 25 g na potassium gishiri.
A lokacin da ciyar da mullein jiko, dole ne a kula - manyan allurai na iya haifar da haɓaka taro na ganye zuwa lalata fruitan itacen.
Bushes su ne tsayi, saboda haka kafin fruiting ya kamata a daura su goyon baya.
A bu mai kyau don kula da bushes eggplant tare da igiya ko masana'anta tube, musamman a lokacin fruiting
A ƙarshen Yuli, suna duba cikin duk fure eggplant don zaɓar mafi girma ovaries. An bar su, yayin da ake cire wasu, kamar furanni. Anyi wannan ne domin 'ya'yan itaciyar suyi sauri.
Lokacin girma a cikin greenhouse, samun iska ta yau da kullun wajibi ne don bushes bushes ba sa fama da zazzabi. Saboda kwanciyar hankali, tsire-tsire na matasan Valentine suna riƙe furanni da ovaries, amma 'ya'yan itatuwa na iya zama ƙanana.
Danshi kada ya wuce 70%, in ba haka ba pollen ɗin ba zai iya motsawa ba, yawan amfanin ƙasa zai ragu. Bayan dasawa a cikin gidan kore, ana shayar da tsire-tsire a karo na farko bayan kwanaki 5 (adadin ban ruwa na 0.5-1 l na ruwa, tsananin a ƙarƙashin tushe). Bayan da ruwa, kwance loosening ne da za'ayi.
Siffofin girma eggplant - bidiyo
Yadda za a kare eggplant daga cututtuka da kwari
Tare da kyakkyawar juriya ga cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri (alal misali, zuwa mosaic taba) Valentine ana iya shafa masa cututtukan fungal, musamman a yanayin zafi. Mafi yuwuwar ita ce rashin nasarar launin toka da maraicewar rana.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na Rotten gaba ɗaya suna rasa gabatarwarsu
Kuna iya kare filayenku daga waɗannan cututtukan marasa dadi tare da taimakon hanyoyin rigakafi da hanyoyin warkewa. Jiyya tare da Zircon da Fitosporin zasu taimaka hana cututtukan fungal. Idan tsire-tsire sun kamu da rashin lafiya tare da ƙarshen bazara, ana iya samun ceto ta hanyar taimakon Quadris ko Anthracnol, kuma fesawa tare da Horus zai taimaka wa lalataccen launin toka.
Ka tuna, ban da jiyya mai guba, yana da matukar muhimmanci a sassauta kuma adon ƙasa tsabtace a ƙarƙashin ƙwayayen, haka kuma kula da matsakaiciyar matsakaici - wannan galibi yana taimakawa hana cututtuka.
Daga cikin kwari, ranar soyayya eggplant na iya shafar dankalin turawa irin ta Colorado, slugs, aphids da kuma gizo-gizo gizo-gizo.
Gwoza da katako za a iya cire su da hannu idan wurin dasawa bai yi yawa ba. Don rigakafin, zaku iya dasa calendula, marigold, mustard kusa da gadaje, saboda waɗannan tsire-tsire suna tsoratar da kwari da aphids tare da ƙanshinsu mai ƙarfi. Tare da shan kashi mai ƙarfi ta kwari, ticks da aphids, maganin kashe kwari, alal misali, Arrow, zai taimaka. Don tsoratar da kai da lalata slugs, an bada shawara don yayyafa ash a ƙasa, kazalika da kwance tarkuna (alal misali, katako na itace) a ƙarƙashin waɗanda aka ɓoye maɗaɗann wuta. An tattara tarkuna da kone su.
Yin gwagwarmaya da kwai gizo-gizo gizo - bidiyo
Girbi da Girma
Ranar soyayya ta fara tattara kwai a tsakiyar bazara. Don kada 'ya'yan itacen su lalace, suna buƙatar yanke tare da mai ɗanye. Lokacin da lokacin fruiting fara, da eggplant bukatar a cire shi kowane 'yan kwanaki, guje wa over-ripening. Kayan lambu sun dace da tattarawa, wanda kwalinsa ya zama duhu da haske. Idan kwasfa ta bushe da faduwa dan kadan, wannan yana nuna cewa 'ya'yan itacen sun kazanta sosai kuma tsaba suka fara taurara a ciki.
Wajibi ne a tattara kwayayen overripe, in ba haka ba samuwar sabbin fruitsa willan zai rage gudu.
Kuna iya kiyaye kwai ba tare da asarar ɗanɗano na kusan wata ɗaya a ɗakin sanyi ba. Godiya ga kyawawan dandano, 'ya'yan itacen Valentina suna da kyau don yin kowane irin kayan aikin na dafuwa.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na Valentina suna soya tare da tumatir da ganye
Sake duba lambu
'Ya'yan itacen' Valentina 'smet na acetone 8) Kuma Bibo yana da ɗanɗano daɗin dandano, Zan shuka shi kawai da ma'ana
Songbird
//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=6270&start=195
Tastean dandano na 'ya'yan itace ba su da muni fiye da na etan tsirrai. Shuka cikin sauri. Valentina ta haifi 'ya'yan itace da wuri.
alex1940
//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=39793&st=40
Na dasa Valentine. Fruiting a zahiri yana farawa da wuri, kuma mai yawan 'ya'ya. Iyakar abin da, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari ne na bakin ciki. Amma ba haka ba ne mai muhimmanci
Dune
//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=39793&st=40
Valentina ɗan itace ne mai santsi, na bakin ciki, mai elongated, ya dace don yin eggplant a cikin Yaren Koriya.
Violet Violet
//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=39793&st=40
A bara na shuka nau'ikan eggplant guda uku: Bibo F1, Valentina F1 da Helios. Boaunar Bibo, mai 'ya'ya, farin nama, ba haushi. Helios ya kasance mai dadewa a cikin dabbobi, Na kasance ina dasa shuki mai daɗin ɗanɗano shekaru 3 daga tsaba. Valentina - matsakaiciyar yawan aiki, ɗanɗano talakawa ne (kamar lu'u lu'u-lu'u), naman yana da launin kore.
viki00
//www.sadiba.com.ua/forum/showthread.php?p=579590
Ggwan fure mai tsini ba ya buƙatar manyan kuɗaɗe don aiki don haɓakar sa. Idan kun bi ka'idodi na kulawa, zaku iya samun girbi mai kyau a farkon matakan. Babban abu shine kada 'ya'yan itacen su sake farfadowa!
