Alayyafo tsire-tsire ne mai ban mamaki wanda ke da yawan adadin kaddarorin masu amfani kuma ba shi da ƙima sosai. Koyaya, akwai ƙa'idodi da yawa game da yawan shuka da shuka. Kuna buƙatar sanin kanku tare da wannan bayanin don aiwatar da waɗannan matakan daidai kuma samar da alayyafo tare da mafi kyawun yanayi don ci gaba.
Shiri na tsaba alayyafo don shuka a kasar gona da seedlings
Lokacin aiki tare da tsaba, yi ƙoƙarin yin amfani da ruwa mai laushi a zazzabi a ɗakin - narke, ruwan sama ko tafasa. Idan kayi amfani da ruwan famfo, to da farko kare shi lokacin rana.
Abubuwan feshin sune launin ruwan kasa da ƙanana.
Ba kamar sauran albarkatu ba, alayyafo baya buƙatar cikakken girbin shuka, amma ba shi da mahimmanci a sakaci saboda gaskiyar cewa zuriyarsa suna da ƙazamar m kuma yana da wuya a gare su su yi tsiro da kansu.
- Sifantawa Tafiya cikin tsaba kuma a cire waɗanda ke da lahani, kuma a raba sauran da girma.
- Sosai a cikin ruwa mai tsabta. Sanya wani zane na auduga a kasan farantin, sanya tsaba a kai sannan ka kara wadataccen ruwa domin ya dan rufe su da kadan. Sanya kayan aikin a cikin wani wuri mai duhu na yini guda, canza ruwa kowane sa'o'i 4 sannan kuma ka tabbata cewa ana girka tsaba koyaushe (ana iya rufe su da wani yanki mai soyayyar). Sai ki cire tsaba ki bushe dan kadan.
- Rashin kamuwa da cuta. Sanya tsaba a cikin mintina 10 a cikin haske mai ruwan hoda na potassium permanganate (tsarma 1 g na foda a cikin ruwa na 200 ml). Don haka cire su, kurkura cikin ruwa mai tsabta kuma bushe.
Wajibi ne a shuka iri-iri alayyafo don tabbatar da ingantacciyar ƙwayar su
Spinach tsaba shirya ta wannan hanyar ana shuka nan da nan a cikin ƙasa.
Shuka shuka alayyafo
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ba a da girma alayyafo shuka, tun da akwai haɗarin haɗari da lalata tushen laushi lokacin dasawa. Amma idan kuna son shirya seedlings, ya fi amfani da ƙananan kwantena mutum don shuka. An bada shawara don bayar da fifiko ga tukwane na peat ko allunan peat, tunda a wannan yanayin ba lallai ne ku fitar da tsiro daga gare su ba lokacin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa.
Shuka a cikin kwantena daban-daban (tebur)
| Iyawa | Peat tukunya (100-200 ml) ko kuma filastik | Peat kwamfutar hannu (fi so diamita 4 cm) |
| Lokacin shuka | Ofarshen Maris - farkon Afrilu | Ofarshen Maris - farkon Afrilu |
| Fasahar shuka |
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Otsan buɗe ido zai bayyana a cikin kwanaki 5-7, bayan wannan zaka iya cire fim ɗin. Danshi ƙasa a cikin yanayin da zai dace kuma ku bar iska ta zama (10 min 2 sau 2 a rana), kuma lokacin da sprouts suka bayyana, a hankali su fesa su daga bindiga. Yana da kyau a dasa shuki a ƙasa a buɗe tun yana ɗan shekara 15-20, ƙidaya daga lokacin shuka.
Shuka alayyafo seedlings zai fi dacewa a cikin tukwane peat ko allunan peat
Bude Tsinkayar shuka
Lokacin dasawa da kulawa da alayyafo a cikin fili, dole ne a samar da yanayin da ya dace don haɓaka, zaɓi wurin da ya dace kuma aiwatar da duk matakan da suka kamata.
Tsarin gado
Abubuwan da suka dace mai kyau don alayyafo sune dankali, cucumbers, radishes, beets da wasu irin kabeji (da wuri da kuma farin kabeji). A wuraren da marigayi kabeji da karas suka yi girma, alayyafo ba a son shi.
Yana da kyau a shirya gado don alayyahu a cikin kaka idan ana son shuka shi a cikin bazara, ko a ƙarshen watan Agusta idan kuna son shuka alayyafo a cikin hunturu. Lokacin shirya, la'akari da magabata ba kawai, har ma da ingancin ƙasa. Alayyafo ke tsiro mafi kyau a cikin wuraren rana tare da m sako-sako da kasa (yashi loam ko loamy) tare da tsaka tsaki acidity. Tona ƙasa da ƙara 4-5 kilogiram na humus, 200-300 g na ash da takin ma'adinai (urea - 10 g da superphosphate - 15 g) a 1 m2. Idan acid ɗin ya zama acidified, to liming 5-7 kwanaki kafin hadi: tono ƙasa 20 cm kuma yayyafa kayan abu (lemun tsami, gari dolomite) akan kuɗi na 200-300 g / m2.
Babban fasalin ƙasa na acidic ya haɗa da kasancewar ƙifar haske a farfajiya, ruwa mai ƙanshi a cikin ramuka da adadi mai yawa, kamar dandelion da horsetail.
Idan kana son dasa alayyafo a cikin bazara, sannan nan da nan kafin shuka, da sake sake tono wani mataccen gado, sannan a sassauta shi. Hakanan yana da kyawawa don ƙarfafa gado daga tarnaƙi tare da Slate ko allon: alayyafo yana buƙatar yawan ruwa mai yawan gaske, kuma wannan matakin zai taimaka wajen hana lalacewar gefenta.
Shuka alayyafo a ƙasa (tebur)
| Lokacin shuka | Spring - bazara | Fadowa |
| Zamanin shuka | Ofarshen Afrilu - farkon watan Mayu, lokacin da ƙasa ta yi zafi har zuwa +5game daC zuwa zurfin cm 10 A ƙarƙashin tsari na ɗan lokaci, za a iya shuka alayyafo a tsakiyar watan Afrilu. Za a iya yin amfanin gona na biyu da na gaba a kowane mako 2 har zuwa farkon watan Yuni, tunda al'adun sun haɓaka da kyau a yanayin zafi mai sanyi da tsaka-tsaki (+1)game daC - +24game daC) kuma tare da gajeren (10 h) hasken rana. Hakanan zaka iya shuka alayyafo daga farko zuwa ƙarshen watan Agusta, lokacin da zafi yayi sanyi. | Octoberarshen Oktoba - farkon Nuwamba, bayan farkon sanyi. |
| Tsarin shuka | Nisa tsakanin tsirrai a jere da kuma layuka lokacin shuka iri:
Nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire a jere lokacin dasa shuki:
| Ana shuka tsaba kawai bisa ga makirci da aka bada shawara don iri-iri. |
| Fasaha don shuka iri da dasa shuki | Shuka tsaba:
Dasa shuki:
Zabi 2. Tare da canji
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An kuma ba da shawarar lambu 'yan lambu a cikin Midland da sauran yankuna masu sanyi su ciya da gado. A saboda wannan dalili, bambaro ko sawdust yafa masa wani yanki na 5 cm ya dace. |
A bu mai kyau a shuka iri da shuka shuka alayyahu gwargwadon tsarin, lura da nisan da ke tsakanin layuka da plantings domin kada tsirrai su tsani juna.
Alayyafo ba ya amfani da amfanin gona tare da tushen tushen ƙarfi, saboda haka zaka iya sanya shi a kan gadaje tare da wasu tsire-tsire - eggplant, albasa, Dill, wake da Peas, tumatir da radishes. Dasa alayyafo kusa da seleri, zucchini, beets da bishiyar asparagus ba da shawarar ba.
Shuka alayyafo a cikin ƙasa (bidiyo)
Kamar yadda kake gani, shirya shuka ko shuka iri alayyahu ba karamar yarjejeniya ba ce, har ma waɗanda suka yi wannan girma da farko zasu jimre shi. Bi duk shawarwarin, yi aikin a kan kari, kuma zaku samar wa kanku da kyakkyawan amfanin gona.
