Roawan lambun: nau'ikan iri da iri, dasa da kulawa

Rosa wani nau'in bishiyoyin perenni ne na dangin Rosaceae. Wannan nau'in halittar ya hada kusan nau'ikan 40. Tun daga tsakiyar karni na ashirin, akan furanni na gargajiya, da yawa sabbin nau'ikan sun bayyana ta hanyar zaba, dasa wanda zai wadatar da fure.

Lambun wardi

Dajin na iya zama pyramidal ko shimfida. Height daga 25 zuwa 90 cm, da mai tushe na rukuni na hawan wardi kai 8 m.

An kafa daji saboda nau'ikan harbe biyu 2: pereenial woody main mai tushe. A cikin shekara-shekara m, an rufe shi da ganye a kan petioles. Dukkan jinsunan suna da ƙaya mai kaifi, girman su da yawa wanda ya dogara da nau'ikan wardi.

Ana toho ko dai yana saman saman harbin, ko kuma tare da tsawon tsawon. Girman furen yana daga 2 zuwa 18 cm, nau'ikan 3 ana ƙididdige su da yawan petals:

• wanda ba ya ninka 5-8;
• rabin terry 20;
• terry 70-128 cm.

Wasu nau'ikan furanni na floribunda ko shayi na shayi suna da fure mai ganye, wasu da yawa suna da madaidaiciyar sifa. Wani lokacin wavy ko tare da denticles tare da gefen.

Ana ƙaunar Rose saboda yawan launuka masu ƙarfi: farar fata, cream, rawaya, ja. Hakanan multicolor: gefen fentin ko kuma gefen haɓakar fentin an fentin shi a wata inuwa ta daban, har ma ana samun ratsi da maɓuɓɓuka. Ta hanyar zaɓi, har yanzu ba a sami damar samun launi ɗaya kawai ba - shuɗi.

Yawancin nau'ikan suna da ƙanshi mai daɗi mai daɗi; ana samun citrus, 'ya'yan itace da kayan ƙanshi mai ƙanshi.

Bar tare da hakora tare da gefen wani elongated ko zagaye siffar. Farfajiyar tayi kyau da tauri, kuma launi ba wai kawai inuwar kore ba ce, har ma da fashewar tagulla.

Tushen gishirin jiki suna shiga cikin ƙasa, an rufe shi da haushi tare da diamita na 2-3 cm. Akwai kuma ƙananan, ƙananan ƙananan rassan wanda ake kira - lobes.

Haɗin haɗin tsakanin ɓangaren ƙasa na tsiro da mai tushe tare da ganye shine tushen wuyansa, girmansa a santimita ya dogara da matakin shigar azzakari cikin farji:

• tsawon 10-15;
• matsakaita 5-9;
• gajere 3-4.

Lambunan furannin wardi

Dangane da tarihin zaɓi, an rarraba wardi na lambu zuwa tsoffin da zamani, bred bayan 1867.

Na da wardi

Wannan rukunin ya ƙunshi wardi wanda ya ɓace bayyanar daɗar daji saboda rikitaccen tsari. Siffar furanni ta lalace ko kuma kusa da ƙwallon, adadin filayen fure sunada yawa. Launi haske ne, pastel, mafi yawan launuka daban-daban na launuka sune ruwan hoda. An kafa katako masu tsayi, tare da adadin adadi masu yawa. Flow a kowace kakar, a matsayin mai mulkin, bashi da aure. Banda shi ne remontant da bourbon.

Rashin dacewar waɗannan wardi sun haɗa da rauni mai tsauri ga ƙarancin zafi da ruwan sama, an kuma cika matsanancin ƙarfi da fure. Hakanan ana shafar su koda da cututtukan fungal.

Turanci

Wannan rukuni galibi ana kasafta shi daban saboda yawan amfanin jama'a. Idan ya cancanta, daga Ingilishi ya tashi a gonar, zaku iya yin duka biyu tare da daji mai yaduwa, daidaitaccen itace ko shinge. Wadannan tsire-tsire masu tsayayya wa yanayin illa, kula da su ba mai wahala bane. Yankunan da aka rufe suna da kyau jure wa, isasshen adadin hasken rana na tsawon awanni 4-5.

Furen da ke kama da kofin, kamar na tsoffin wardi, an tattara su ne daga ɗambin fure da aka yi birgima. A wasu nau'ikan, adadin ya kai ɗari biyu. Yawancin bushes suna sake fure. Suna da ƙanshin mur, da mur, da lemo mai ban sha'awa.

Mafi mashahuri sune nau'ikan 3:

• Ibrahim Derby;
• Benjamin Britten;
• William Shakespeare.

Wardi na zamani

Dukkanin wardi na lambun zamani sun kasu kashi biyu wanda yakamata ayi la'akari dasu daki daki daki.

Takaitaccen Tea

Abubuwan rarrabewa: manyan furanni 10-14 cm, kyakkyawa a cikin nau'ikan gilashin. Akwai duka terry 25-35 petals, da kuma yawa terry 50-60 guda. Peduncles suna da tsawo. Samuwar buds yana faruwa ne a watan Yuni-Yuli, bayan ɗan gajeren hutun makonni biyu, kuma raƙuman na biyu na ci gaba har faɗuwar. Tsarin launi yana gabatar da launuka iri-iri. Haske ga daskararrun ƙanshi.

Tsawon bushes na matsakaici shine 60-70 cm, kuma tsayi 80-100 cm. Bambancin kulawa shine matsakaicin tsari a cikin kaka.

Sananniyar nau'in shayi na ruwan hoda:

• Mista Lincoln;
• Kayan Luwadi;
• Sau biyu na jin daɗi
• Alexander

Floribunda

Wannan nau'in halitta ne da aka samu ta hanyar ƙetara manyan wardi-fure. Budsananan buds da tattara a cikin manyan inflorescences suna bayyana a lokacin bazara zuwa kaka. Sau da yawa ana amfani da bouquets.

Ta hanyar tsayi dajin akwai giram na 80-100 cm, sun girma kamar shinge, kuma ba a cika girman su ba 40-55 cm, rabuwa cikin rukuni daban - Roses, patios (miniflora), waɗanda ake amfani dasu don yin ado da yadi.

Ya dace da ƙirƙirar iyakoki da kyau kuma duba cikin manyan ƙungiyoyin dasawa. Da kyau yi haƙuri da ruwa yanayin, resistant ga mutane da yawa cututtuka.

Mafi yawan wakilan m:

• Firgici mai ban tsoro;
• Kyautar Fragrand;
• Melody Maker

Grandiflora

Babban-fure, ya bayyana a lokacin tsallake-tsallaken shayi da kuma furannin fure. Saboda ƙirƙirar harbe mai tsawo, ana amfani dasu don yankan. Zasu iya yin fure akai-akai tsawon watanni, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ake amfani da su don yin ado da lambuna.

Manyan fitattun wakilai sune: Sarauniya Elizabeth Rose da Sonja.

Koyaya, a cikin ƙasashen Turai da yawa wannan rukunin ba a bisa hukuma ba bisa hukuma kuma an rarrabe nau'ikansa azaman furannin floribunda.

Aturean ƙarami

Wadannan wardi dwarf suna da kama sosai da polyanthus. Su ne karami m sau da yawa mai siffar zobe bushes, tsawo cm 30. Single buds ko tattara a inflorescences. Launi daban-daban, kullun launuka masu laushi. Yin tsayayya da sanyi da cututtuka daban-daban. Ana yawo a duk lokacin bazara.

Ana amfani dasu azaman ado don baranda, girma cikin tukwane da kwantena. Lambun yana da kyau a cikin shimfidar gadaje na fure, kamar iyakoki kuma an haɗu da furannin dwarf.

Goge goge

Wani sunan shine braids. Bushesaƙƙarfan fayiloli masu yaduwa da shimfiɗa 200-250 cm Tsayi.Rashin harbe yana haɗe da saurin haɓaka, ana buƙatar mai garter ga goyon baya. Furanni suna da yawa, ana ninki biyu ko kuma akwai furanni masu sauƙin kama da fure mai shaƙatawa. Ƙanshi ya ƙunshi shayi, musky da bayanin amfanin itace.

Groupungiyar goge-goge sun haɗa da wardi na Kanada da Austin. Ana tsayayya da yanayi da kowace irin cuta. Suna tsayayya da hunturu da kyau, basu da ma'ana a cikin barin.

Polyanthus

Wannan rukunin ya bayyana a Faransa. Inflorescences suna a ƙarshen harbe kuma sun ƙunshi babban adadin ƙananan buds daga 20 zuwa 60 guda. Kurmi yana da girman 40-60 cm, matsakaici, ƙwararraki cikin kulawa.

Yaan wardi na Polyanthus suna da wadataccen adadin fa'idodi:

• karancin ƙaya;
• babban mahimmanci, sauƙin dawo da shi daga tushe;
• yana ba da haƙuri ga sanyi da kwaro;
• furanni suna riƙe danshin su da bayyanarsu na tsawan kwanaki 10-14;
• na iya girma daga tsaba;
• Yana yarda da wuce haddi danshi;
• Ji mai kyau a kan wurin da aka rufe.

Rawanin giya

Yawancin nau'ikan kungiyar sune Vishurian fure hybrids. Ingantaccen tsayi tsawon cm 200-1500. Furannin ƙananan ƙananan 2-3.5 cm, duk da haka, ana tattara su cikin manyan ƙididdigar yawan gaske. Ya dace da yin ado da shinge, samar da shinge, ajizanci.

Suna da sake zagayowar shekaru biyu na ci gaba da mai tushe. A cikin shekarar farko, tsawon sifilin mai tsiro ya tsiro daga ƙasa, a shekara ta biyu, harbe a kaikaice tare da buds suna fitowa a tsakiyarsu da babba. A cikin yanayi mai zuwa, lashes na matasa sunyi girma daga ƙasa da kuma ƙananan ƙananan sassan rassan bara.

Shayi

An ba da sunan ne saboda ƙanshin ƙaiƙarin waɗannan wardi. Furanni suna da kyawawan sifofi da tabarau mai ƙyalli na fure, jimlar wadda ta kai guda 60. Littattafan su ne manyan zagaye ko doguwar kaifi, siffar ta dogara da iri-iri. Akwai ƙananan fure biyu na 50 cm, kuma sigar 200 cm mai tsayi.

Babban hasara na wannan nau'in shine karancin juriya da sanyi.

Misalan iri:

• Farati;
• Gloirede Dijon.

Murfin ƙasa

Wadannan tsirrai masu rarrafe tare da kananan furanni da dogo mai tsayi suna da asali ga fure na Rugosa da duhun daji na Vihua. Saboda wannan tsallaka, wasu nau'ikan ruwan kasa sun bayyana:

• Cmananan cm 45 da matsakaici daga 50 cm.
• Manyan 100 cm kuma tsayi sama da 110 cm tare da harbe-harben kwari.

Dusar ƙanƙara mai sanyi, wasu suna da isasshen hasken wuta, da yawa lokacin hunturu ƙarƙashin wani dusar ƙanƙara. A barin unpretentious, da kyau kai tushen.

Filin shakatawa

Park wardi - dogayen bishiyoyi 150 cm, tare da ciyayi mai yawa. Yawancin iri suna tsayayya da sanyi kuma suna cikakke ga yankuna tare da yanayin sanyi. Flowering a farkon farkon Yuni.

Wardi na lambun - ainihin mahimmancin ka'idodin namo da kulawa

Kowane tsire-tsire yana da fifiko kuma akwai fasali a cikin kula da wardi. Ofayan ɗayan maɓallan don cin nasara shine ainihin wurin da shuka. Furanni sun fi son wuraren haske da aka kiyaye su daga zane ko kuma iska ta iska. Kada bushesan yayi tsawo a rana, musamman ma ga wasu launuka masu launin duhu waɗanda ke iya kashe wuta cikin sauƙi.

Mafi yawan zafin jiki shine + 18 ... +25 ° C, a mafi girman dabi'un tsire-tsire zasu sami konewar fararen ganye, furanni kuma zasu bushe.

Na gaba, kuna buƙatar datsa, ruwa da ciyar da shuka, waɗannan mahimman ka'idojin namo za a tattauna a ƙasa.

Ilasa da mulching

Mafi ƙasa tana da wadata a cikin humus, sako-sako, da kyau zuwa danshi da iska. Rashin isashshen sunadarin oxygen zai shafi ci gaban tushe. Shouldasa ya kamata ta zama ɗan pH 6.0-6.5 na acidic, don wuraren da ke da yanayin sanyi, alkaline pH 7.0 ya fi kyau. Don haɓaka acidity, ƙara peat ko kwayoyin, alal misali, taki.

Suarancin da ba su dace ba - marshy kuma sun yi laushi sosai, danshi mai yawa yana haifar da jujjuyawar tushen da mutuwa.

Tsakanin fure bushes, zaku iya dasa murfin ƙasa ko ciyawa, wanda zai zama kyakkyawan kayan mulching, yana ba ƙasa ƙasa friability. Kuna iya amfani da kwakwalwan itace ko girki.

Kiwo

Sake bugun bushes na faruwa ne ta hanyar ciyayi. Don hawan hawa da manyan nau'ikan, rooting na layering zai zama hanya mafi kyau. A saboda wannan, ana zaɓan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan harba, wanda akan yi madaidaicin cm 8 Bayan haka, an haɗa kara tare da tsutsotsi a ƙasa kuma yayyafa shi da ƙasa. Lokaci na gaba ana iya rabuwa dashi.

Wani zaɓi shine amfani da yanke. Don yin wannan, a lokacin bazara ko farkon lokacin bazara, zaɓi mai tushe mai ƙarfi ba tare da lalacewa ba kuma yanke su cikin guda tare da tsawon 15-20 cm. Babban yanke ya kamata ya kasance a kusurwar dama, kuma ya kamata a yi ƙasa da digiri 45. An cire faranti. Za'a iya shimfiɗa seedlings a cikin rami da aka yi a cikin ƙasa, yafa masa ƙasa mai kwance a wani kusurwa. Dole a rufe saman da gilashin filastik ko gilashi.

A gaba bazara, za a iya dasa tushen tushe a cikin gado mai fure tare da shirye ƙasa mai kwance.

Yin kwalliya da gyarawa

Dangane da aikin da ke gaban mai girki, akwai nau'ikan pruning 5:

• tsari;
• tsafta;
• kan fure;
• bakin ciki;
• anti-tsufa.

Wani daji da aka dasa a cikin bazara makonni 2-3 bayan karbuwa a cikin sabon wuri zai fara aiki da harbe. Daga wannan lokacin, zaku iya samar da shuka. Da yawa ne gaba a girman sauran mai tushe daga sama dole ne a pinched. Kuna buƙatar yin wannan bayan bayyanar 4 zanen gado. Ta wannan hanyar, an cimma daidaituwar daji. Gyara nau'ikan ya kamata ya ci gaba har zuwa Agusta, yana ba da damar zuwa fure. Na farko pruning koyaushe ana yin sa ne a cikin bazara, koda kuwa an dasa fure ne a cikin bazara.

Ana yin tsabtace jiki bayan buɗewar bushes a cikin bazara, bazara da kuma lokacin ɓataccen lokacin. Duk daskararre da rashin ci gaba mai tushe sun yanke. Koyaya, a cikin kaka ya zama dole don barin harbe lokaci mai tsawo, wannan zai taimaka don ceton su daga mutuwa a ƙananan zafin jiki.

A wasu bushes, sprouts tare da ƙananan ganye na iya fara bayyana a wurin alurar, wannan shine ci gaban daji. Dole ne a yanke shi a tushe na wuyan wuyansa, a share shi daga ƙasa.

Ana tsabtace furanni masu bushe, wannan yana taimakawa wajen kula da kamannin da suke da shi. Kuna buƙatar yanke fiye da ganyayyaki 2-3 da toho mai tasowa, nisa daga gare ta ya kamata ya zama cm 0-0-08. A ƙarshen bazara, filayen bushe ba su yanke ba. Cire su na iya haifar da ci gaban sababbin harbe-harbe, waɗanda ba a shirya su da kyau don hunturu.

Ana yin aski lokacin rani don yanke duk mai rauni da mai kitse wanda ya haifar da daji mai yawa. Itatuwa mai tsire-tsire mai bakin ciki da yawa suna zama ganima ga kwari. Makafi ba tare da shuɗi ba kuma suna buƙatar a gajarta, barin ganye guda 4-5.

Magungunan rigakafin tsufa sun zama dole don bushes na ƙara don ƙara rayuwarsu a gonar. Tsire-tsire suna buƙatar a datse su sosai, amma ya kamata a yi hakan a matakai da yawa domin daji ya iya dacewa kafin faɗuwar. Hakanan wajibi ne don tono da yanke sassan bushe na mai tushe.

Watse

Yaro girma yana buƙatar adadin ruwa mai kyau. Koyaya, a matakai daban daban na haɓaka, buƙatar daji a cikin ruwa ba ɗaya bane. Babban buƙatar ruwa ya tashi yayin haɓaka harbe, bayyanar ganye da bayan fure na farko. Don tsirrai ɗaya, ana buƙatar lita 15-20, kuma a cikin zafi, ya kamata a ƙara yawan sha har zuwa sau 2 a mako. Rashin danshi zai yi tasiri sosai ga mai tushe kuma, musamman, furanni, za su zama iri na da baya.

Ruwa ya kamata ya zama mai ɗumi, tushen tushen wardi baya jure sanyi. An ba da shawarar zuba ruwan da aka zazzage daga ruwa mai zurfi tare da rafi na bakin ciki a cikin tushe na shuka, da hankali kada ka samu ganyayyaki. Karku sanya ƙasa a cikin wuta, sannan kuma amfani da tiyo.

Farawa a watan Satumba, ana buƙatar rage ruwa sosai. Babban adadin ruwa a wannan lokacin yana tayar da tsire-tsire don girma sababbin harbe, waɗanda basu da lokacin shirya sosai don hunturu kuma suka mutu. Sabili da haka, yawancin masu girbin furanni suna dakatar da danshi na ƙasa gaba ɗaya a wannan lokacin. Koyaya, idan yanayin ya bushe kuma ba tare da ruwan sama ba, ya kamata ka rama rashin ƙarancin ruwa a cikin adadin lita 10-12 a kowane daji sau ɗaya a mako. Wannan zai taimakawa Tushen adana ruwa don hunturu.

Manyan miya

Don ci gaban da ya dace da haɓakar shuka, kuna buƙatar musanya takin gargajiya da ma'adinai. An shigar da su cikin ƙasa mai daɗaɗɗa mai kyau, suna tashi daga ƙwanƙolin tushe na 10-15 cm Bayan rarraba, ana aiwatar da wani ban ruwa.

An matasa da balagagge bushes suna ciyar da daban. A cikin farkon shekarar shuka, ana buƙatar amfani da takin mai magani a kananan ƙananan sau 2-3 a kowace kakar. Za'a iya yin ƙarin matakan 5-6 sau na biyu a shekara ta biyu na rayuwar fure.

Tushen tare da babban abun ciki na abubuwa masu guba:

• Hakanan za a iya juya taki iri tare da peat a cikin rabo na 2: 1. Yana decomposes sannu a hankali, kullun cike ƙasa.
• Tsuntsayen Tsuntsaye: Tataccen aiki wanda ke da wadatar nitrogen. Zai fi kyau amfani da tsari na ruwa a sikari na 1:10. Buckets tare da mafita zai isa 2-3 bushes.
• Itace ash. Da ke sa kasar gona alkaline.
• Tashin hankali daga wasu sassan tsirrai.

Babban abubuwan da ke tattare da sunadarai don wardi an gabatar dasu a cikin tebur:

Mafi yawan tsire-tsire masu gina jiki ya kamata su karɓa a cikin bazara a lokacin haɓaka aiki da budding. Domin kada kuyi kuskure tare da adadin manyan riguna, ya kamata ku takin cikin matakai 5 bisa ga wannan tsarin:

Abubuwan da ake samarwa suna dogara ne akan guga na ruwa.

Cutar da kwari

Girma wardi shine rigakafin dacewa na cututtuka ko kwari. Ya kamata a bincika akalla sau 1-2 a cikin kwanaki 7. Wannan zai ba ka damar gano matsalar a matakin farko da kuma hana mutuwar fure.

Duk wuraren da suka lalace ya kamata a cire su, basa buƙatar tura su takin, ya fi kyau a zubar ko ƙonewa.

Idan tsabtacewa na tsabta bai taimaka ba, ya kamata a yi amfani da magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta, misali, Abiga-Peak, Topaz, Skor. Kuna iya amfani da magungunan gargajiya. Don sanin dalilin cutar malalar shuka da kuma samun maganin da ya dace zai taimaka wa tebur:

Dukkanin cututtuka suna shafar bayyanar ado na furanni da tsananin tsananin hunturu.

Shirye-shiryen hunturu

Tsarin wardi tsari ne mai mahimmanci kuma mai mahimmanci, saboda shiri na shuka yana farawa tun farkon yanayin sanyi. Daga rabin na biyu na watan Agusta, ya kamata a yiwa ayyukan maigidan da nufin dakatar da ci gabansa. Don yin wannan, rage ruwa da kuma kayan miya, lokacin da ruwan sama yake jan polyethylene akan bushes. A hankali girma harbe tsunkule.

Lokacin da zafin jiki ya sauka zuwa 0 ° C, wardi su daina girma kuma su tara abubuwan abinci. Kirkirar halitta na faruwa, saboda haka kar a rufe tsire-tsire da wuri.

Mataki na ƙarshe na shiri shine farkon Nuwamba. Wajibi ne a cire sauran faranti na ganye kuma a yanka bushes zuwa tsawo na 40-45 cm. Bayan haka, cika shi da kayan dumama: busasshen ɗanɗano, zai fi dacewa coniferous, a cikin adadin buhu 3 a kowane daji. Kuna iya amfani da peat, bayan kun gauraya shi da yashi, rassan coniferous ko kawai kuyi shi da duniyan ƙasa.

Wasu lokuta ana yin amfani da ginin gida na gida mai zurfin 50-60 cm daga karfe ko bututu da kayan rufin. Koyaya, wannan irin rufin bushes bai dace da wuraren bushewa ba.

Esawan itace furanni ne na keɓaɓɓiyar kyakkyawa, waɗanda launuka iri daban-daban, launuka da launuka suka wakilta Tare da kulawa da kyau da kulawa da kyau game da shawarwarin, koda mai farawa zai ƙirƙiri abubuwa da yawa a cikin lambu tare da waɗannan tsirrai.