Redhaven wani tsohon ne kuma shahararrun peach na Amurkawa iri-iri. Ya kuma ƙaunace tare da lambu a cikin yankunan kudancin Rasha. Wadanda ba su saba da wannan nau'in ba ya kamata su san kansu da halaye da fasalin fasahar aikin gona don yanke shawara game da yuwuwar bunƙasa ta a shafin su.
Bayanin ire-ire da halaye
Peach Redhaven ya samu a Michigan (Amurka) a cikin 1940 sakamakon tsallakewa da masu peachin Halehaven da Calhaven. Zuwa yau, an bunkasa kasuwancinsa a Amurka, Kanada, Turai. A cikin Rajistar Jiha na Rasha, an saka peach a 1992 a karkashin sunan Redhaven a yankin Arewacin Caucasus.
Yankin yana da itace mai matsakaici-matsakaici tare da m, lebur-madauwari, kambi mai matsakaici. Matsakaici-sila da sila mai kamanni, kyawawan furanni masu fure a cikin watan Afrilu da fararen hutu kusan makonni biyu.
Matsakaici-sized da kararrawa-mai-launi, kyawawan furannin peach na Redhaven sun yi fure a watan Afrilu kuma sun yi kusan makonni biyu.
Babu wani bayani game da asalin aikin game da matsayin yawan haihuwa na iri-iri, kuma wasu sun bayar da rahoton sashin shan-gashin kansa da bada shawarar dasa iri da ke kusa da shi:
- Jakadan Salama;
- A ƙwaƙwalwar Shevchenko;
- Ranar tunawa da Zinare;
- Kyautar Kiev.
'Ya'yan itãcen sun ɗanɗana a farkon sauran nau'ikan - a cikin rabin na biyu na Yuli - farkon watan Agusta. Sakamakon tsawon lokacin nisan, zaka iya more 'ya'yan itacen tsawon sati biyu zuwa uku. Redhaven farkon farkon fruiting - a shekara ta uku - shekara ta huɗu bayan dasa shuki, kuma yana da shekaru goma amfaninsa ya riga yakai kilo 35-50 a kowace bishiya. A cewar wasu asusu, itaciya tana rayuwa tsawon lokaci wanda ba a saba ganin wannan al'ada ba - daga shekaru 20 zuwa 40. Irin waɗannan manya da manyan bishiyoyi suna da ikon samar da 'ya'yan itace har zuwa kilogram 100. Wannan peach yana da haɗari ga zubar da amfanin gona, wanda ke haifar da mummunar sare 'ya'yan itacen.
Itace furanni da furanni suna da kyakkyawan juriya na yankuna na kudu - har zuwa -25 ° C. Amma rashin haƙuri saboda yankuna na kudu bai isa ba, peach baya jure zafin da zafi. Rigakafin zuwa powdery mildew da kleasterosporiosis - matsakaici, don curly ganye - low.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne zagaye-zagaye, ɗan ƙarami, tsari da girman matsakaici. A cikin Rijistar Jiha, matsakaicin nauyin peach ɗaya yana cikin giram na 80-115, kuma bisa ga VNIISPK (Cibiyar Nazarin Russianwararrun Russianasa-foran Rasha don Kiwo ruitan itace), sun fi girma - 113-170 grams. 'Ya'yan itãcen suna da tabbaci a kan kututture, don haka ba su crumble na dogon lokaci. Ickaƙƙarfan itace da daskararren matsakaiciyar matsakaici suna ba da gudummawa ga kyakkyawan jigilar kayayyaki. Launin fata mai laushi flu walƙiya launin rawaya mai launin rawaya mai haske tare da walƙwalwa mai haske a cikin sama da 50% na tayin.
'Ya'yan itace peach na peat-m, zagaye-kadan, tsari da girman matsakaici
Pulwanƙwasa yana da rawaya (bisa ga VNIISPK) ko orange (kamar yadda rahoton Rajista na Jiha), mai daɗi, narkewa, mai daɗi, tare da ƙanshin mai ƙarfi da jituwa, kyakkyawan dandano. Abin dandanarsa shine maki 5 (a cewar wasu kafofin da ba a sani ba). Rabuwa da kasusuwa yayi matsakaici. Amfani da 'ya'yan itatuwa na duniya ne. Rayuwar shiryayye na peach a zazzabi a cikin daki shine kwanaki 2-3, kuma a cikin firiji - har zuwa mako guda.
Abvantbuwan amfãni da kuma rashin amfanin iri-iri
Taqaita bayanin nau'ikan, zamu lissafa manyan halaye na kwarai:
- Farkowar 'ya'yan itatuwa da wuri.
- Tsawaita lokacin girki.
- Balaga da wuri.
- Tsawon rayuwa.
- Karamin kambi.
- Kasuwancin 'ya'yan itatuwa.
- Kai Tsaye.
- Babban yawan amfanin ƙasa.
- Babban dandano na peach.
- Amfani na duniya.
Mun kuma nuna rashin nasara:
- Yankakaccen yanki mai girma saboda karancin juriya na sanyi.
- Rashin haƙuri mai ƙarancin fari.
- Halin da yake zubar da amfanin gona.
- Susarfin mai saukin kamuwa don ganyayyaki mai ƙarfi, isasshen juriya ga mildew powdery da klyasterosporioz.
Bidiyo: Batun sake duba girbi na Peach
Dasa Redhaven Peach
Redhaven an shuka shi bisa ga ka'idoji iri ɗaya kamar na sauran peaches. Waɗannan dokokin suna kamar haka:
- Da farko kuna buƙatar zaɓar wurin da ya dace. Fi dacewa, yakamata ya kasance:
- Da kyau lit.
- Ba mai narkewa ba, ba tare da ambaliyar ruwa ba, tare da teburin ruwan ƙasa a ƙarƙashin mita 1.5.
- An kare shi daga zane ko kuma iska mai sanyi a arewa.
- Kasancewa a kan m, kasa friable tare da acidity kusa da tsaka tsaki.
- Lokaci don dasa zaɓi kaka. Zai fi kyau a fara dasa shuki bayan bishiyun sun canza zuwa hutu makonni 3-4 kafin a fara sanyi.
- Ya kamata a shirya rami don dasa peach a cikin makonni 2-3. Girmanta yakamata yakai kusan santimita 80 a zurfi da inci. Bayan da aka haƙa rami, an cika shi da cakuda abinci mai gina jiki daga ƙasa mai daɗin ƙasa na sama (idan ba a can ba, to ana amfani da chernozem), peat, humus da yashi kogin da aka ɗauka a cikin daidai sassan.
Bayan an haƙa rami, ya cika da kayan abinci mai gina jiki.
- An dasa seedling ba tare da zurfafa tushen wuyansa ba. Zai fi kyau idan bayan saukowa zai zama 3-4 cm sama da matakin ƙasa.
An dasa seedling ba tare da zurfafa wuyan tushe ba - yana da kyau idan ya kasance 3-4 cm sama da matakin ƙasa bayan dasawa
- Ana kafa da'irar da'irar zagaye a kusa da seedling ta hanyar tara mai murɗa daga bakin rami mai saukowa.
- Shayar da shuka tare da ruwa mai yawa (kimanin bulo 4-5). Kuna iya yin wannan a cikin tricksan dabaru.
- An yi amfani da da'irar gangar jikin tare da firam na 5-10 cm. Ana amfani da kayan da suka dace da kayan lambu kamar ciyawa (fure mai narkewa, hujin sunflower, humus, peat, da sauransu).
- Yanke seedling a tsawo na 80-100 cm.
Fasali na namowa da kuma laifofin kulawa
Dokoki don peach na Redhaven peach da kula da ita suma sun zama ruwan-dare ga amfanin gona. Wasu kaddarorin nau'ikan suna buƙatar kulawa ta musamman ga waɗannan abubuwan:
- Rashin haƙuri mai ƙarancin fari yana haifar da buƙatar ƙarfafa ban ruwa yayin da ba'a samu ruwan sama ba. Yana da muhimmanci musamman a sanyaya ƙasa kafin fure, da kuma lokacin samarwa da 'ya'yan itatuwa. Idan bazara ta bushe, to ana shayar da peach kowane mako. Yana da amfani don ba da ruwa kambi ta hanyar yayyafa daga tiyo. Wannan ya kamata a yi da yamma, lokacin da zafi ya sauka.
- A lokacin da overloading amfanin gona ya kamata bisa al'ada. A lokaci guda, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari da ke tarayya da waɗanda ke makwabta an cire su da farko. Wannan zai taimaka wajen hana samuwar rot.
- Ana shirin hunturu. A cikin wuraren da akwai haɗarin sanyi na kwari a kan haushi da itace, ya kamata a sanya ƙananan tsire-tsire tare da kayan rufe kayan hunturu.
A cikin wuraren da akwai haɗarin sanyi na kwari a kan haushi da itace, ya kamata a sanya ƙananan tsire-tsire tare da kayan rufe kayan hunturu
Cututtuka da kwari - rigakafi da sarrafawa
Sakamakon mai yiwuwa daga iri-iri zuwa mummunan cutar fungal - ganyayyaki masu ganye - lokacin haɓaka bazai yuwu a yi ba tare da amfani da jami'in kariya na sinadarai ba. Suna buƙatar amfani dasu a cikin hadaddun matakan matakan kariya.
Tebur: jerin hanyoyin kariya don hana cututtukan peach da hare-hare na kwaro
| Karshe | Me akeyi | Ta yaya | An samu sakamako |
| Fadowa | Ka tattara ganyayyaki da suka faɗo ka ƙone shi | Halakar da spores na pathogens, kwaro larvae | |
| Fusoshin da rassan an zubar dasu tare da turmi mai lemun tsami | Yin rigakafin sanyi da kunar rana a jiki | ||
| Karshe faduwa | Harkar ƙasa | Digging ƙasa a kan bayonet shebur tare da juyin mulki | Karin kwari da cuta na hunturu a cikin manya yadudduka na ƙasa sun hau zuwa saman, sannan kuma mutu daga sanyi |
| Tun farkon bazara kafin kumburin kodan | Rooting jiyya | Fesa kambi, rassan, Tumbi tare da magungunan kashe qwari (DNOC, Nitrafen, 5% bayani na sulfate jan karfe) | Yin rigakafin cututtukan fungal da kwari |
| Lokacin bazara | M jiyya | Sau uku ana kula da kambi tare da fungicides (Chorus, Skor, Strobi, da dai sauransu). A karo na farko ana yin wannan kafin fure, sannan kuma sau biyu sau biyu nan da nan bayan an kammala shi da tazara tsakanin makonni 1-1.5. | Yin rigakafin Cutar Nono |
| Lokacin rani | Yin aiwatar da biofungicide Fitosporin-M. Za'a iya amfani da wannan magani ba tare da iyakance adadin lokuta tare da tazara tsakanin makonni 2-3 ba. | ||
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, irin waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru, ana aiwatar da su akai-akai kuma akan lokaci, dogaro kan hana mai lambun daga matsaloli tare da cututtukan fungal. Ba a sami wani bayani ba game da yiwuwar karin kwari a cikin maɓuɓɓuka, amma hadadden da aka bayar zai taimaka wajen jimre da su idan akwai hari.
Tebur: Bayanin yiwuwar cututtukan peach na Redhaven
| Cutar | Alamar farko | A hanya da cutar da aikata | Hanyar magani |
| Ganyen magarya | Bayan blooming na matasa ganye a gaban farfajiya, bloats na kodadde launin launi ana kafa. Bayan haka, launi canza zuwa ja mai haske da launin ruwan kasa. Abun ciki ya bayyana a kasan ganyen, wanda yayi daidai da tufkar fata. | Ganye ya shafa ya zama baƙi ya faɗi. 'Ya'yan itãcen da aka saita an rufe su da kumburi da fashe, sun zama ƙanana da faɗuwa. Yawan 'ya'yan itacen buds dasa domin na gaba kakar sosai rage rage. | Ana cire sassan tsiran da abin ya shafa da magani na kashe-kashe |
| Powdery mildew | Bayyanar fari farantin powdery akan ganye da 'ya'yan itatuwa | Ya shafa ganye crumble, harbe bushe fita, 'ya'yan itãcen crack da rot. Itace ta raunana kuma zafin ta na hunturu ya ragu. | |
| Kleasterosporiosis (karkatar da tabo) | Bayyanuwar ƙananan launin shuɗi-launin ruwan kasa akan ganyayyaki, wanda ya haɓaka da sauri zuwa 3-5 mm. Bayan haka, kyallen takarda da ke cikinsu sun bushe har suka sami isasshen bacci, suna yin ramuka. | Tare da mummunan rauni, cutar ta wuce zuwa harbe da 'ya'yan itatuwa. Bar crumble, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari crack, fasa fasa a kan bawo. |
Hoton Hoto: Alamomin Cutar Manyan Redhaven Peach
- Leaf curl shine mafi haɗarin cutar peach
- Lokacin da pertw millarw ta shafi peachw, fari fat ta bayyana akan ganyayyaki
- Ana kiran Kleasterosporiosis cikin rami saboda ramuka da aka kafa akan ganyayyaki sakamakon lalacewa.
Lamburan ra'ayoyi
Itatuwan bishiyoyin peach na farko da na shuka a 2007 a cikin bazara sun kasance Redhaven. A kakar da ta gabata, bishiya daya ta ba da irin amfanin gona mai kusan kilo 60, yayin da wasu ke da karancin 'ya'yan itace.
Alexey 1980, Kryvyi Rih
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9420
A gare ni, ba na son Redhaven. Sakamakon nama mai laushi. Transportability, ba shakka, shine mafi girma.
Che_Honte, Melitopol
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9420
Kimanin shekaru 20 da suka gabata, Redhaven ya samu kuma daga baya aka yada shi, ya dace da bayanin. Kimanin shekaru 10 da suka wuce na sayi "baƙo" Redhaven, bayanin kuma ya dace. Amma suna da bambanci. Ku ɗanɗani, launi, fure, ganye, lokaci iri ɗaya ne. Amma ƙarshen ya fi girma. Idan na farko shine matsakaicin girman 150-200 g (lokacin al'ada), to na biyu shine 200-250, kuma kwafin mutum ɗaya har zuwa 400 (a baya an sanya hoto na 420 g). Abun ɗanɗano shine ɗan ƙarami kuma ɗan haske fiye da na biyu. Don haka zan yada zaɓuɓɓuka biyu zuwa abokai.
Lyubov Ivanovna, Chernihiv
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9420&page=2
A cikin lambun wannan kyakkyawan ciyayi na peach ya daɗe yana girma kuma na yi farin ciki da shi! Ina musamman son gaskiyar cewa, idan aka kwatanta da ko da irin nau'inmu na gida, yana da tsananin sanyi da juriya hunturu. Redhaven, zaku iya faɗi, iri-iri na duniya ne, kuma yana da daɗin ci sabo kuma ya dace da aiki! Yana da ƙanshi da daɗi a ko'ina! Dankin yana da ɓangaren litattafan almara mai yawa, sabanin sauran nau'ikan kuma ana iya hawa su kasuwa, musamman tunda shima yana da matukar tasiri! Yawancin mutane a kasuwa ba su yarda da ni ba cewa irin wannan peach na iya girma a yankinmu! Iri-iri bai rasa matsayin sa ba sabili da haka ina ba da shawarar shi ga kowa don dasawa.
lus, yankin Kiev
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9420&page=2
A daren Afrilu dusar sanyi “hagu” ce mafi ƙarancin 'ya'yan itatuwa a wannan shekara a Redhaven. Ripan fari sun fara kasancewa a tsakiyar watan Yuli (lokacin fitowar). Sun fara cinye amfanin gonar yanzu, wani ɓangare kuma zai sami ƙaruwa har tsawon kwanaki goma. Wadanda suka girma ne kawai suna da nauyin 350-370 grams. An haɗu a kan reshe ɗaya (nauyin da aka sanya har ma ya bar su) - suna da nauyin har zuwa 200 grams na kowane 'ya'yan itace. Tare da mafi ƙarancin jiyya na bazara (don amfanin dangi), akwai fruitsa fruitsan fruitsan fruitsun yawa da yawa, har da ƙasussasshen ƙashi. Oh da kuma moody iri-iri!
Lataring, Crimea, Sudak
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9420&page=4
Peach Redhaven yana ɗaure tare da dandano mai ban mamaki da kuma kasuwancin 'ya'yan itacen. Hakanan ba shi yiwuwa a lura da yawan aiki da tsawon lokaci na kayan amfanin. Tabbas ya cancanci girma a cikin gidaje masu zaman kansu da kuma a cikin lambunan gona don amfanin kasuwanci.
