Akwai nau'ikan innabi da yawa, gami da waɗancan biredin musamman mawuyacin yanayin yanayi na Rasha. Koyaya, ba duk ire-iren ke hada irin wannan fa'idodin kamar kyakkyawan yanayin hunturu ba, yawan aiki mai tsayi da rayuwa mai tsari Idan kuna da sha'awar waɗannan halaye, ya kamata ku kula da ƙarshen tebur na inabi na Moldova, wanda, tare da kulawa ta dace, zai ba da babbar amfanin gona mai yawa da mai laushi, albeit dan kadan m.
Tarihin bunkasar kasar ta Moldova
Maballin Moldova iri-iri sun bayyana ta hanyar ƙoƙarin masana kimiyya daga Cibiyar Bincike ta Moldavian na Viticulture da Winemaking na ɗan lokaci - a 1974. "Iyaye" na Moldova sune iri Guzal Kara da Ajiye Saillar 12-375. Tun 1975, sabon iri-iri ya wuce gwajin jihar. A cikin 1986, an saka inabiwan Moldova a cikin rajista na jihohi kuma an ba da shawarar yin namo a cikin Arewacin Caucasus da ƙananan Volga. A yanzu, ana girma sosai cikin Russia da Ukraine. Yawancin suna da wani madadin suna - Late Kodryanka.
Bayanin sa
Moldova mallakar ƙarshen tebur iri ne. Shekaru 160-165 sun tashi daga lokacin da furannin suka buɗe don su huɗa, don haka wani lokaci inabi ba su da lokacin shuka cikakke a yankuna masu sanyi. Ana amfani da busassun haɓaka mai ƙarfi. A vines an rufe da manyan, kusan ba dissected ganye, da ƙananan surface wanda aka rufe da rauni bristly pubescence. Bloova na fure tare da furanni na bisexual, don haka ba a buƙatar nau'in pollinating.
Inabi an rufe shi da dunƙule da kakin zuma mai yawa.
Bunches an kafa shi sosai a cikin 5-6 nodes, ƙidaya daga tushe na itacen inabi. Manyan gungu (a kan matsakaita 400-600 g, har zuwa girman 1 kg) suna girma akan turɓaya tsawon 4-5 cm kuma suna da siffar silima, wani lokacin tare da "fikafikan". Tsarin goge ya kasance sako-sako. Manyan (har zuwa 6 g) m berries an rufe da lokacin farin ciki duhu purple (wani lokacin kusan baki) fata tare da m waxy shafi. A cikin kowane Berry yana ɓoye 2-3, lokaci-lokaci 4 tsaba. Theangaren litattafan almara suna da daskararru, ɗan ƙaramin tsarin kere kere. A dandano ba shi da wani fasali, a cikin mataki na fasaha ripeness ne quite m. Abubuwan da ke tattare da ascorbic acid a cikin ruwan 'ya'yan itace suna da yawa sosai (8-9 g / l), yayin da sugars suna da 18-19%. Yayin ajiyar kaya, acidity a hankali yana raguwa, ƙima yana ingantawa.
Bambancin Moldova - bidiyo
Halaye iri-iri
Inabi na Moldova yana da fa'idodi da yawa waɗanda ke bayyana shahararsa a tsakanin lambu:
- saurin shiga cikin fruiting (shekaru 2-3 bayan dasa);
- babban aiki (har zuwa 4 kilogiram daga 1 m2 gonar inabinsa, har zuwa kilogiram 150 daga daji 1 a lokacin yana da shekaru 8-10, har zuwa kilo 165 a kowace 1 ha);
- kyakkyawan jigilar kaya da karko;
- matsakaici jure shan kashi by mildew da launin toka rot, da wuya shafi phylloxera;
- matsakaita lokacin sanyi (tsayayya da sanyi zuwa ƙasa -22) game daC)
- kyakkyawar ikon sakewa.
Rashin dacewar iri-iri:
- a sauƙaƙe ya shafa da ganiya;
- babban ragi wajen adanawa da jigilar kaya idan anyi girbi mara kyau;
- raguwa a cikin ingancin amfanin gona tare da saukar da ko nauyin daji.
Fasali na dasa da kuma girma inabi Moldova
Don samun kyakkyawan ci gaba a cikin bushes, kuna buƙatar zaɓar ƙasa madaidaiciya. Inabi ba sa son ƙasa mai laushi sosai, ya yi muni kuma ya fi fama da cututtukan fungal. Idan ruwan ƙasa ya kasance kusa da farfajiya a cikin yankin ku, dole ne a samar da magudanar ruwa.
Bushesasashen bushes suna buƙatar haske mai kyau da wuta mai yawa, saboda haka yana da kyau a sanya su a gefen kudu na gonar. Cutar iska mai sanyi da iska mai ƙarfi da ke cutar ci gaban shuka. Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan lokacin zabar wani wuri kuma samar da daji tare da kariyar da ta dace.
Dokokin saukarwa
Kamar bishiyoyi masu 'ya'yan itace, ana shuka inabi a damina da damina. Kuna iya shukawa a cikin zafin jiki na akalla +15 game daC, da kasa + 10 ... +11 game daC.
Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin kaka, kuna buƙatar tuna cewa akalla wata ɗaya ya kamata ya kasance kafin sanyi, kuma wani matashi daji yana buƙatar rufe shi daidai don hunturu.
Yawancin lambu sun fi son shuka inabi a cikin bazara, don 'ya'yan inabin su ɗauki tushe daga kaka - wannan zai sauƙaƙa lokacin hunturu.
Moldova ya dace da dasa shuki a kan tushen sa, haka kuma don grafting akan ma'aunin daji.
Idan kana son yin rigakafi, an yanke ƙananan suturar tare da weji da yawa milimita daga ƙananan ido kuma an nitsar cikin ruwa na awanni 24. Tsohon tsintsiyar tsabtace datti kuma datti fita tare da jagged grafts, an sanya itace a cikin tsaga kuma an ja shi ta hanyar tsinkayar masana'anta mai ƙarfi.
Alurar riga kafi na inab a shtamb - bidiyo
Lokacin da sayen saurin gama, duba tsarin saiti. Kada ku ɗauki kayan dasawa tare da asalinsu ko asalinsu mai rauni.
Za a saka itacen daskararre cikin ruwa domin ya sami tushe
Za'a iya shirya safarar ruwa (chubuk tare da tushen) da kansa. Don wannan, an sanya itacen ɓawon itace a cikin ruwa yana jiran Tushen ya fito da fararen fata. Kuna iya dasa tushen shuka ciyawar a cikin tukunyar filawa tare da ƙasa mai gina jiki. Kafin dasa shuki, za a iya tsoma tsirin a cikin maganin Humate - wannan yana kara yawan rayuwa da zuriya.
Zaka iya shirya kyawawan 'ya'yan itace ta hanyar dasa shuki a cikin kwandon shara tare da kayan abinci mai gina jiki
An dasa shuki da aka shirya cikin ramuka waɗanda aka riga aka shirya tare da zurfin 60-70 cm da diamita na 90-100 cm. sarshen ramin an kwance shi da farar filafil, an rufe shi da 2/3 na cakuda abinci mai gina jiki daga humus ko wasu ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙasa doki. Wannan yadudduka an yayyafa shi da dunƙule na ƙasa. A hankali seedling (matasa Tushen suna gaggautsa) sa a cikin wani rami kuma fada barci a cikin ƙasa. Bayan dasawa, ana buƙatar shayar da shuka tare da bulo biyu na ruwa da ƙasa na ƙasa ta fiske. Yana da kyau a ƙulla ɗan kyan itace zuwa fegi.
A lokacin da dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa waterlogged a kasan ramin, kana buƙatar zuba lokacin farin ciki Layer na abu magudanar ruwa
A nisa tsakanin m bushes na inabõbi ya kamata a kalla 3.5 - 4 m, jere jerawa - 5 m.
Kula da innabi
Bambancin Moldova yana da sauƙin ɗaukar nauyi, a cikinsa akwai raguwar sabbin berries da rage yawan amfanin ƙasa. Don haka don samun amfanin gona masu inganci, dole ne a yanke bushes ɗin, kuma a shayar da shi a kai a kai.
Watse
Kodayake Moldova ba ya son waterlogging, yana buƙatar ɗaukar ruwa akai-akai domin ƙasa ta kasance m. Don haka, sabanin sauran nau'ikan, waɗanda suke isa a shayar da su sau 2-3 a kowace kakar, Masa'a na buƙatar shayar da akalla sau 1 a wata, har ma fiye da yanayin yanayi mai zafi da fari. Matsakaita na ban ruwa an tsara shi gwargwadon yanayin ƙasa (lokacin da ta bushe, wani shayarwa ya zama dole). Don kauce wa yawan shaye shaye, yana da kyau a haƙa ɗakin magudanar ruwan magudanar ruwa.
Manyan miya
Takin takin gargajiya da ingantaccen tsarin ma'adanai - nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, sun dace da ciyar da inabi.
Ana amfani da takin mai magani sau 3-4 a kowace kakar, zai fi dacewa da ruwa. A lokacin bazara, ana gabatar da mahadi na nitrogen; a lokacin rani, ana kara potassium da phosphorus. An bada shawarar gabatar da kwayoyin ne kawai a ƙarshen kaka kowace shekara 2-3. Tare da aikace-aikacen bazara na abubuwa masu guba, dandano na berries na iya lalacewa.
Mai jan tsami
Innabi na innabi ana yin kowace shekara a lokacin bazara ko kaka. Yana da muhimmanci a aiwatar da aikin a lokacin dormant - kafin a buɗe ayoyin ko bayan ganye sun faɗi. Pruning yana farawa daga saman harba. A kan kowane itacen inabi kuna buƙatar barin idanuna 7-9, kuma lokacin ƙirƙirar daji mai tsayi, idanu 4-6. A cikin duka, babu fiye da buds 70 ya kamata ya kasance a kan daji. Bayan haka, idan aka kafa tarin tari mai yawa, kuna buƙatar daidaita kayan amfanin gona domin ku guji cika daji. A kowane harbe, yana da kyau a bar gungu 1-2.
Don lokacin hunturu, kuna buƙatar yanke harbe marasa amfani
Bugu da ƙari ga samar da pruning, yana da mahimmanci don cire bushe da ya fi bakin ciki, kuma a cikin fall don yanke vines marasa lignified.
Tsara don hunturu
Harden hunturu na Moldova yana da kyau, amma idan akwai sanyi a yankin ku fiye da -23 game daC, to hunturu zai buƙaci tsari. Bayan da damin kaka, an ɗaure vines ɗin tare, a lanƙwasa ƙasa kuma an rufe shi da hay, fim ko geotextile.
Don adana bushes daga daskarewa, yana da kyau a runtume su a ƙasa kuma a rufe da fim a saman
Idan bushes bai dauki tsari don hunturu ba, yana da buƙatar ciyawa ƙasa a cikin radius na 1-1.5 daga gangar jikin tare da sumul ko peat kafin farkon yanayin sanyi. A cikin bazara, dole ne a cire ciyawa.
Jiyya kan cututtuka da kwari
Kasar Moldova tana da kyakkyawan jure mildew da sauran cututtuka, amma hakan zai iya shafa ta. Wannan cutar tana shafar ingancin amfanin gona, saboda haka yana da kyau a aiwatar da hanyoyin kariya tare da cakuda Bordeaux (1: 100 rabo) ko wasu shirye-shiryen tagulla. Ana aiwatar da jiyya ta farko kwanaki 7-10 kafin fure, na biyu - bayan samuwar goge-goge. Don aiki, ruwa Bordeaux galibi ana amfani dashi.
Daga cikin kwari, inabi suna tsoron kawai wasps, amma wannan bai shafi Moldova ba - a lokacin da amfanin gona na ciyawa yake tonowa, kusan ba zai faru ba.
Girbi, adanawa da amfanin gona
Yawanci, Moldova ripens a watan Satumba. Girbe da safe ta amfani da pruning shears. Ana goge goge sosai a cikin kwalaye. Godiya ga fatar lokacin farin ciki, an adana 'ya'yan itacen inabi kuma sun jure sufuri
Inabi na Moldova a cikakke cikakke - bidiyo
Za'a iya adanar 'ya'yan inabi a cikin daki mai sanyi na watanni 2-3 ko ma ya fi tsayi. Feungiyoyi suna da kyau an rataye su akan igiyoyi ko trellises; ana iya sa karamin dankalin turawa a ƙwanƙashin ƙafa don rage bushewa.
Za'a iya barin ɓangaren amfanin gona akan daji har sai sanyi, amma kuna buƙatar tuna cewa irin waɗannan inabi an adana mafi muni.
Lokacin da aka tsince shi, Kasar Moldova tana da matukar tsami, amma a lokacin ajiya tana samun kyakkyawan Sweets. Ana iya amfani da shi sabo don yin raisins da ruwan inabi.
Nasiha
Moldova yana cikin kanta mafi yawan nau'in innabi na acidic. Ba sa barin shi ya sha giya, domin irin wannan ruwan inabin acid din kawai don mai son ne. I.e. koda Moldova yana narkarda (sukari da yawa sun tara), to har yanzu akwai sauran acid a ciki. Kuma bayan fermentation, lokacin da duk sukari yake fermented, wannan acid ya ragu.
sake//otvet.mail.ru/question/95590818
Ba zan taɓa fahimtar abu mai kyau a ƙasar Moldova ba. Na gwada shi da mutane daban-daban, daidai yake da ko'ina. Me yasa zaka yi karo da shi, "jira har sai ya farfado" idan zaka iya shuka iri dake aiki da kyau a kowace shekara kuma ba kwa buƙatar jira? Na fahimci cewa idan a cikin Moldova akwai wasu shahararrun kayan adon da za a iya yaƙi, waɗanda ke fitowa lokacin cikakke, kamar Citron Maragac da aka samu bayanan citron ... Amma a Moldova babu wani abu mai kyau ...
Vadim daga Rostov//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?p=29284#p29284
Moldova, daji daya, alurar riga kafi akan tsohuwar tushen Lydia a cikin rabuwa, alurar rigakafin shekaru 4. Na riƙe saboda dalilai biyu: maƙwabta na maƙwabta ba su da ƙoƙari sosai a kan berries kuma don adana berries mai duhu ya zuwa yanzu mafi kyau.
Evgeny Anatolyevich, Tervropol Territory//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=739
Musamman a Kudancin babu isasshen nau'in marigayi mai kyau. Lokacin da aka gama cin 'ya'yan inabin duka .... Ina so ... Don haka aka adana Maoava kuma an rataye shi da kyau akan daji. Suna kasuwanci dashi kusan har zuwa sabuwar shekara! Wannan yana da kyau.
Yanina Viktorovich//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=61&t=147&start=270
Tabbas, akwai wasu nau'ikan da suka wuce, ingancin su kawai ya yi nisa da Moldova, a cikin 2016, a cikin kasuwanni, a cikin shagunan, ban sami wani abu mafi kyau fiye da Moldova ba, mai dadi tare da acidity (yana da wuya har ma kiran acidity)
Vardan, Krasnodar//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=61&t=147&start=270
A cikin yanayin shafin na, Moldova yana da ban mamaki. Ko da a cikin 2008, shekara mara kyau don abinci, babu abin da ya rage don ajiya - sun ci komai. Ina da kwarewar girma duka biyu a cikin arbor da kuma trellis. A trellis da gaske ripens daga baya, inda ake samun karfi girma more. Ko da don tsufa, dole ne ya zama al'ada, saboda a daya harbi bada har zuwa 4 inflorescences. Na bar ƙananan inflorescence, cire sauran - don haka akan 3-4 harbe kuma maye gurbin bakararre. Ina maku fatan samun nasara a dukkan ci gaban kasar ta Moldova!
Andrew, Yuzhnoukrainsk//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=739
Tebur inabi Moldova cikakke ne don girma a cikin yanayin Rasha. Iri-iri suna da sauƙin sauƙaƙewa don kulawa da kuma samar da ingantattun samfurori. Abin sani kawai kuna buƙatar datsa bushes a kai a kai kuma ku ciyar da su a kai a kai. Babu buƙatar jin tsoron ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano na berries - yayin ajiya suna samun zaƙi.
