Lupine wata itaciya ce mai wuyar fassarawa tare da busasshiyar ciyawa mai kama da kyandir mai launi. Lokacin da furanni daban-daban na launuka suka fara fure akan fure a lokaci guda, yayi kama da palette mai launi mai launi. Shuka shuka ba shi da wahala musamman, amma bin wasu ka'idodi na kulawa ya zama dole.
Bayanin bayanin shuka da hanyoyin yin girma
Lupine shine tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara ko na shekara-shekara a cikin gidan legume, tare da dogon Tushen da ke zurfafa daga mita 2. Akwai nau'ikan shekara-shekara da na zamani. Tsarin tsirrai daga 50 zuwa 120 cm yana kwarara a ƙarshen May kuma yana ci gaba har zuwa ƙarshen watan Yuni. Wasu nau'ikan suna da ikon sake yin fure. Magana game da dacewar cire wilted peduncles.
Lupine yana da kayan ado na kayan ado ba kawai, yana inganta haɓaka ƙasa.
Launin furanni ya bambanta: fari, ruwan hoda, lilac, shunayya. Masu shayarwa iri iri suna haɗu har zuwa uku. Bayan fure a kan shinge, an kafa 'ya'yan itatuwa waɗanda ake amfani da su don shuka.
Itatuwan tsire-tsire ne na fari-da-sanyi, don haka duk wani yanayi da ya dace da shi. Iyakar abin da yanayin yake shine ainihin zaɓin nau'in halitta da iri-iri. Lupine na daji na daji yana jin daɗi a cikin yankin arewa maso gabashin Kanada. Wasu nau'ikan suna girma a cikin busasshiyar hamada, busasshiyar hamada ta Afirka da Kudancin Amurka, har ma a cikin Sahara. Yawan tsirrai masu tsiro da yawa sun bazu ko'ina cikin duniya.
A tsakiyar layi, duka biyun shekara da na shekara suna nasara cikin girma. Dankin ya fi son wuraren da ke da kariya daga hasken rana ko kuma wasu sassan da ke da kariya daga iska.
Zaɓin ƙasa don namo
Zaɓin ƙasa mai daidai shine mabuɗin don nasarar haɓaka. A shuka fi son dan kadan alkaline ko dan kadan acid loam. Lyarfe acidic mai yalwa yana yin shuka don shuka: zai daina yin fure, kuma ganye zai zama iri na. Ana yin iyakance ƙasa a cikin wuraren da lupins a kowace shekara 3-4.
Almubazzaranci a cikin ƙasa zai haifar da ci gaban cututtuka. Don dasa furanni a cikin ƙasa na alkaline, dole ne a fara shayar da yankin da maganin acid mai rauni ko ƙara peat a ƙasa.
Furen ba ya bukatar buƙata sosai game da takin ƙasa, yana iya girma ko da yashi. Don fure mai haske da fure, ana ƙara takin phosphorus-potassium a cikin ƙasa.
Mahimmanci! Ba a gabatar da Nitrogen a ƙarƙashin shuka ba, tunda ita kanta tana samar da wannan abu a cikin symbiosis tare da ƙwayoyin nodule a cikin tushen. Daga saman miya tare da takin nitrogen, shuka ya fara yi kuma yana iya mutu. Saboda wannan dalili, ba za a dasa fure a cikin ƙasa da aka hadu da takin ba.
Amfani da lupine a cikin shimfidar wuri
Haɗin lupine mai hade da aka yi amfani dashi sosai don ƙirar lambu
Tall, lush inflorescences ne ainihin gano don zanen ƙasa. Kyandirori masu launin launuka masu yawa suna kama da ban mamaki akan gado na fure, tudu mai tsayi, tare da hanyoyin lambun.
A wasu gadaje na fure, lupine yana taka rawa sosai.
Furanni suna kama da abubuwa masu ban sha'awa a cikin shuka guda ɗaya da na rukuni. Allan itacen marmari masu ƙarfi suna zama kashin bayan gida don tsinkaye a shekara da kuma perennials.
Tushen lupine mai tsayi yana iya kaiwa zurfin mita biyu
Dankin yana kama da na ado ne a lokacin furanni, amma ganyayensa basu da ban sha'awa. Da sauri girma da kuma samar da wata mai yawa rosette na da kyau dimbin yawa ganye, da shuka da masks sadarwa unightly sadarwa a cikin lambu. Ana amfani da nau'in-girma mai girma azaman iyakar gadajen fure.
Ana amfani da lupine sau da yawa a cikin fure mai ci gaba na fure.
Ana iya girma lupins na shekara a cikin tubs ko furannin furanni. Don ƙwanƙolin perennials, wannan ba da shawarar da girma ba da shawarar ba: ƙaƙƙarfan tushe, dogon tushe ba zai zama mai dadi ba a cikin iyakataccen sarari.
Ana amfani da nau'in shekara-shekara a cikin noma a matsayin ciyawar ciyarwa. Yawan nau'in abinci ba shi da tasirin ado kuma galibi yana ƙara ƙasan ganye. Koren kore na shuka yana da wadataccen furotin.
Pean Perennial su ne abubuwan ban sha'awa. An shuka su don wadatar da ƙasa tare da nitrogen yayin ci gaban shuka, saboda tushen nodules, kuma bayan mutuwar ɓangaren iskar da lalata cikin ƙasa. Al'adar ta kuma hana yaduwa da zubar da ƙasa, saboda haka ana dasa ta a kan gangara.
Shahararrun nau'ikan da iri tare da hotuna
Asali, nau'in tsiro ya kasu kashi biyu: Rum da Amurka. Iri iri daban-daban na kungiyar Amurka suna girma akan yankin Rasha. Mafi yawan nau'ikan nau'ikan sune maras tabbas kuma mai saurin gudana.
Iri na shekara-shekara
Iri-iri na shekara-shekara suna da alaƙa da tsayayya wa cuta.
Rawaya, Lupinus luteus
Lupine rawaya yana girma kamar amfanin gona kuma ana amfani dashi don dalilai na kayan ado.
Yankin Bahar Rum ya haɗu da tsawan mita 1.5 tare da ƙara mai tushe. Furanni tare da tsari mai kyau.
Hartwega, Lupinus hartwegii
Ana amfani da lupine hartweg a gadajen fure kuma ana amfani dashi don ado na bouquets.
Arancin, kusan 60 cm, shuka. Launin furanni ruwan hoda ne ko shuɗi. A matsayin perennial, ana iya girma a yankuna kawai tare da yanayin dumin yanayi, inda zafin jiki baya sauka a ƙasa da sifili.
Karamin, Lupinus farji
Karamin lupine ya samar da wata magana wacce take da furen fure da furanni
Bayyanar creeping tare da karamin tassels na fure.
Fairy Pink, Fairy Pink
Bayyanar jan hankali na lupine .. Mai sihiri mai ruwan hoda tana riƙe da sanyi.
Tsawon tsirrai ya kai cm 30. Yana dasa fure mai haushi, yana tayar da ƙanshin da ƙamshin ƙanshi.
Fari, Lupinus albus
Ana amfani da farin lupine a matsayin taki, ciyawar ciyawar, har ma da dalilai na kayan ado
Tall iri-iri. Itaciyar fure na iya kaiwa tsawon mita 2. Furanni masu dusar kankara-fari.
Iri dake
Peupnial lupins suna girma ba kawai don dalilai na ado ba. Wannan ameliorant ne na ilimin halitta wanda ke inganta kaddarorin ƙasa.
Azurfa, Lupinus argenteus
Furannin furannin lupine na azurfa sun cika tabarau, kusa da saman tare da fararen launi.
Varietyarancin iri-iri mai girma, ba fi 25 cm ba.
Apricot, Apricot
Cikakken launin apricot ya ba da suna ga jinsin Lupine Apricot
Tsawon tsirrai yakai kimanin cm 90. Furen furanni fari-orange.
Minaret
Shortan gajeren minaret yana da kyau don tsarin tsakiya a cikin ƙirar gonar
Varietyarancin haɓaka-ƙananan tare da tsayi na 50-60 cm. launin launi na fure shine Lilac, ruwan hoda, lemun tsami.
Wuta
Abubuwan wuta na Lupine suna da kunnuwa mai siririn siririn kunne
Itace tare da ja-ruwan hoda, cream-yellow, fari-ruwan hoda ko furanni Lilac. Tsawon - kimanin 120 cm.
Arboreal, Lupinus arboreus Sims
Goge tare da furanni masu ƙanshi suna buƙatar tsari daga sanyi
Itataccen ɗan asalin shuka a Arewacin Amurka .. Tsirren tsirrai - kimanin mita 2. Furanni masu launin ja, fari ko rawaya.
Yadda ake shuka fure da yadda ake yadu dashi
A cikin daji, shuka yana yaduwa da sauƙi ta hanyar shuka-kai da haɓakar tafiyar matakai na yau da kullun. Wannan kayan da yakamata yakamata ayi la'akari dashi lokacin da aka girma shi akan gado na fure, in ba haka ba zai toshe duk yankin lambun. An ba da shawarar girka dabino ta hanyar rarraba daji, shuka iri don shuka ko a cikin ƙasa.
Sake bugun ta hanyar rarraba daji
Hanya mafi sauri don samun lupine na fure a cikin yankin shine yaduwa ta hanyar yanke-itace.
Ana amfani da rarrabe na daji a ƙarshen bazara ko farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da perennial ya fara samar da ganye na ganye.
Soilasan da ke kewayen shuka yana da kyau, to, matasa rosettes sun rabu da babban daji, a hankali su tono su kuma a dasa a wani sabon wuri.
Yankan
Yankunan tsire-tsire suna gudana a cikin bazara ko bazara.
A cikin yankewar bazara, an yanke reshe tare da maɓallin sabuntawa a tushen kanti. A lokacin rani, ana amfani da gefen gefe azaman stalk.
Harbe kafa a cikin axils na ganye. An dasa sare da ake yanka a cikin tukwane tare da cakuda yashi-peat don tushen. Bayan kwanaki 25-30, matashin yakan fara buɗe tushen, kuma an dasa shi akan wurin da aka shirya.
Shuka seedlings
Shuka tsaba na lupine don shuka yana farawa a ƙarshen Fabrairu. Don samun friendlyan seedlings masu aminci da kyawawan seedlings, shirya ƙasa mai dacewa yana da mahimmanci.
A shuka ba ya bukatar nutse, nan da nan aka canjawa wuri zuwa kasar gona
A cakuda don shuka an shirya shi daga ƙasa turɓaya, yashi da peat a daidai adadin. Dankin ya samar da tushe mai tsayi, wanda yake sauƙin rauni yayin dasawa. Sabili da haka, an fi so a dauki kwantena don shuka seedlings zurfi.
Haske. Idan an ƙaraɗa furanni na furanni na bara a cakuda shuka, tsaba suna girma da sauri kuma tare.
An tsabtace tsaba a cikin maganin 50% na maganin Fundazole. Da wuya harsashi daga cikin zuriyar hana samuwar sprouts, don haka bada shawarar shirya shi don germination a daya daga cikin hanyoyi masu zuwa:
- Rub tare da sandpaper, da hankali kada ku lalata abubuwan da ke ciki. Bayan an cire wani ɓangare na kwasfa, ana nitsar da tsaba a cikin ruwan dumi na awanni 10-12 domin su zube.
- Magana zuwa girgiza girgiza. Don yin wannan, suna daskarewa a cikin injin daskarewa, sannan a nitse cikin ruwan zãfi na minti daya. Bambancin zafin jiki yana haifar da fashewar harsashi mai wuya.
- Bi da tare da sunadarai abun da ke ciki. Tsaba suna soaked na tsawon awanni 10 a cikin maganin kaso goma na lemun tsami ko na mintina 20 a cikin ingantaccen bayani na potassiumgangan. Bayan an yi magani da sunadarai, an wanke tsaba sosai.
Ana shigar da cakuda ƙasa mai kyau a cikin seedlings, yi tsagi tare da zurfin 1.5-2 cm kuma a ko'ina rarraba tsaba a cikinsu. Nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire shine 1-1.5 cm.
Don haɓaka fitowar seedlings, amfanin gona an rufe shi da gilashi ko fim. An saita akwatin amfanin gona a wuri mai dumi, mai haske. Zazzabi Germination - + 20-25 ° C. Harbe yana bayyana bayan kwanaki 14-15. Bayan bayyanar su, an cire tsari daga akwatin kuma sanya shi a cikin mafi kyawun wuri.
Ana shuka 'yan ƙwaya a cikin ƙasa a bayan buɗewar zafi, lokacin da barazanar sanyi ke wucewa. Tare da shuka shuka na zamani a wannan lokacin 4-5 ganye an riga an kafa su. Daga baya dasawa zai haifar da rauni ga tushe, wanda zai cutar da rayuwar tsirar. Tsire-tsire waɗanda akan samo ganye na 7th suna ɗaukar tushe sau biyu marasa kyau.
Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai bude, seedlings suna da zafin rai. Don yin wannan, ana fitar da seedlings don tafiya, a hankali yana ƙara yawan lokacin da aka kashe akan titi. A yayin hargitsi, ana sanya seedlings a cikin wuri mai inuwa, iska mara iska.
Mafi dacewa lokacin dasa shuki shine farkon ko tsakiyar watan Mayu. Idan akwai haɗarin sanyi bayan dasa, an rufe tsire-tsire tare da kayan da ba a saka ba.
Mahimmanci! Ba a ba da shawarar masaniyar fure fure don shuka seedlings lupine a cikin dakin daki. Tsire-tsire a cikin wannan yanayin suna da rauni kuma tare da ƙananan furanni. Mafi kyawun zaɓi don shuka shuki don hanzarta fure shine amfani da takin ƙasa ko ƙasa.
Shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa bude
Furen yakan tashi sosai lokacin da aka shuka shi kai tsaye a buɗe. Imalayyadadden ranakun shuka sun kasance a farkon ko tsakiyar Afrilu. A wannan lokacin, kasar gona ta riga ta ɗan ɗora, amma har yanzu tana riƙe da isasshen danshi don ƙwaya. Minimumaramin zafin jiki na ƙasa don shuka + 5-8 ° C.
Tsarin lupine yayi kama da ƙananan wake
Don haɓaka gabobin jiki na lupine, ana buƙatar zazzabi na 12-15 ° C. A wannan yanayin, shuka yana iya yin haƙuri da digo na dare a cikin zafin jiki zuwa 4-5 ° C.
Mahimmanci! Lokacin shuka tsaba, fure yana farawa a shekara ta biyu. Hanyar yaduwar iri baya bada garantin cewa za a kiyaye inuwar ire-iren mahaifiyar. Mafi yawan jurewa sune launuka masu ruwan hoda da shunayya. Farin launi a lokacin shuka da ke gaba ba a kiyaye shi.
Don shuka, an girke shafin kuma ana amfani da takin mai magani na phosphate-potassium. An sanya tsaba guda 2-3 a cikin ramuka a nesa na 50-60 cm daga juna. Idan dama suka fito toho a cikin kowane rami, barin mafi ƙarfi, an cire sauran.
Tsaba za'a iya shuka shi a cikin ƙasa kafin lokacin hunturu. A wannan yanayin, fure zai fara kakar ta gaba, amma a watan Agusta kawai. Lokacin yin shuka, an yayyafa maƙarfa tare da faɗin peat 3-4 cm tsayi.
Kulawar Lupine na waje
Kulawar Shuka ya ƙunshi shayarwa, takin ƙasa da weeding. Lura ƙasa a kusa da shuka ba lallai ba ne, tunda tushen sa ya shiga zurfi a cikin ƙasa kuma baya buƙatar iskar oxygen.
Watering da ciyar
A inji shi ne fari m, amma tare da na yau da kullum da shi da ya fi karfi Forms wani ganye Rosette da blooms profusely. Watering ya kamata ya zama na yau da kullun da matsakaici. Yana da muhimmanci musamman a sanyaya ƙasa a farkon shekarar shuka nau'ikan perennial. Yayin da tsire-tsire ke girma, adadin danshi yana raguwa.
Mahimmanci! Idan, saboda yawan danshi, bayyanar tushen wuyan ya faru, tushe yana buƙatar yadaka. Lupine da aka shuka kusa da wucin gadi ko jikin halitta na ruwa ba za a iya shayar da shi ba: ƙaƙƙarfan tushe zai sami danshi da kansa.
Ciyar da shuka fara a shekara ta biyu na rayuwa. Lokaci har zuwa shekara ta ciyarwa ba a buƙatar har ma da cutarwa, saboda suna iya rushe tsarin tushen sa.
An gabatar da riguna na fari na farko kai tsaye bayan farawar toho. Ana amfani da takin mai zuwa mai zuwa kayan miya:
- cakuda superphosphate da potassium chloride (20 g / 5 g da murabba'in murabba'in);
- 2 tablespoons na itace ash ga kowane daji;
- lokacin da girma a kan yashi kasa - saman miya tare da gari dolomite da magnesium.
Tsarin Shuka
Lupine da kansa yayi wani nau'in Rosed mai zagaye wanda ya dace, don haka baya bukatar datsa. A lokacin furanni, ana cire mai tushe. Dalilin wannan taron shine don sake dawo da fure a cikin watan Agusta da kuma hana shuka iri.
Itace daga shekaru 4 yana farawa. Cibiyar waje ta mutu, saboda haka fure ya zama mara nauyi. Ana cire tsoffin bushes, ana shuka sabon samfuri a madadinsu.
Hankali! Idan ya zama dole don tara ƙwayoyin shuka don yaduwarsa, da yawa ana ba da haraji har sai 'ya'yan itacen su cika sosai. Don hana rashes na bazata na tsaba, ana saka jakar nama a farfajiyar. Itace ƙwayar shuka ta bushe gaba ɗaya. Abubuwan da aka cire suna bushewa sosai kuma a adana su a cikin jaka.
Kula da damina da damuna
Renanyen Perennial a cikin ƙasa na buɗe zasu iya rayuwa har ma da tsananin sanyi. Don hana daskarewa daga rhizome, an rufe shafin. Idan yanayin ya bushe a lokacin bazara, ana aiwatar da ban ruwa da ruwa.
Bayan maimaita fure a watan Agusta, an yanke sashi na shuka. Ana cire duk tarkacen tsire-tsire, kamar yadda kwari da cututtuka zasu iya yin kwan-ciki a cikinsu. Sannan yanki tare da lupins an mulched da peat ko sawdust. Nan da nan bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, an cire peat da yawa daga harbe.
Changesarfin canje-canje mai ƙarfi yana da illa ga lupins.
A cikin yankuna masu tsauraran yanayi (Ural, Siberiya) nau'in perennial yana buƙatar mafi tsananin tsari. Bayan mulching tare da peat, an rufe makircin da rassan spruce ko ganye mai bushe. Ana cire takaddun rufe kai tsaye bayan farkon narkewar dusar ƙanƙara. Ba shi yiwuwa a jinkirta wannan taron: a ƙarƙashin ruhin ganye ko tsiro, da rhizome za a waterlogged kuma yana iya rot.
Haɓaka matsaloli da hanyoyin magance su
Furen ya shafi cututtuka da kwari idan har ba a bi ka'idodin kulawa da shi ba ko an cika buƙatun don zaɓin makircin. Waɗannan halaye masu zuwa suna da lahani ga shuka:
- canjin yanayi mai kauri;
- karamin haske;
- waterlogging na kasar gona.
Matsalar gama gari ita ce rawaya ganye. Abubuwan da ke haifar da wannan sabon abu shine ƙasa mai alkaline, rashin danshi, ƙwayar nitrogen a cikin ƙasa. Iyakance ƙasa da lokacin shayarwa na zamani na taimakawa wajen magance wannan matsalar.
Shuka lupine da wuri yana taimakawa rage ƙwayar cuta.
A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, cututtuka suna haɓaka:
- Powdery Mildew Yana shafar shuka lokacin da aka haɗe shi da sanyi da zafi. Wani farin shafi zai bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki. An dasa tsiron tare da Topaz, Fundazole ko jan karfe na tagulla.
- Grey da launin ruwan kasa rot. Yana tasowa a kan tushen waterlogging na kasar gona da thickened plantings. Shuka ya fara bushewa, bushewa, launin toka ko jan launi yana bayyana akan ganyayyaki, launin ruwan kasa. Ana gudanar da jiyya ta hanyar fesawa da kwayoyi Fitosporin, ruwa na Bordeaux, sulfate na jan karfe.
- Fusarium Cutar naman gwari ta bayyana a yayin buduwa. Bar ganye ya juya ya zama rawaya, sannan ya juye launin ruwan kasa, ja. An lalata naman gwari ta hanyar fesawa tare da shirye-shiryen Fitosporin, Bactofit.
Lupine kusan ba a kai shi harin kwari na kowa ba. Amma wasu kwari za su iya tsayawa a kan shuka kuma suna haifar da babbar illa a gare shi:
- Phytophages: wireworm, sprout tashi, larvae na May beetles. Wadannan kwari zasu iya kai hari ga tsaba nan da nan bayan shuka a cikin ƙasa. Don magance su, an kula da shafin da maganin kashe kwari kafin shuka.
- Aphids. Yana kai hari inflorescences yayin budding. Idan an samo dige baƙar fata a farfajiyar, ana baza shuka tare da Aktara, Actellik, Spark, Alatar.
Bayani mai amfani na lambu
Gardenerswararrun lambu suna shirye su raba tare da fasalulluka da mahimman lamura na girma akan filin lambun.
Wani tsararren daji ba zai iya canza launi na furanni ba, daga wannan zai zama launin da ya samo asali. Amma 'ya'yansa, waɗanda suka girma daga zuriya, zasu kasance daga kowane launuka, idan a nan kusa (a cikin isa ga pollinating kwari) akwai wasu tsirrai na wannan nau'in, amma launuka daban-daban.
Irena
//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/86901/
Na saba da lupins a yankin na. Yanzu sun fito da shuka-kai, da kuma koyan yadda za su iya inganta tsoffin bushes. Bayan haka, bayan shekaru 3-4, rhizomes na tsire-tsire na manya sun fara farawa daga ƙasa, daji ya raunana kuma babu babban riguna da ke taimaka masa babu kuma. Wajibi ne a shuka sababbi, amma daga tsaba ake iya samun tsire-tsire masu launi daban-daban, tunda akwai rarrabuwar haruffa masu juna biyu. A cikin bazara daga tsire-tsire da ake so, tare da wuka Na raba toho tare da yanki na rhizome kuma dasa shi a ƙarƙashin gilashi, to, furanni za su kasance kamar shuka uwar a cikin sabon daji.
Sanovna
//www.forumdacha.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?t=3756
Lupine baya son dasawa, tunda yana da tushen tushe. Sabili da haka, ba a shuka shi ta hanyar shuka ba. Germination na tsaba yana faruwa a cikin haske. Ba su rufe shi da qasa, kuma idan ya tashi, to, ya tara qasa.
Nat. Gene
//dv0r.ru/forum/index.php?topic=2233.0
Lupine mara misalai na iya zama shekara ko shekara. Saboda bambanta launinta, ana amfani dashi da yawa a ƙirar ƙasa. Dankin yana buƙatar ƙaramar hankali kuma yana sauƙaƙe yada shi da zuriya da kuma kayan lambu.
