Rasberi suna da daraja ba wai kawai don dandano mai kyau ba, har ma saboda warkarwarsu da warkarwarsu. Na nau'ikan da ake da su, Taganka ya dace sosai don haɓaka a kusan kowane yanki na Rasha. Babban yawan amfanin wannan gyaran iri da kuma ikon yin 'ya'yan itace har zuwa ƙarshen kaka sun yi nasarar shawo kan lambu da yawa. Sauki na kulawa ya sa aka rage adadin kayan kwalliyar Rashan ta Taganka.
Tarihin Bambancin Taganka
Taganka wani nau'in rasberi iri ne na gida, wanda aka koya tun da daɗewa, a 1976. Cibiyar kiwo-fasaha na kayan lambu da kuma gandun daji (Moscow) ta zama wurin haifuwa iri-iri sakamakon aikin shayarwa V.V. Kichina, wanda ya ƙetare nau'in Krupna Dvuroda tare da matasan Scotland 707/75.
Bayanin sa
Rasberi na Taganka ya makara sosai-yana kuma mallakar iri iri na gyaran, wato, yana bada 'ya'ya sau biyu a shekara - kan tsoffin matasa da harbe. Wasu lambu mai son suna kiran wannan nau'in "Semi-dindindin" saboda gaskiyar cewa ovaries a kan harbe-harbe na shekara-shekara suna yin latti kuma basu da lokacin yin riji a cikin yankuna masu sanyi.
Taganka ya girma a cikin manyan yaɗawo bushes, wanda ya kai 2 m tsawo. Kowane daji yana tasowa daga 7 zuwa 9 maimakon lokacin farin ciki-harbe-harbe har da 4-5 tushen zuriya. Manyan, ganye wrinkled fentin duhu kore girma densely a kan mai tushe. Ana rufe saman harbe da yadudduka masu launin shuɗi da yawa. An yi sa'a, spikes ƙanana da taushi.
A kowane ɗan itacen itace biyu biyu zuwa uku dozin berries ake kafa
Ovary samuwar yana faruwa a kan rassan 'ya'yan itace, sosai - har zuwa guda 30, saboda rassan zasu iya fashewa. Berriesa berriesan itacen largean girma suna da yawa, tare da matsakaicin nauyin 7-8 g, lokaci-lokaci har zuwa g 17. Siffar berries itace mazugi zagaye. M kwasfa mai launin burgundy launi yana rufe ɓangaren ɓangaren litattafan almara mai ƙarfi tare da ƙanshin ƙwayar Rasberi da dandano mai ɗanɗano-gishiri.
Halayen sa
Yawan nau'ikan Taganka yana da halaye masu kyau da marasa kyau da yawa.
Abvantbuwan amfãni:
- bushe rabuwa da berries;
- kyakkyawan yanayin sanyi na hunturu na ɓangaren iska da tsarin tushe (har zuwa .20game daC)
- babban yawan aiki - kowane daji yana bada har kilo 5;
- spiky spikes;
- babban girma da kuma kyakkyawan bayyanar berries;
- kyakkyawan juriya ga manyan cututtuka da kwari.
Misalai:
- rashin juriya ga fari - tare da dogon lokacin bushewa, ingancin berries ya tabarbarewa;
- ba zaki da dandano mai yawa na berries;
- mara kyau safarar su da kiyaye ingancin - da sauri berries zama m.
Dokokin saukarwa
Rasberi ana shuka shuki a cikin bazara kafin ya fara kwarara ruwan itace, ko a lokacin bazara, a lokacin dormancy. An bada shawarar dasa shuki a cikin bazara a yankuna na arewacin, kamar yadda a cikin wannan yanayin tsire-tsire zasu sami ƙarin damar dasa yadda yakamata. A cikin yankuna tare da sauyin yanayi, akasin haka, ya fi kyau shuka a cikin fall - raspberries za su yi tushe kafin sanyi kuma shekara mai zuwa za su fara kawo 'ya'yan itace.
Ya kamata a sayi tsire-tsire Rasberi a cikin gandun daji. Seedlingsabila masu lafiya suna da halin tushen haɓaka ba tare da alamun lalacewa ba, duka da ƙarfi mai tushe.
Seedlingsaya daga cikin iri iri na Taganka suna da mummuna a cikin bayyanar - ƙarami, tare da mai bakin ciki, wanda baya hana su daga tushe sosai.
Ana iya samun 'yan' yantu iri-iri daban-daban daga mazan bushes: su raba tushen zuriya ko harbe tare da isasshen tushen sa. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da tsaba - a cikin remont raspberries su a cikin 60-65% na lokuta sun riƙe kaddarorin "iyayen". Ana tsabtace tsaba daga cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara, an bushe su kuma a ajiye su a zazzabi na + 1 ... +3game daC. Rayuwar shelf na iya zama shekaru da yawa.
Raspberries ba su da yawa a kan ƙasa, babban abin shine a samar da abinci mai kyau da magudanar ruwa (danshi mai saurin lalata tushen tsarin). Ya kamata ƙasa ta kasance da danshi a koyaushe, saboda Taganka baya son fari.
Idan magudanan ruwa a yankin, dole ne a yi tsarin magudanar ruwa
Wurin da aka keɓe don raspberries ya kamata a dumama shi sosai kuma yana haskakawa da rana. An ba shi izinin dasa a cikin inuwa m, amma tare da ci gaba da yawan inuwa, digo cikin yawan amfanin ƙasa kuma lalacewar ɗanɗano yana lura.
Don samar da ovaries, raspberries dole ne a pollinated da kwari, sabili da haka, plantings ya kamata a kiyaye shi daga iska, wanda ba kawai tsoma baki tare da aikin ƙudan zuma, amma kuma iya karya harbe. Sabili da haka, yana da kyau a sanya raspberries tare da fences ko gine-gine.
Ana iya kare gadaje rasberi daga iska tare da shinge na bude wuta
An shirya ƙasa don dasawa a cikin makonni 4-5. An cire ganyaye da ciyawa daga yankin da aka yi niyya, ana amfani da takin mai magani (12-15 kilogiram na taki da 140-160 g na katako na itace a kowace murabba'in murabba'in) da haƙa. Don haka shirya tsagi tare da fadin of 3 bayonets shovels da zurfin 1 bayonet. Nisa tsakanin tsintsiyar dake kusa (layuka masu zuwa) yakamata ya zama 1.5-2.Mutsi na abinci mai zurfi na 8-10 cm aka zuba akan ƙasan tsintsiya preparedan an shirya cakuda mai gina jiki a cikin buhu 2 na takin, 200-250 g na superphosphate da 100-120 g na gishiri potassium da 1 m2. An rufe filayen da takin ƙasa mai laushi.
A cikin yankin da aka shirya dasa shuki raspberries, kuna buƙatar tsabtace sosai da tono ƙasa
Saukowa jerin:
- Bincika yanayin 'ya'yan seedlings, cire tushen fashe da bushe.
- Tsoma tushen don 'yan seconds a cikin ƙasa dusa (zaku iya ƙara haɓaka mai haɓaka, alal misali, Kornevin).
- Sanya seedlings a cikin tsagi ɗin da aka shirya tare da tazara tsakanin 80-100 cm. Yada Tushen, yayyafa shi da ƙasa da m. Tabbatar cewa tushen wuyansa ba ya nutsar da ƙasa!
- Yanke mai tushe 25-30 cm sama da ƙasa a cikin toho.
- Zuba kowane seedling tare da 7-8 na ruwa da mulch kasar gona da humus.
Bidiyo: dasa shuki remont raspberries
Fasali na rasberi girma
Don nasarar haɓakar Rashan, ya zama dole a bi ka'idodin aikin gona mai sauƙi - ruwa, yanke, sako da ciyar da kan lokaci.
Watering, pruning da tying
Taganka na matukar bukatar shawo kan ruwa - tana fama da yawan wuce haddi da rashin ruwa. Tare da dogon rashi danshi, da berries rasa dandano kuma ya zama karami, yawan amfanin ƙasa rage-rage. Kuna buƙatar ruwa raspberries a kai a kai, amma ba sosai. Babban bukatar danshi yakan faru ne a lokacin kafawar kwai da kuma lokacin tumatir. Galibi, ana shayar da tsire-tsire sau biyu a wata, da safe ko yamma. Har sai fure ya faru, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da ruwa ta hanyar yayyafa, sauran lokacin da aka ciyar da ruwa zuwa cikin tsagi a cikin farashin 20-25 a kowace mita mai layi.
Rasberi ya amsa da kyau ga yayyafa ban ruwa
Ana iya shuka rasberi na Taganka a matsayin amfanin gona daya ko biyu na shekara. A cikin hanyar farko, bayan girbi, an yanke duk harbe har ƙasa. A yankuna da ke da yanayin sanyi, an bada shawarar yin namo bisa hanyar ta biyu. A wannan yanayin, kawai harbe na bara an yanke su a cikin fall.
A lokacin bazara na dasa shuki, busassun wuraren da lalacewar harbe ana bincika su kuma an cire su zuwa ƙoshin lafiya. Tare da matsanancin thickening, plantings suna thinned fita.
Raspberries suna "jujjuya" daga yankin su, don haka duk tushen zuriya waɗanda suka bayyana a waje da iyakokin shafin, da kuma a hanyoyin, dole ne a cire su.
Bidiyo: huda bishiyar girbin itace
Ba da ɗaukar nauyi ba kawai don kare mai tushe daga fashewa ta iska ko ƙarƙashin nauyin amfanin gona ba, har ma yana sauƙaƙe kula da shuka. Mafi yawan nau'in tallafi don raspberries shine trellis guda. Don na'urar ta, ana amfani da ginshiƙai masu girman mita 2.5 a cikin ƙasa tare da jerin rasberi, kuma layin waya da yawa na talla suna saman su. Idan ba a ba da kariya ta iska ba, dole ne a ɗaura matakan rasberi zuwa waya mai goyan baya, in ba haka ba harbe-harbe na iya fashewa game da shi.
Bidiyo: fasali na kulawa da irin yadda ake girbe shuki
Ciyarwa, kula da ƙasa da shiri don hunturu
Don samun cikakken amfanin gona, ya zama dole don takin raspberries a kai a kai. Ciyarwar tsire-tsire suna farawa a shekara ta biyu. Nitrogen mahadi (misali 15-20 g / m2 ammonium sulfate), a farkon lokacin bazara - takin gargajiya (takin gargajiya da aka lalace, takin) a cikin kudi na buhu 5 a kowace 1 m2kuma a cikin fall - potassium salts (30 g / m2) Kowace shekara uku, ƙwayoyin mahaifa (misali, 55-60 g / m2 superphosphate). Kwayoyin halitta an kawo su a karkashin digging na kasar gona, kuma abubuwa masu ma'adinai sun watsu a saman kasan, hade da cokali mai yatsa da kuma shayar.
Baya ga takin gargajiya, zaka iya amfani da hadaddun
Bugu da kari, a lokacin bazara a lokacin furanni, ana bada shawara don rufe ƙasa kusa da bushes tare da Layer na humus. Bayan fure, ana ciyar da ruwa ruwa tare da mafita daga tsararrun kaji (1 shebur a guga na ruwa).
A kasar gona a kan rasberi dasa ya kamata a kiyaye a cikin sako-sako da kuma peeled ciyawa yanayin. Ana fitar da hawan ne da zaran kasar ta bushe kadan bayan an sha ruwa na gaba. Zurfin aiki ya zama bai wuce 6-7 cm ba, don kada ku taɓa asalin sa.
Kafin hunturu, an yanke duk rassan bara na tushe
Don lokacin hunturu, Taganka yana buƙatar samun mafaka saboda ƙarancin lokacin sanyi. Da farko, ana yin girki kuma ana yanke duk mai tushe. Tare da cikakken girkin kaka, kawai kuna buƙatar rufe kowane layi tare da ciyawa na peat. Idan an bar harbe-harbe na shekara ta yanzu don hunturu, an ɗaura su tare, an jingina ƙasa kuma an rufe shi da bambaro, rassan spruce ko kayan suturar da ba a saka ba.
Kwaro da kariya daga cuta
Taganka yana nuna isasshen juriya ga yawancin kwari da cututtuka na kowa don raspberries. Duk da haka, rasberi irin ƙwaro ya kamata ya kasance cikin kwari na kwari, da slaminda launin shuɗi ya kamata ya kasance yana raunin cututtuka.
Rasberi irin ƙwaro na rayayye ya lalata kusan dukkan sassa na rasberi daji
Irin ƙwaro Rasberi shine kwaro "na duniya", saboda yana cin inflorescences, buds, da ganye. Bugu da kari, irin ƙwaro yana sanya ƙwai a cikin furanni, kuma larvae gnaw ta cikin berries, waɗanda ƙanana da rot. Irin ƙwaro za a iya buga ƙasa daga bushes akan yada polyethylene ko masana'anta, sannan a hallaka. Hakanan ana amfani da kemikal: Fitoverm (a cikin shekaru goma na ƙarshe na Mayu), Confidor, Kinmiks, Spark.
Bidiyo: yadda ake sarrafa bishiyoyi daga kwari
Haske mai tabo, ko didimella, yana ɗayan mafi haɗari da cututtukan rasberi masu haɗari. Yawancin lokaci ana fara gano cutar a cikin Yuni a cikin hanyar duhu aibobi tare da shunayya mai launin shuɗi a cikin ganyayyaki da buds. Idan ba ku ɗauki matakan ba, to, yankin na tabo yana ƙaruwa, haushi ya fara fashewa da kwasfa. Don rage yaduwar cutar, ba za a yarda da ɓarnatar da ɓarnar wuri ba. Marasa lafiya harbe an yanke tare da wani yanki na lafiya nama. Watering ya kamata ya zama matsakaici. Daga hanyoyin kariya na sunadarai amfani:
- Bordeaux cakuda (lokacin farko lokacin da buds suka buɗe, sannan kuma wani lokaci uku);
- Kofin cin abinci (50 ml da guga na ruwa);
- Fundazole (20 g da guga na ruwa).
Haske mai tabowa cuta ce mai mutuƙar haɗi da haɗari.
Anthracnosis cuta ce mafi daɗaɗɗar cuta, saboda yana da wuyar magani. Ya bayyana a cikin nau'i na launin ruwan kasa a kan ganye da ratsi a kan mai tushe. A tsawon lokaci, yankin na wannan lalacewa yana ƙaruwa. Fuskokin tuddai sun zama masu bacin rai da fasa, kuma da hawan kai, lalacewar ta fara.
A farkon cutar, aibobi masu launin shuɗi suna bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki
Yin rigakafin cutar ita ce a kiyaye tsabtace tsutsawar tsabtace tsirrai kuma, in ya yiwu, nesa da sauran kayan amfanin gona na Berry, kazalika da yin bakin lokaci da kuma kayan miya a kan kari tare da takin gargajiya na phosphorus. Daga cikin hanyoyin sinadaran hanawa da kuma magance cutar ta anthracnose, ana bada shawarar shirye-shiryen dauke da jan karfe - sulfate na jan karfe, Oksikhom, Kuproksat.
Yadda ake girbi da kuma kiyaye amfanin gona
'Ya'yan itacen Rasanka na Taganka yana farawa ne a farkon farkon watan Agusta kuma zai kasance har zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba (izinin yanayi). Sukan tattara raspberries ta hannu kuma a hankali - yana da matuƙar sauƙi waƙar. Cikakkun 'yan itacen Taganka ana iya rarrabewa da su daga tushe, saboda haka kar a gwada rabuwa da karfi da karfi. 'Ya'yan itacen da aka tara ana cukurkuɗe a cikin akwatuna, baƙaƙe na filastik ko kwantena
A bu mai kyau ya sanya berries a cikin yadudduka, kwanciya su da rasberi, hazelnut ko ganye na horseradish. Ya kamata a sa ganye guda a ƙasan gangar.
Fresh berries na iya kwance a cikin firiji don 5-6 kwanaki, duk da haka, zaku iya kiyaye raspberries sabo ne duk shekara zagaye ta daskare da berries a cikin kwantena filastik. Taganka ma yana da kyau don yin cakulan, giya, kayan lemo da sauran abubuwan cin abinci. Zaka iya amfani da berries ba kawai, har ma ganye na rasberi - suna ɓangare na teas na ganye.
Rasberi hidima a matsayin kyakkyawan cika da ado don kayan kwalliyar itace
Lamburan ra'ayoyi
Shekaru 5 a yanzu, alamun rasberi yana girma yana haɓaka 'ya'yan itace. Daban-daban na saba irin fruiting, manyan berries na hankula rasberi launi. A iri ne sosai a farkon, wannan shekara on 10 Yuni riga sayar da berries, da berries suna da dadi sosai. Ina da kusan nau'ikan rassa 15, kuma taganka a ganina shine ya fi dadi. Harbe ƙananan ƙwayoyinta 70-100cm. kuma ba lokacin farin ciki ba, saboda haka seedlingsansa da ke kusa da nau'in zamani suna kama da na biyu kuma suna da saurin siyan su. Amma da ta fara yin 'ya'ya, sai su zo su yi godiya. Don haka ya kasance tare da ni. Wannan nau'ikan yana da daɗaɗɗen launuka amma ingantaccen ruwan sanyi.
Nikolka, Odessa//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=6334
Yanzu Taganka, wanda aka dasa a cikin bazara na wannan shekara, ya ba da berries na biyu na wannan kakar, na farko sun kasance a kan tsohuwar harbe. Daidai ne cewa lateral din ya karye a karkashin nauyin berries, a bayyane yake Ina nuna musu ba daidai bane. Da ake bukata trellis, ba tare da trellis ba zai zama kasuwanci.
Vert, Slavyansk-on-Kuban//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=6334
Da kaina, Na dasa Taganka a ƙarshen 2011, bushes 50 bayan dasawa (a cikin kaka), harbe kore ya bayyana a 48, amma ya tsira a cikin bazara 23. A ƙarshen Yuli, an fara fitar da tsiro, an girbe shi a cikin lita1.5-2 daga tsakiyar Satumba, amfanin gona ya ragu zuwa 0.5 lita na ƙarshe berries narkar da jiya, amma dandano mai daɗi ne (yanayin yana shafan) duk shekara ne a farkon shekara bayan an shuka .. Ina son sa
karasaty//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=6334
Ina girma Taganka a kan yanki na gona wajen kadada 6 a cikin shekaru 10. Ina tsammanin idan Jamusawa ko Yaren mutanen Holland suka ga haƙurin da ke a shafin na, to, zai zama lamba ɗaya mai gyara iri-iri a cikin duniya) Ina musamman son dandano da ɗaukar kaya kuma, ba shakka, yawan amfanin ƙasa, ba shakka, a cikin hunturu yana ba da kusan dukkanin berries ... a takaice azuzuwan !!! yana da ban mamaki dalilin wannan ba wanda ke da bambanci ... wani lokacin ni kawai ina mamakin ... duk abin da yamma ke jawo lokacin da lu'u-lu'u ke ƙarƙashin ƙafafunku ... abin da ke damun shi ne jan berries ... Lokacin da ɗana ya nemi rasberi a cikin kaka, zan yanke yanki da rassa kuma zai daskarar da ... mafi yawan berries suna kan tsire-tsire marasa girma (ya ciyar a amma duk yankin ya mamaye tare da teku)) ya juya zuwa raisins ... koda kuwa mutum ya faɗi ... shin zai iya kasancewa saboda zafi?)) kuma juriyarsa na fari abu ne ... ba tare da yin ruwa a ƙarƙashin mita biyu ba, kuma duk da gaskiyar cewa na haƙa komai, yana girma kamar ciyawa da girma m dalilin da ya sa)
Lissad (aka Vladimir Lugovoi), yankin Lugansk//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=6334&page=2
Rasberi Taganka wani nau'in iri ne mai keɓaɓɓen cuta mai iya shaƙawa wanda za'a iya girma a kusan kowane yanayi. Manyan furanni masu ladabi za su yi ado a lambun da tebur Gaskiya ne, ba a adana su tsawon lokaci. Amma wannan fansar ana fansar ta da marigayi 'ya'yan itace, wanda zai baka damar cin' yayan itacen sabo har zuwa ƙarshen kaka.
