Ba daidaituwa ba ne cewa Cher Orchard ya zama ɗayan hotuna masu ban sha'awa da fahimta a cikin wallafe-wallafen Rasha. Wannan al'ada ta saba da kowa. Tun muna yaro, dukkanmu muna ɗaukar ceri jam daga gilashi, kuma akan teburin namu hutu koyaushe akwai wurin kuskure jug tare da ceri compote. Ba shi yiwuwa a hango wani lambu ba tare da wannan al'ada mai fa'ida ba. A saboda wannan dalili, har zuwa yau, masu shayarwa sun bred babban adadin nau'in cherries. Kuma a yau za muyi magana game da Robin - wani nau'in yanayi ne wanda aka fi so a cikin USSR.
Bayani iri-iri Robin
Kiwo da gwajin nau'in ceri cherry na Malinovka ya fara ne a VSTISP a 1978, kuma an haɗa shi a cikin Rajistar Jiha a cikin 1989 a Tsakiyar, Tsakiyar Volga (Samara Yankin, Jamhuriyar Mordovia) da Ural (Jamhuriyar Bashkortostan).
Rasberi rasberi itace mai matsakaici mai girman mita 3-4. Crohn na matsakaici girma, mai siffar zobe. M ganye tare da m gefe.
The berries ne m, duhu ja a launi, zagaye, matsakaici a cikin girman, kai 3-4 shekaru. Tsaba suna da yawa, amma cikin sauƙin rabu da ɓangaren litattafan almara, wanda ke da dandano mai daɗi, mai daɗi da m. Lokacin yin tumatir ya makara na tsakiyar, ya faɗi a ƙarshen Yuli - farkon watan Agusta. Berries ana kafa ne kawai a kan rassan shekara. Robin ya fara bada 'ya'ya a lokacin yana da shekaru 3-5.
Robin nau'in fasaha ne na fasaha, amma wannan ba yana nufin kwatankwacin abin da aka shuka shi ba ne kawai a cikin kadada kuma ana girbe su cikin tan don ayyukan masana'antu. Matsayi na fasaha yana nufin cewa 'ya'yan itacen wannan ceri suna da kyau don yin compotes, tsarewa, jams da jellies.
Great ga stewed 'ya'yan itace da kuma matsawa
Babban hasara na iri-iri shine yawan haihuwa. Wannan yana nufin cewa ba da nisa daga Robin wajibi ne don dasa cherries na kowane sauran iri don giciye-pollination. A wannan yanayin ne kawai furannin da aka dade ana jiran su bayyana a maimakon furanni. Mafi kyawun pollinators na Robin iri: Vladimirskaya, Lyubskaya da Shubinka.
Rashin haihuwa (ko cinikin kansa) abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare gama gari tsakanin nau'in dangin apple. Plums, cherries, pears da itacen apple suna yawanci a jikinsa. Idan pollen iri daya ne ya samu kwatankwacin wannan kwayar, hadi bai faruwa kuma kada a sa ran berries. Wannan ya zama ruwan dare gama idan ba a nuna halayen wasu iri-iri azaman haihuwa ba, to da alama rashin haihuwa ne.
Yawancin nau'ikan yana jurewa har ma da tsananin sanyi a ƙasa -25 digiri, duk da cewa wasu furannin fure suna daskarewa a wannan matsanancin yanayin zafi, amma wannan ba ya kawo illa ga amfanin gona.
Tsayayya da cututtuka ya bambanta: don coccomycosis - a ƙasa da matsakaici, zuwa moniliosis - rauni.
Dasa iri iri na ruwan gwal
Mafi kyawun lokacin dasa cherries shine bazara. Amma ya fi kyau saya sapling a cikin fall kuma tono shi a yankin, yana rufe shi da rassan fir danshi don hunturu. Mafi kyawun zaɓi don dasa cherries na yau da kullun shine seedling mai shekaru biyu 60 cm tsayi.
Kafin shiga gona, ya zama dole don tantance wurin da yafi dacewa. Guji inuwa mai kauri, ƙasa mai laushi; cherries sun gwammace wurare masu haske tare da ƙasa mai tsaka-tsaki. Kada ruwa a ƙasa ya kamata ya kasance kusa da farfajiya, kuma zurfin dusar ƙanƙara a cikin hunturu kada ya wuce mita ɗaya. Idan rukunin yanar gizonku yana da ƙasa mai acidic, dole ne a samar da shi. Don yin wannan, yayyafa 0.5 kilogiram na lemun tsami a kan yanki na 1 square. m da kuma tono a kan bayonet na felu. Madadin lemun tsami, za a iya amfani da garin dolomite. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a lemun tsami kasar gona kafin amfani da takin gargajiya. Zai fi kyau aiwatar da iyakancewa a cikin fall - a watan Oktoba, kuma don ƙara ƙwayoyin halittun a cikin bazara - a watan Afrilu. Hakanan a lokacin shirye-shiryen yin takin gargajiya. Ana ƙara taki ko takin a cikin nauyin 8-10 kg ta 1 sq.m. da tono zuwa zurfin bayoneti.
Hakanan za'a iya zama '' kwandon '' ceri 'a cikin kwarin kwatancen Cherryanyen byan Cherryasa a cikin maganin tushen haɓakar mai haɓaka, alal misali, a Kornevin. Ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin adadin 1 teaspoon a lita 1 na ruwa. Tushen tushen dasa kayan ana sanya shi a cikin irin wannan mafita don awanni 12-15 kafin dasa shuki. Irin wannan tsari mai sauki zai kara samar da rayuwa a cikin zuriya.
Yanzu lokaci ya yi da za a shirya rami rami. Nisa tsakanin thean tsaran ya kamata yakai mita uku. Kada ka manta cewa Robin yana buƙatar tsabtace shinge. Don wannan, wajibi ne don dasa nau'ikan cherries iri daya yanzu. Fiye da haka, ya kamata a shuka iri hudu nan da nan. Tsarin saukowa: 2.5 x 3 m.
- Mun haƙa rami tare da diamita na 80 cm da zurfin 50-60 cm. Mun ajiye saman Layer na ƙasa daban, dole ne a haɗe shi da takin gargajiya, takin ma'adinai da ash.
- A tsakiyar ramin, za mu iya gudun fege kusan 80 cm sama da matakin ƙasa.
- Mun fara cika cakuda ƙasa, wanda zai kwanta tare da mazugi, a kan abin da ya fi dacewa don sanyawa da yada tushen seedling. Ka tuna slam kasar gona. Yana da matukar muhimmanci cewa tushen wuya yana a matakin ƙasa ko kuma ma'aunin santimita biyu. Cherry bai yi haƙuri wuce kima zurfin.
- Lokacin da aka ƙara ƙasa, riƙe akwati na ƙaramin ceri a tsaye.
- Mun zube sabon da aka dasa Robin da guga na ruwa (kimanin lita 10) kuma mun ɗaure shi a cikin fegi.
- Ciyawa ciyawa ciyawa.
Bidiyo: Dokokin dasa kayan ceri
Kula da cherries na Robin iri-iri
Kafin farkon fruiting, kula da cherries mai sauqi qwarai. Idan kun shuka seedling a lokacin shuka, to ba a buƙatar takin mai magani ba. Babban abu kar ka manta da rabu da mu weeds, da ruwa ceri a cikin hot weather wani lokacin kuma sassauta kasar gona. A watan Satumba, tono ƙasa a kusa-da'irar kara, amma ba zurfi sama da 10 cm, Tushen cherries kwance kusa da farfajiya. Kada ku bar zuriyar dabbobi a ƙarƙashin itaciya don hunturu, wannan yanayi ne mai dacewa don haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta, gami da cututtukan cututtukan coccomycosis.
Lokacin da ceri ya fara fure kuma ya ba da 'ya'ya, kula da shi ya zama mafi rikitarwa.
- A cikin yanayin zafi, a lokacin tsawon ciyayi mai aiki, fure ko fruiting, cherries yana buƙatar ƙarin danshi, don haka ya shayar da shi aƙalla ruwa uku. A ƙarshen ban ruwa na cajin ruwa ana yin sa ne a cikin kaka a ƙarshen Satumba a yanayin bushe. A ƙarƙashin cakulan kuna buƙatar zuba guga na ruwa goma.
- Ciyar da takin mai magani da takin gargajiya a kalla sau uku a kowace kakar. Takin a karo na uku a cikin fall yayin tono.
- Lemun tsami kasar gona a nesa na 1.5 m daga gangar jikin sau ɗaya a kowace shekara biyar. Wannan zai taimaka wajen zubar da kwai.
- Kar ka manta da ciyawa kasar gona a kowace shekara bayan dusar ƙanƙara mai narkewa tare da sawdust, peat, needles or spanbond.
- A cikin bazara ko fall, datsa, cire wuce haddi, marassa lafiya da fashe harbe.
Cikakkun kayan miya
Lokaci na farko ana bada shawara don ciyar da ceri a cikin bazara yayin lokacin fure tare da ma'adinai da takin gargajiya. Sanya bukatun shuka na nitrogen da urea ko nitonium nitrate. Urea ko nitrate an narke shi a cikin rabo na 20-30 g a lita 10 na ruwa. Kudaden daji daya buhu biyu ne. An gabatar da takin ƙasa a cikin da'irar kusa-da-na-sa.
Taki shine mafi mashahurin takin gargajiya. Hakanan an gabatar dashi a cikin da'irar gangar jikin a kudi 4-5 kg a kowace murabba'in 1. m. Yi amfani da taki kawai da aka lalata. Tasirin sabo taki idan akayi amfani dashi a cikin bazara za'a iya ganin hakanne kawai a cikin rabin bazara.
Kuma a farkon bazara, ana iya amfani da tsintsin kaji azaman kwayoyin. An zubar da dabbobi da ruwa a kudi 1:15. Yawan amfani da maganin rabin guga ta 1 square. m Yi hankali: bayani mai ɗorewa na busasshen kaza a cikin rauni cherries.
A lokacin fruiting, da Robin zai sake buƙatar samar da nitrogen da ƙunshi juzu'in kwayoyin halitta.
Autumn saman miya ake bukata da farko don replenish bayar da alama abubuwa a cikin ƙasa. Mafi shahararren takin zamani a wannan lokacin shine katako na itace wanda ke ɗauke da adadin da ake buƙata na potassium da phosphorus. An yi Ash a cikin nauyin 1 kg 1 a kowace mura. m. Ash ya watsu a saman ƙasa, sannan a haƙa shi.
Bidiyo: yadda ake yanka ceri
Cututtuka da kwari Robins da mafita
Yawancin cututtukan Robins sune fungal a cikin yanayi. Mafi na yau da kullun ana gabatar dasu a cikin tebur.
Tebur: Manyan cututtukan ƙwayar cutar ƙwayoyin cuta
| Cutar | Pathogen | Kwayar cutar | Yin rigakafi da magani |
| Karasawa | Naman gwari yana maganin hiemalis | Abubuwan duhu masu duhu akan ganye, suna canza launi zuwa launin ruwan kasa. Ruwan launin toka-mai launin shuɗi akan bangon ganye. A farkon Yuni ganye faɗuwa daga cututtukan ganye yana haifar da hana cherries. Itatuwa tana da rauni sosai cewa ba ta da isasshen ƙarfi don hunturu, kuma tana daskarewa. | Guji wuraren bushewa lokacin dasa shuki. Cire fallenan ganye da ya faɗi a faɗuwar. Yin rigakafin bi da itace tare da urea bayani kafin farkon ganye fall da fungicides bayan. Don neman magani, yi amfani da maganin 3% na Bordeaux ruwa a cikin bazara, a ƙarshen shirye-shiryen fure Topsin-M, Oksikhom, Ordan, kuma bayan fruiting tare da jan karfe na oxychloride. |
| Moniliosis | Monillia naman gwari | Bayyanar bishiyar "ƙonawa". Bar Fade. Berry rots kuma fadi. An rufe haushi tare da launin toka. Mutuwar ƙananan ƙananan rassa, sannan gabaɗaya itacen. | Jiyya tare da shirye-shirye na fungicidal na gargajiya a cikin bazara bayan faduwar ganye kuma a cikin bazara kafin kumburi da kodan: sulfate jan karfe da kuma 1% maganin Bordeaux cakuda. Jiyya ta ƙunshi yanke hukunci na rassan da ke cikin gaggawa, da kona su daga wurin. Hakanan, ana kula da itacen tare da shirye-shiryen fungicidal (Skor, Oleuprit, Kaptan, Kuprozan) nan da nan bayan pruning kuma sake bayan kwanaki goma. |
| Kleasterosporiosis | Clasterosporium naman gwari | Ganyayyaki da 'ya'yan itacen ceri an rufe su da ƙananan aibobi na launin ruwan hoda. Jiki a karkashin tabo ya daina girma. Berries saya da mummuna siffar da crumble. Tare da yanayin mafi tsananin cutar, an rufe wuraren da bawo tare da aibobi, suna haifar da yanayin ilimin mutum. | Don rigakafin, kula da cherries tare da maganin 5% na sulfate jan karfe a cikin bazara da kaka. A datsa da tsire-tsire masu ƙwayar naman gwari kuma ƙone su a waje da lambun. Kar ka manta da aiwatar da yankan reshe tare da lambun var. Ana gudanar da jiyya tare da magunguna iri ɗaya kamar na coccomycosis. |
| Anthracnose | Anthracnose naman gwari | Tuba tuban itace mai ɗorawa akan fruitsan itacen da ke tsiro cikin rot. Tare da kamuwa da cuta, wannan cuta zata bar ku ba tare da amfanin gona ba. | Don dalilai na hanawa, aiwatar da aikin share fage, cire ganye, ka tono ƙasa a kusa-da-kara. Don neman magani, yi amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi Polyram. |
| Tsatsa | Thekopsora padi naman gwari | Ganyen Cherry suna taushi. | Tsire-tsire masu coniferous shine babban maigidan naman tsatsa na tsatsa, don haka ku guji kusancin cherries a gare su. Don dalilai na hanawa, sun kuma ƙone zuriyar dabbobi kuma suka fesa itacen da jan tagulla. Jiyya iri daya ce da na Moniliosis. |
Cututtukan Kazanta Robins
- Abu mafi mahimmanci yana da ban mamaki - berries
- M bayyanar cututtuka - perforated ganye
- Mai haɗarin cutar fungal
- Ntona sakamakon itace
Cutarwa ga Robin da duk sananniyar tsotse da ganye mai cin ganye.
Karan cherry
Kwaro na gargajiya na gargajiya bai kewaya hankalin shi da ceri ba
Kai tsaye kusa da tururuwar tururuwa, da sha'awar tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga ganyen ganyen ceri. Hanyar al'ada don yaƙar aphids shine don yayyafa ganye a lokaci-lokaci tare da maganin sabulu-taba. Hakanan zaka iya sayan ingantattun magunguna a shagon. Misali: Fufanon, Akarin, Actellik, Bankol.
Kauyan Kaya
Wannan gurbi zai sauƙaƙe barin ku ba tare da amfanin gona na Berry ba.
Farkawa a cikin bazara, weevils fara nai tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga buds cherries. Amma babban lalacewar amfanin gona da suke haifar yayin fure. Mace na sa qwai kan furannin da aka ɗaure, suna tonon rami a ƙashi sosai. Oneaya mace tana saka ƙwai sama da ɗari. Bayan ƙyanƙyashe, tsutsa zai fara cin ɗumbin miyar tayi. Mass haifuwa na weevils a gonar zai haifar da cikakken asarar yawan amfanin ƙasa. Don magance ɓarna, tono gangar jikin kusa da akwati, fararan ɓarnar, saika ɗauki furannin da suka kamu. Daga cikin kwari da ke kan giwaye, Rovikurt da Actellik sun tabbatar da kansu da kyau.
Sake Gani
Cherry Robin yana da kyau, idan ba su gaurayawa wani abu ba kuma ina da shi, to ingancin berries shine maki 5! Ina ba da shawara ga kowa, kawai ba wanda zai iya samun ta, kuma shekaru 4 da suka wuce na ɗauke ta a Timiryazevka.
Rx-direba
//forum.auto.ru/garden/28635/#post-28647
Cherry Robin. Fara fara 'ya'yan itace da sauri, komai lafiya.
Vyacheslav
//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=2650&start=60
Robin ne mai kyau, sanyi-resistant, high-samar da gwaggwabar riba iri-iri zaɓi na gida cherries. Onlyayan abin da kawai yake jawowa - wanda yake rasa haihuwa - za'a iya samun sauƙin warware shi ta hanyar dasa kusa da wani nau'in cherries.
