Mun girma masoyin pear Klapp

Yana da ban sha'awa idan ka san wani pear wanda ya bayyana sosai a Amurka fiye da shekaru 160 da suka gabata. Me yasa, a daidai lokacin da aka karɓi nau'ikan ɗaruruwan al'adun da aka riga aka karɓa, shine Mafi Kyawun Klappa a cikin matsayinsa kuma baya goyan baya daga gare su? Shin zan ba ta fifiko ne yayin zabar iri don dasa shuki da yadda ake shuka ta?

Bayanin pears iri Lyubimitsa Klappa

An samo nau'ikan wannan nau'in a cikin 1860 a cikin jihar Massachusetts, Amurka ta mai shayarwa T. Clapp seedling daga zuriya daga cikin Tsirrai. Yana da suna na biyu na Clapp's Favorite. A cikin 1947, an yankatar da shi a yankin Arewa maso yamma, kazalika a Arewacin Caucasus da ƙananan yankin Volga. Bugu da kari, ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a cikin jumhuriya ta Asiya ta Tsakiya da kuma kasashen Baltic, Ukraine, Moldova, Belarus.

Itacen yana da matsakaici da girma girma tare da babban pyramidal, kambi mai wuya. Yana fure a cikin matsakaici na dogon lokaci kuma yana da kyau. Furanni suna da yawa. Abunda yafi so na Clapp shine rashin ɗaukar kansa. Pollinators nau'in pear pear ne, Beauty, Williams, Bere Giffard, Olivier de Serre. Babban hunturu hardness da fari haƙuri da iri-iri ne da ƙarfi. Amma a cikin shekarun bushe, 'ya'yan itacen sun kasance ƙarami da lalacewa ta hanyar tinnitus. Babu rigakafin cutar scab, ana cutar da shi sosai cikin shekaru ƙanana. Fruiting quite marigayi - a kan 7-8th shekara bayan dasa. Matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa na 150-300 kg / ha an kai shi ta shekaru goma sha biyar zuwa ashirin da biyar na rayuwar itaciyar.

Maganin amfani shine lokacin rani. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun isa balaga a ƙarshen Yuli - tsakiyar watan Agusta, gwargwadon yankin namo. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne sosai m zuwa lokacin daukana - lokacin da overripe, su da sauri crumble, da waɗanda riƙi prematurely da mummunan dandano. Mafi kyau duka lokacin girbi shine kwanaki goma kafin balaga na mai amfani. Abun hawa yana da kyau, kiyaye lokaci shine kwana 10-15. Yawancin lokaci cinye sabo, kazalika da stewed 'ya'yan itace da bushe.

Fruitsa fruitsan itace mai launin shuɗi-gajere mai nauyin gram 140-200. Fatar ta yi laushi mai haske, tare da dige masu yawa. A gefen rana rana mai haske ce, mai kauri, carmine. A jiki ne m, m, narkewa da babban m-zaki da dandano.

'Ya'yan itãcen Klapp da aka fi so suna da haske mai cike da haske

Bidiyo: taƙaitaccen bayyani game da Klappa Pear da aka Fi so

Dasa iri iri na Lyubimitsa Klappa

Lokacin zabar wurin dasa shuki pear, kuna buƙatar la'akari da halaye na iri-iri. An lura cewa ire-iren ire-iren Lyubimitsa Klappa bawai abin nema bane dangane da abin da ya shafi ƙasa, amma a cikin huhu ya kan fara aiki tun da farko a kan yumɓu. Ba ya karɓar bugar iska, ƙwararriyar filastik, ƙasa mai ruwa. Yana girma da kyau a kan iyakar kudu, musamman akan shinge daga iska ta arewa. Acidity na ƙasa ya kamata ya kasance cikin kewayon pH 5.0-6.5. Hakanan yana iya girma akan ƙasa na acidic, kuma a kan ƙasa na alkaline, ƙarancin scab yana ƙaruwa sosai. Yana son rana, yana girma a kullun a inuwa, amma yakan haifi 'ya'ya mara kyau. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa nesa daga gine-gine da bishiyoyi makwabta kada su zama ƙasa da mitoci huɗu.

Dangane da waɗannan fasalulluka, sun zaɓi mafi kyawun wurin don dasa pear na Lyubimits Klapp. Kuma kar ku manta game da pollinators. Idan babu wani wuri a gare su a gonar, amma har yanzu kuna son dasa pear ta wannan nau'in, zaku iya dasa rassan 2-3 na nau'ikan pollinating a kambi don haka warware matsalar.

Kuna buƙatar dasa pear a cikin bazara, saboda a lokacin bazara itacen ɗan zaiyi ƙarfi, ya sami tushe sosai kuma zai iya jure yanayin hunturu na farko. Lokacin da girma itace a cikin yankuna na kudu, zaku iya dasa shi a cikin fall. Amma a dukkan halaye guda biyu bai kamata a sami kwararar ruwan itace ba, kuma ya kamata a dasa seedling a cikin yanayin bacci. Wannan ka'ida ba ta amfani da shuka tare da rufaffiyar tsarin tushen (ZKS), wanda za'a iya dasa shi a kowane lokaci daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba.

A kowane hali, yana da kyau ka sayi seedlings don dasa shuki a cikin bazara kuma an bada shawarar yin wannan a cikin ɗakunan kulawa na musamman. Mafi kyawun tushe da girma cikin sauri a cikin tsire-tsire yana da shekaru 1-2. Seedlings tare da ZKS na iya tsufa - har zuwa shekaru 5-6. Kamar yadda suka saba, lokacin zabar, suna ba da fifiko ga tsirrai tare da tushen da aka kirkira, mai laushi, haushi. Idan ana buƙatar kiyaye seedling har sai lokacin bazara, an haƙa shi a gonar ko a saukar da shi cikin ginin. Tushen an riga an rufe shi da wani yanki na mullein da aka yi da mullein da yumɓu, kan aiwatar da ajiya suna buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayi mai laushi. Zafin zafin jiki ya kasance tsakanin 0-5 ° C.

Matakan-mataki-mataki na dasa shuki pear yayi kama da haka:

1. Makonni 3-4 kafin ranar fara saiti, an shirya rami mai sauka tare da zurfi da diamita na santimita 70-80 (a yanayin dasa tsiro, ana yin wannan a cikin bazara). Idan ƙasa ta kasance yumɓu, matattarar ruwa na kayan da aka inganta ana kwanciya a ƙasan ramin. Wannan za'a iya murƙushe dutse, yumɓu mai yumɓu, tubalin da ya fashe, da sauransu A kan yashi mai yashi an yi rami tare da ƙarawa na akalla 1-1.5³, kuma an saka wani yumɓu na yumɓu a ƙasansa don ɗaukar ruwa.
2. Bayan wannan, ramin ya cika da humus, peat, chernozem da yashi, waɗanda aka ɗauka a daidai sassan. Kuma kuma ƙara 300-400 grams na superphosphate da kuma lita 2-3 na itace ash.
3. Bayan 'yan sa'o'i kafin dasa, Tushen seedling suna soaked cikin ruwa tare da Bugu da ƙari na tushen stimulants. Kuna iya amfani da Heteroauxin, Epin, Kornevin da makamantansu.
   

   Bayan 'yan sa'o'i kafin dasa, Tushen seedling suna tsoma cikin ruwa

4. Ana cire wani ɓangare na ƙasa daga ramin kuma an kafa karamin motsi a tsakiyar, kuma ana tura karamin fegi na katako a cikin nesa na santimita 10-15 daga tsakiyar. Tsayin tsintsin yakamata ya kasance tsakanin mita 1-1.3 sama da ƙasa.
5. Lokacin dasa seedling, ya dace don amfani da katako ko katako, wanda aka shimfiɗa a gaba ramin. Tushen wuya na seedling ya kamata ya zama a matakin ƙananan gefen dogo. Zai fi dacewa da aiwatar da wannan aikin tare: mutum ɗaya yana riƙe da seedling, ɗayan kuma ya yi barci a cikin rami, a hankali yana yada Tushen kuma yana girgiza ƙasa ta ƙasa.
   

   Tushen wuya na seedling ya kamata ya zama a matakin kasan dogo
6. A ƙarshen wannan aikin, an ɗaura sapling a fegi tare da kayan taushi a cikin "takwas" kuma an kafa kewayen akwati.
   

   Sapling an ɗaure shi da tsintsiya mai kyau tare da kayan taushi a cikin "takwas"

7. Ruwa mai yalwa, samar da isasshen daidaitacciyar ƙasa ga tushen da kuma kawar da kumfa mai iska.
8. Kashegari, an kwance ƙasa kuma ta bushe.
9. An yanke babban injin na tsakiya a matakin 60-80 santimita a saman ƙasa, kuma an yanke rassan zuwa ga tsawon santimita 20-30.

Fasali na namowa da kuma laifofin kulawa

Claaunar Clapp wacce ba a fassara shi ba ta buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Lambunan da aka bari suna girma a cikin tsofaffin lambuna kuma sau da yawa maigidan yana tuno shi ne kawai a lokacin lokacin girbin. Za su zama ƙarami, za su zama ƙarami, watakila wormy - amma za su zama. Tabbas, wannan hanyar ba daidai ba ce kuma ba za a iya ba da shawarar ba.

Watse

Kamar yadda muka riga muka fada - a cikin yanayin fari, 'ya'yan itaciyar Klapp's Pet sunada karami. Saboda haka, pear har yanzu yana buƙatar shayar dashi wani lokaci. Ana buƙatar musamman ruwa a cikin shekaru bushe, kazalika da ga kananan bishiyoyi tare da tushen tushen ci gaba. A karo na farko ana yin wannan kafin fure, a karo na biyu - bayan fure. Bugu da ari, da yawa wasu lokuta a lokacin ripening zamani. Mitar yawan ruwa ya dogara da yawan ruwan sama. A karshen kakar wasa, ban ruwa na lokacin hunturu mai larura wajibi ne. Lokacin yin ruwa, kuna buƙatar sarrafa zurfin danshi na ƙasa. Ya kamata ya kasance santimita 25-35. Bayan kasar ta bushe, sai a sako ta. Idan da'irar akwati aka mulled, to ba a bukatar kwance madauki.

A ƙarshen zamani, dole ne a fitar da ban ruwa na lokacin hunturu

Manyan miya

An fara daga shekara ta huɗu bayan dasa shuki, an fara ciyar da pear. Wannan zai samar da haɓakar harba da manyan ofan ofan manyan ,an ,an itace.

Tebur: yaya da lokacin da za'a ciyar da pear

Pear trimmings Klapp ya fi so

Rashin daidaituwa a cikin komai, wannan pear kuma baya haifar da matsala mai yawa tare da kayan ado. Yana da mahimmanci kawai don samar da kambi na itace daidai a farkon shekarun rayuwa. A bisa ga al'ada, suna ba shi tsari mai furu-furuci, sanannu ne sosai kuma an maimaita shi cikin wallafe-wallafen.

An baiwa Krone Lyubimitsy Yakovlev wani tsarin da aka kirkira

Sakamakon gaskiyar cewa Klappa ta fi so tana da kambi mai wuya, ba ta buƙatar daidaita kayanta. Wadanda ke cikin keɓaɓɓun ne kawai suke raguwa, waɗanda ake aiwatarwa a ƙarshen kaka ta hanyar cire rassan bushe, marasa lafiya da lalace, har ma da tallafawa. Ana aiwatar da su a farkon rabin bazara, rage gaza matasa ta hanyar 5-10 santimita. Wannan yana tayar da fitowar su tare da rassan fruiting wanda aka aza fure fure don girbin shekara mai zuwa.

Cutar da kwari

Ganin cewa an samo lu'ulu'u Lyubimitsa Klappa ne a lokacin da yawancin cututtukan zamani basa can, to ita ba ta da rigakafi a gare su. Sabili da haka, aiwatar da prophylaxis da aiwatar da aikin tsabta na musamman suna dacewa. Sun ƙunshi girbi da ƙone ganye, da tono bishiyoyi a faɗo, iyakance fatar fatake da rassa, kula da kambi da ƙasa tare da bayani na 3% na sulfate na baƙin ƙarfe. Duk waɗannan ayyukan suna gudana ne a cikin kaka, saboda haka shirya tsire-tsire don hunturu. A cikin bazara, an shigar da belts na farauta, ana kula da bishiyoyi tare da DNOC da Nitrafen bisa ga umarnin.

Cututtukan da pear ya fi so Klappa

Kusan dukkan cututtukan da ke saurin kamuwa da cuta su ne fungal. Don maganin su, ana amfani da fungicides. Ya kamata ku sani cewa waɗannan kwayoyi suna jaraba naman gwari, don haka zaku iya amfani dasu ba sau uku ba a kowace kakar.

Scab

Wannan shine cutar cututtukan pear mafi yawancin jama'a, musamman a cikin yankunan da ke da laima yanayi. A spores na pathogen hunturu a cikin fasa daga itacen haushi, ganye, da kuma babba yadudduka na kasar gona. A cikin bazara, cutar fara da bayyanar a kan underside na ganyen kananan ƙananan launin ruwan kasa-zaitun. A tsakiyar lokacin bazara, aibobi suna girma, basu da duhu kuma tuni sun shafi 'ya'yan itatuwa da harbe. Fasa, scabs, putrefactive aibobi samar a kan 'ya'yan itãcen marmari. Naman dake karkashin su yayi taurin kai har ya zama sihiri. Irin waɗannan 'ya'yan itatuwa sun riga sun dace da abinci.

Tare da scab, fasa, scab, putrefactive spots samar akan 'ya'yan itãcen marmari

A matakin farko, ƙaddamar da kashe-kuran Horus na ƙwayar cuta yana taimakawa wajen magance naman gwari. Yana da tasiri akan ganyayyaki matasa da harbe-harbe a yanayin zafi daga +3 zuwa +22 ° C. A matakai na gaba, an san fitsarin Strobi a matsayin mafi kyawun magani.

Moniliosis

A causative wakili na wannan cuta kuma iya hunturu a cikin ganyayyaki da fasa da haushi. A cikin bazara, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana gabatar da spores ta ƙudan zuma a lokacin tarin nectar. A lokaci guda, cutar ta shafi fure, sannan harbe da ganye. Suna shude, baƙi suna kama da wuta. Saboda haka, ana kiranta cutar wani lokacin ƙonewa na monilial. Ya kamata a yanke irin wannan harbe kuma a lalata, kuma ya kamata a kula da kambi tare da shirye-shiryen tagulla na Abiga-Peak.

A watan Yuni - Yuli, moniliosis yana shafar 'ya'yan itacen tare da daskararre launin toka. A wannan lokacin, zai fi kyau a yi amfani da Magunguna don jiyya. Hakanan yana taimakawa a cikin yaƙin moniliosis biofungicide Fitosporin. Ana iya amfani dashi ko'ina cikin kakar, ba ya haifar da jaraba. Tsarancin aiki shine makonni biyu, a cikin ruwan sama - mako daya. Baya ga warkewar tasirin, ƙwayar ta kara yawan aiki kuma tana ƙara rayuwar shiryayye daga 'ya'yan itacen, wanda ya dace da Klappa da aka fi so.

A watan Yuni-Yuli, moniliosis yana shafar 'ya'yan itacen tare da daskararre launin toka

Tsatsa

A cikin bazara, nan da nan bayan fure, ƙananan rawaya masu launin rawaya-fararen ganye sun fara bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki, wanda ke ƙaruwa ta tsakiyar bazara kuma ku sami launi mai haske-orange mai haske, mai tsatsa da tsatsa. A kan ganyayen ganyayyaki, tubercles suna buɗewa a cikin abin da spores na naman gwari suke. A cikin shekarun shekaru, cutar tana haɓaka cikin hanzari kuma shan kashi zai iya kaiwa kashi 100%. Idan an samo ganyen zai shafa, to ya kamata a yanke su, kuma kambi ɗin ya bi da su tare da fungicides Skor, Strobi, Abiga-Peak, da dai sauransu.

Zuwa tsakiyar lokacin bazara, aibobi ya haɗu suka karɓi launin shuɗi mai ruwan-haske mai haske, mai tsatsa da tsatsa.

Don hana cutar, ya kamata ka guji unguwa tare da juniper, kazalika da aiwatar da jerin ayyukan hanawa.

Hoton Hoto: Magungunan Cutar Pear

Karin Klapp

Wannan shi ne babban kwata kwata kwata.

Pear thorns

Wannan takardar itace ta gama gari a duk duniya. Girmansa bai wuce milimita uku ba, ƙuma na iya tashi da tsalle. Tana cutar da shan ruwan 'ya'yan itace harbe, buds, ovaries, ganye. A sakamakon haka, suka bushe da fadi, da tukwici na harbe curl da kuma juya rawaya. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari da aka shafa daga tinnitus sun zama ƙanana, mai wuya, baƙin ƙarfe. Girbi ya ɓace. The zuma dew asirin da ganye girgije ganye tsokani cutar da Soot naman gwari.

Itatuwan pear na iya tashi da tsalle

Baya ga matakan rigakafin yau da kullun, kafin fure, zaku iya kula da pear tare da Kwamandan.

Aphids

Waɗannan ƙananan kwari an kawo su ta bishi ta hanyar tururuwa. Suna yin hakan ne domin daga baya su ciyar da zakin zuma, waɗanda ke asirce. Ta ci ruwan 'ya'yan itace ganyen da tukwanen harbe-harbe. Zaku iya samunsa ta ganye mai murgudawa. Idan ka fadada irin wannan takardar - a ciki zaka iya samun tari na kwari. Kuna iya hana shan kashi ta hanyar shigar da belts na farauta waɗanda ke toshe hanyar tururuwa, fitar da tururuwa daga gonar, kazalika da amfani da kwari. Shirye-shirye da hanyoyi don yin amfani da aphids iri ɗaya daidai ne tare da tinnitus.

Antuna suna ciyar da aphids

Pear sawfly

Hakanan ya zama ruwan dare a wuraren da ke da laima yanayi. Jirge ne mai tsayi tsawon 5-6, tafiyar jirgin sa yana faruwa ne a farkon farawar pear kuma yana daga sati daya zuwa sati biyu. Sannan mace mai hadi ta sanya kwai daya a lokaci daya a cikin karon kowane fure. Don yin wannan, sai ta sanya rago a gindi. Bayan kwanaki 10-14, larvae ya bayyana cewa, ba tare da ya kai ga farfajiya ba, ku ci kyawawan abubuwan 'ya'yan itacen. Daga nan sai su matsa zuwa makwabta. A tsakanin wata guda, kowane tsutsa yana lalata 'ya'yan itãcen 3-4, waɗanda suka yi duhu da faɗi. Bayan haka, larvae barin don hunturu a cikin ƙasa, inda suke located a zurfin of goma santimita.

Ganyen pear mai tashi wani tsayi ne 5-6 mm

Don hana matsalolin 5-6 kwanaki kafin fure, ya kamata a kula da kambi tare da Metaphos ko Fufanon. Bayan fure, ana yin ƙarin jiyya biyu.

Taskar Hoto: Pear ke sarrafa kwari

Lamburan ra'ayoyi

Re: Fi so Klappa gaba daya yarda, da iri-iri ne wanda ya cancanci hana hankali. Daga bazara, a ganina, ɗayan mafi kyau. Fruitsa fruitsan itace da aka cinye daidai zai ba duka masoya masu nishaɗi da masu ƙauna jiki mai narkewa. Ina matukar son halayen ɗanɗano na 'ya'yan itaciyar. Don yankinmu, yana da quite hunturu-Hardy, na drawbacks - wasu ji na ƙwarai zuwa scab, amma m ko da ba tare da sunadarai kariya da kuma bayan yawan fruiting ya kamata a sauke.Ba zan faɗi game da kasuwanci ba, amma don kaina - Na ba da shawarar yin hakan sosai.

nuitoha, Sumy

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Re: Abin da aka fi so da shi na Clapp a cikin rana shi kaɗai (hoto 1,2). Sabili da haka, wannan shekara ya gamsu da girbin (hoto 3). Pewarewarsa shine cewa dole ne a tsage har yanzu cikin kyakkyawan yanayi don isa ga balaga a gida cikin 'yan kwanaki. Sannan naman ya narke a cikin bakin. Idan an bar shi zuwa yanayin laushi a jikin bishiya - naman ya rasa ruwan ɗarinsa da narkewa, kuma daga baya ciki na iya lalacewa (launin ruwan kasa).

mekena, Donetsk yankin

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SORT Wajan Farin Ciki ...

Pear Clapp Ya fi so

Oleg Filippov, Volgograd

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Re: Abinda aka Fi so a cikin Klappa Quote: Asalin Anatali Wanda aka dasa Itace Itace wadda take Soyayyar Klappa kuma tana son sanin halayenta marasa kyau. Of mara kyau - mai tsanani shafi Septoria. Kamar duk pears na rani, Lyubimits yana buƙatar tsinkaye abu kaɗan. Na kwanta akan farfadowa a cikin gareji mai sanyi na 'yan makonni biyu. Cikakke zaba!

Lena, a cikin yanayin rani pear a cikin "dandano + hunturu hard" hadaddun, Lyubimitsa bashi da masu fafatawa a yau!

Ina da kowa kawai froze

Gusenitsa, Kharkov

//www.sadiba.com.ua/forum/showthread.php?t=23439

A wannan shekara Ina da farkon fruiting na klapp da aka fi so. Ina murna sosai. Manyan 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, masu kyau, tare da kyawawan ɗanɗano waɗanda duka iyalin suka so. Itace na shekara ta goma sha huɗu na dasa, ya ba kusan guga na pears. Gidan kwai ya ninka sau uku - a watan Yuni ya yi tsari. Kuma yanayinmu ya fi Kiev ƙarfi. Koyaya ban ji babban raunin ba - sake-ɗabon 'ya'yan itatuwa. Ina tsammanin a rabin-dwarf zai juya ya dauki amfanin gona akan lokaci kuma kada ya bar amfanin gona ya shuɗe. Ina son wannan nau'in

Loha, Kremenchug

//www.sadiba.com.ua/forum/showthread.php?t=23439

Mafi so. Photo da rashin alheri ba. Itace ya girma a cikin yankin Minsk tare da aboki. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari daga 150-170 grams. Jiki mai laushi, mai daɗi sosai, wanda aka zana a maki 4.7. Rashin kyau shine takaitaccen lokacin amfani: mafi girman makwanni biyu.

Sarat, Minsk

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Yawancin Kayan Klappa da yawa sun cancanci samun su a kan shafin don amfanin kai tsaye. Kirki mai ƙyalƙyali da ke bazara kowace shekara yana ba da makonni biyu na lokacin rani na kyawawan 'ya'yan itace mara dadi. Kuma don yada jin daɗin, zaku iya rufe gwangwani da dama tare da compotes, kazalika da 'ya'yan itatuwa bushe bushe.