Knifofiya: bambamce iri iri ga hassada ga dukkan maƙwabta na ƙasar!

Lambunan furanni na zamani sau da yawa suna ƙawata samfuran yanayi waɗanda ba a san su ba a ƙasarmu. Yawancin waɗannan tsire-tsire sun fito ne daga wurare masu zafi, amma wannan bai hana masoya samun nasarar shayar da su a cikin gari ba. Knifofiya ɗayan waɗannan furanni ne na fure. Kyandirori masu dunƙulewa masu tasowa daga wani ɓarin ganye mai kaɗe-kaɗe na ganye - irin wannan ƙayatarwa abu ne mai mawuyacin gaske kamar tsiro ne kawai, kuma a zaman wani yanki mai tarin yawa ko tuddai.

Knifofiya a cikin yanayi

Knifophia an kawo shi Turai daga Afirka

Furen fure mai ban sha'awa ya sami sunan ta don girmamawa ga mashahurin masanin ilimin botanist Johann Kniphof, wanda ya fara bayyana asalin tsiro. A cikin dabbobin daji, ana iya gani a cikin Afirka (Yankin Kudancin da Gabas) da Madagascar. Furen furanni, wanda kuma aka sani da knyphophia, tritoma da notosceptrum, ana buge su ko'ina cikin duniya. Koyaya, saboda yanayin zafi-ƙaunar wannan al'ada, ana amfani da nau'in knizofia na matasan, waɗanda ke da kyau a yankuna na kudu, ana amfani dasu sosai.

Siffofin haɓakar al'adun ado

Asalin tsiro ya ba da ikonta - don ciyayi mai kyau da furanni masu ƙarfin zuciya, yawancin nau'ikan suna buƙatar yanayi mai zafi tare da yanayin rana da gajeren hunturu mai laushi. A cikin yankuna na arewacin da tsakiyar Rasha, kawai nau'in perennial guda ɗaya ne aka fi shuka - littafin Tukka.

Zai fi kyau girma tsire-tsire a cikin wuraren da rana take mulki mafi yawan rana - wurare masu tsayi, gangaren kudu. Don yin shukar dasa fure tsawon, ana barin inuwa mai haske kawai. Lokacin da za a tantance wurin da za a saukowa, ya kamata a cire abubuwan da ba za a cire ba.

An fi shuka Knifofiya mafi kyau a cikin wuraren buɗe wa hasken rana da kusa da jikin ruwa

Saboda gaskiyar cewa knifofiya shine tsire-tsire mai tsayi, yafi kyau a yi amfani dashi a tsakiyar shirye-shiryen fure. Kuma haske game da canza launin wannan tallan na Afirka yana bayar da shawarar kyakkyawan tsarin kula da samuwar gadaje fure - kusa da perennial ya fi kyau sanya wakilan flora tare da furanni masu hankali da yalwar kayan lambu.

A cikin yanayin yanayi na haɓaka, knifofiya cikin farin ciki ya daidaita wurare a cikin babban zafi - kusa da fadama, tafkunan. A cikin zanen fili, zaku iya amfani da wannan "ƙauna" ta halitta don ruwa kuma ku dasa fure kusa da tafkunan wucin gadi a cikin lambun.

Shahararrun nau'ikan

Littattafan bayanai na Botanical sun bayyana kusan gyare-gyare 75 na knifofiya. Mafi shahararrun nau'ikan masu zuwa:

• Knifofiya Tukka shine mafi yawan nau'ikan Hardy, wanda aka samu nasarar girma a tsakiyar Rasha. Iyakar abin da al'adun da za su iya hunturu a cikin bude ƙasa. Tsawon daji shine mita 0.8, inflorescences spikelet ya kai 15 cm a tsayi, yana da launi mai launin ja-mai-haske. Rightwararrare masu haske suna faranta wa yan lambu rai na wata ɗaya fara a watan Yuli.
  

  Knifofiya Tukka - iri-iri da aka fi dacewa da yanayin damina na tsakiyar Rasha

• Hyifofin knifofiya - nau'ikan da aka haɓaka a kan tushen Berry knifofiya. An bambanta launuka iri-iri na knifofiya da launuka iri-iri - daga burgundy da ruwan hoda mai haske zuwa rawaya mai haske. Tsawonta ya tashi daga mita 0.6 zuwa 1.0.
  

  Sassanfiya na gargajiya na iya zama launuka iri-iri

• Berry knifofiya - wakili mafi tsayi na perennial. An kwatanta shi da kyawawan murjani mai rawaya-rawaya, ɗumbin yalwar launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Mass flowering yana farawa a cikin Yuli kuma ya ɗauki tsawon kwanaki 60. Yawancin nau'in Berry knizofia suna cikin buƙata tsakanin yan koyo:
  • Popsicle;
  • Flamenco
  • Mamaki
    

    Matsayi mafi tsayi na wannan al'ada ta ado
• Hare knifofiya - gashi mai gashi wanda ke rufe saman ganye ya ba da wannan shuka tasirin ado na musamman. A inflorescences ne conical, suna da karamin girman - kawai game da 3 cm a tsawon - da kuma wani kyakkyawan launi launin shuɗi.
  

  Knifofiya shaggy tana da launi mai launin shuɗi-ja

Aikace-aikacen cikin zane mai faɗi: misalai a cikin hoto

Hanyoyin ƙasa

Ana iya shuka nau'in al'adu na knifofiya a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa da tsaba, da kuma rabuwa na daji. Dankin da aka shuka tare da tsaba zai iya tsiro har ma da shekara mai zuwa, don haka don ciyayi mai sauri yana da kyau a shuka knifofiya ta hanyar shuka-ya girma.

Yadda ake shuka seedlings

Fasahar aikin gona na yin girma knifofiya daga tsaba an rage zuwa amfani da wadannan masu zuwa:

• tsaba don shuka dole ne a dasa su a cikin kwalaye na musamman da aka shirya a cikin Maris;
• kasar gona ya kamata ya zama sako-sako da haske, tare da kyawawan kayan magudanan ruwa;
• bayan fitarwa, ana shayar da ƙasa, kuma an rufe akwatin tare da fim. Don kada tsaba su shayarwa kuma kada suyi ƙirar, kuna buƙatar cire lokaci-lokaci don samun iska;
• Bayan kwanaki 15-20, sai aka fitar tsirowar da dole ne a toshe bayan bayyanuwar ganye uku. Lokacin da seedlings suka zama abokantaka, ana cire fim ɗin don matasa tsire-tsire su sami isashshen oxygen;
• tsawon watanni biyu, seedlings, yada a kan kwantena daban, ke tsiro da tsauri. Lokacin da madaidaicin zafi ya shigo, ya kamata a fitar da shi saman baranda ko tiren katako.

Flow ya fara shekaru biyu kawai bayan dasa shuki

A farkon Yuli, da dasa perennial seedling za a iya zaunar a kan m wuri a cikin bude ƙasa. Flow zai faru a shekara ta uku bayan dasa shuki.

Raba Bush

Kuna iya hanzarin ciyawar knizofia lokacin da shuka tayi yaduwar ta hanyar rarraba daji. Perennial mai shekaru uku ya fara fara wando, wanda ake amfani dashi don dasawa. Matashi yadudduka ya rabu da wuka mai kaifi daga mahaifiyar daji ya bar shi a cikin iska na tsawon awanni 2-3. Yankin yana buƙatar kulawa da gawayi tare da jira don ɗan ɗanɗano. Sannan za a iya fitar da mashigar a wuri na dindindin.

Nan da nan bayan dasawa, dajin daji yana buƙatar matsananciyar ruwa, bayan weeksan makonni zaka iya canzawa zuwa sha sau 1-2 a mako. A cikin yanayin zafi da hasken rana mai haske, an dasa inuwa.

Tsarin Lantarki na waje

Knifofiya babban tsire ne, sabili da haka, don rayuwa mafi kwanciyar hankali, tana buƙatar sarari kyauta. Ya kamata a dasa bishiyoyi biyu da 'yarta a nesa da aƙalla nisan mita 0.4 daga juna.

Perennials baya buƙatar canza madawwaman "mazaunin" ba tare da kyakkyawan dalili ba. Juyin halitta an barata ne kawai idan a tsohon wurin abin da ya ƙara shuka ya zama mai rauni.

Kulawar lambu

Kula da tsire-tsire na ado ba shi da rikitarwa

Ba a cika samun narkar da sinadarin knizofia a cikin fili ba tare da matsaloli na musamman ba. Daskararren tsire-tsire ba shi da tushe, ma'anar fasahar aikin gona ta zamani tana kunshe ne da waɗannan dabaru:

• loosening da mulching na kasar gona tare da cire ciyawar yau da kullun;
• aikace-aikacen taki;
• lokaci na ruwa;
• cirewa na yau da kullun na abubuwanda aka fadada.

Duk da danshi-ƙaunar da akeyi na knifofiya, ba ya jure da turɓar ruwa ko kaɗan - Tushen tsirran ya fara jujjuyawa kuma perenni ɗin zai iya mutuwa. Saboda haka, knizofiya ta sauka kan tsaunuka ko cikin ramuka tare da magudanar ruwa. Don ƙarin zafin dumama na ƙasa kusa da perennial, zaka iya sanya fim ɗin baƙar fata ko ƙananan pebbles.

Bayan watannin bazara, dole ne a cire ciyawar fure gaba daya kuma shuka ya shirya don hunturu. Don yin wannan, an rufe bushes ɗin tare da babban adadin bambaro, ganye ko zuriyar lilin. Kuna iya amfani da kayan rufewa na musamman tare da ramuka don samun iska.

Dole ne a rufe Knifofia tare da fim na musamman don hunturu

Tare da farko na bazara, an cire tsari mai kariya daga daji, amma dole ne a yi wannan a hankali domin perennial ya saba da zazzabi na yanayi.

Idan ana tsammanin hunturu mai sanyi, yana da kyau a haƙa bushes, dasa su cikin kwantena daban da kawo su cikin ɗakin sanyi tare da zazzabi wanda bai wuce 8 ba.⁰ C.

Karin kwari da cututtuka

Abubuwan al'adu na knizofia suna da tsayayya sosai ga cututtukan fure. Babban kwaro na shuka shine tushe mai lalacewa, wanda ke tasowa saboda yawan wuce haddi na danshi a cikin ƙasa kuma yayi ƙasa mai yawa. Idan an samo alamun cutar, to dole ne a haɗe knifofiya, a bincika rhizomes kuma a cire sassan da abin ya shafa. Bayan aiki aseptic (ciyawa tare da gawayi, ash ko sulfur), an dasa daji zuwa wani wuri mafi kwanciyar hankali ga perenni.

A cikin lokuta mafi wuya, knifofiya na iya kaiwa hari ta hanyar kwari - aphids, thrips, gizo-gizo gizo-gizo. Don rigakafin, za a iya shuka ganye mai ƙanshi ko ciyawar kore kusa da perennial, kuma idan an sami kwari, ana kula da shuka tare da maganin kashe kwari.

Nazarin masu girbi game da sifofin girma

Na sayi 2 bazara da suka gabata a cikin babban kanti karamin rhizome na Knifofia (Kniphofia UVaria), yana da sauri girma da sauƙi sauƙin, yafa masa bushe peat. Shekarar ta gaba ta fara bazuwa a watan Yuli kuma a cikin watan Agusta. Ina son shi sosai, matsala-kyauta kuma kyakkyawa.

anttisepp

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Zaunar da ita kniffophia. A cikin bazara yana buƙatar dasa shi a ƙarshen Afrilu da farkon Mayu, amma idan lokacin bazara ya kasance da wuri da dumi, to a ƙarshen Maris. Bayan rarraba rhizomes, yana da matukar muhimmanci a dasa shuki a kai nan da nan, a hana bushewa. Saboda haka, da farko kuna buƙatar shirya ramin rami sannan kuma ci gaba zuwa rami da rarrabuwa. Delenki tare da Tushen bushewa suna rashin lafiya na dogon lokaci kuma suna fama da talauci, ko ma zasu iya ɓacewa gaba ɗaya.

Sanovna

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Na sayi farkon knifofiya karami a cikin tukunya. A cikin shekarar da aka dasa shukar, ba ta yi fure tare da ni ba. Shekaru biyu masu zuwa na fure, lokacin fure shine farkon watan Yuli. Ta tsira daga masu nasarar bazara biyu (ba su rufe hunturu na farko ba tabbas). Bayan na uku hunturu bai fita ba. Har sai da knifophia tayi fure, tayi kama da dajin ciyayi mai adalci. Na sayi na biyu a bara tare da rhizome. Ousedxposed a cikin firiji. Duk rhizomes uku na Knizofia Ice Sarauniya sun samo asali kuma sun girma bushes mai ƙarfi. Ya ɗanɗana a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Satumba kuma duk Oktoba. Don hunturu ba riƙe. Bari mu ga abin da ya faru ...

Danka

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Kuma ina son knizofiya {103605}. Yana faruwa yana daskarewa. Ina ƙoƙarin rufe shi da wani abu bushe don hunturu: ganye ko ciyawa, ko tsabtace shekara. Na yi ƙoƙarin spud don hunturu, amma ban tsabtace spud ba da lokacin, kuma knifophia sun yi yawo. Ko ta yaya, Na sake shuka kuma ba lallai ba ne tare da tsaba, Tushen, mafi sauƙi, girma da sauri, fara Bloom a baya.

buhova

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Ta yi girma sosai kuma ta yi girma a yankin Tula har sai da ta jike. Ban kula da cewa a cikin bazara meltwater samu zuwa wurin da knifofiya girma. Yana buƙatar tsari don hunturu.

Irina Lazukina

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M da kyanwa da maɗaukakiya tare da ɗakuna masu girma tare da manyan furanni waɗanda ke yin fure har tsawon watanni 1-2, suna iya yin ado da kowane irin tsari na lambun. Plantungiyar Afirka, kodayake ba ta buƙatar ƙoƙari na musamman don haɓaka, amma a cikin yanayi masu wahala, na iya ƙi tayi fure. A lokaci guda, wannan al'ada ta kayan ado tana mayar da martani ga kulawar mai garkar tare da saurin girma da fure mai tsawo.