Rufe willow

Fasali na girma willow kuka: zabi na dasa kayan, dasawa da kulawa

Willow yana da jinsin da yawa, daga cikinsu akwai bishiyoyi, bishiyoyi da masu rarrafe. Suna girma da kyau, daidai dace da yanayi na birane kuma suna da sauƙi don datsa. Kayan kayan ado na waɗannan tsire-tsire suna sanya su masoyan masu zane-zane. Mafi mashahuri shi ne kuka yi kuka, wanda wannan labarin ya kebanta.

Irin kuka willow

A yanayi, akwai nau'in willows 600. Suna girma a ko'ina, ana samun ko da a cikin tundra da Arctic.

Willow yana kuka har zuwa mita 25-30 kuma zai rayu har zuwa shekaru 100. Gashin itacen yana da iko, an rufe shi da launin toka. Kambi yana da faɗi, yadawa. Ganye suna da launi mai duhu, daga ƙasa suna haske kuma kamar an rufe su da fuzz mai haske.

Girman willow jinsunan suna mamaki da girman su da bambancin su. A nan ne kawai shahararrun mutane:

  1. White Willow. Mafi girma (girmansa yana da mita 25-27) da kuma ra'ayi mara kyau. An lakafta su dangane da launi na launin azurfa. Yana jure wa dusar ƙanƙara kuma zai iya girma a wurare masu shaded. Ya dubi mafi girma a cikin bishiyoyi tare da launi mai duhu kuma yana aiki a matsayin wuri mai kyau don bishiyoyi masu launi.

  2. Willow goat (bredana). A spring, a lõkacin da flowering a kan harbe wannan nau'in, Fluffy furanni Bloom, da kuma goat Willow kama da babbar Dandelion. Irin wannan willow ne mai tsami ne aka dasa a cikin dacha a cikin rukuni na rukuni, ko da yake yana da kyau a hade tare da tsire-tsire masu launi.

  3. Willow ne prutovidnaya. Babban itace (har zuwa mita 8) tare da manyan rassan. A lokacin da furanni a kan rassan, an kafa kananan kwayoyin cylindrical (har zuwa 6 cm), kuma shrub ya zama furen a wannan lokacin.
  4. Willow ne mafi kyau. Differs daga sauran willows a cikin m launin ruwan kasa mai tushe. Irin wannan willow yana kuka don amfanin gona mai kyau da kuma yadda sauri yake girma (bai wuce shekaru 2 ba girma).
  5. Willow na Babila. Itacen ya tsiro fiye da mita 15 a tsawo tare da kambi har zuwa mita 9 a diamita. Yana girma da sauri, yadda ya kamata ya dubi cikin rukuni na rukuni a tafki.

Selection of seedlings don dasa

A karkashin yanayin yanayi, willow zai iya haifar tsaba kuma a cikin al'ada na Willow yi kuka ninka grafting ko samun seedling.

Da farko, da seedlings zabi hunturu kara, da kyau balagagge itace. Yana da kyawawa cewa shekarun yara matasa na daya zuwa shekaru biyu kuma ana girbe su a farkon spring ko marigayi kaka.

Kafin budding seedlings an sanya shi a cikin yashi yashi ko a cikin wani akwati na ruwa.

Shin kuna sani? Willow ya bayyana a duniyar da dadewa - an samu ragowarsa a zamanin Cretaceous, kuma wasu nau'o'in zamani (ashy, white, prutovidnaya) sun karu a cikin zamanin Quaternary.

Wurin shuka willow

Ya kamata a dasa shuki mai haske a cikin haske, yashi, matsakaici na kasa. Makirci ya kamata a bude, da haske, rana, mai yiwuwa tare da haske na penumbra.

Bugu da ƙari, a kan shafin da aka shirya don shuka willow, ruwan ƙasa ya kamata a kusa da shi. Idan kana da wani wuri a kan shafin da ake binne a sakamakon dusar ƙanƙara, to, wannan shine ainihin abin da yake da dadi ga Willow.

Yana da muhimmanci! Lokacin da aka rufe baki, willows masu kuka ba su girma. Koda a yanayin yanayi, bishiyoyin willow ba su samuwa a cikin jeji.

Mafi kyau lokaci don dasa shuki Willow

Kana son dasa itace a kan shirinka, yana da muhimmanci a ƙayyade lokacin da ya dace lokacin da ya fi kyau shuka shuka willow a wuri mai dindindin. Mafi kyawun zaɓi - a cikin bazara, lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ya narke. Bugu da ƙari, dole ne a cika cikakken tsarin tushen tsarin seedling. Zaka iya shuka willow a cikin fall, bayan karshen ruwan kwarara, kawai a wuraren da akwai dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa.

Dokoki don dasa shuki Willow seedlings

A cikin ƙasa ana sanya tsirrai a irin wannan zurfin cewa da dama buds kasance a kan surface. Kafin dasa shuki mai tsayi, sai suka yi rami 60 cm a diamita don nau'in bishiyoyi da 50 cm na bushes. Hasken fossa ya kamata ya zama cm 40. Idan seedling yana da tushen tsarin tushen, fossa ya dace da diamita na duniya clod. A cikin shari'ar lokacin da aka shirya shirin willow a cikin shinge, to sai ku haƙa rami 40 cm mai zurfi kuma 40-50 cm fadi.

Shin kuna sani? A cikin al'adun mutane, willow yana hade da bakin ciki kuma a lokaci guda alama ce ta kyau.
Don nauyi nauyi kasa, malalewa ake bukata. Don yin wannan, yashi ko dutse mai laushi a cikin Layer na 20-30 cm an zuba a kasan ramin don dasa.

Domin willow suna kuka da kyau don su zauna, kana buƙatar shirya cakuda mai gina jiki na ƙasa, peat da takin, da aka dauka a daidai rabbai. Zaka iya ƙara 200 g na azofosca zuwa wannan cakuda. Wannan abun da ke ciki ya cika ginin rami 1/3 da kuma sanya seedling.

Sa'an nan kuma ƙasa a kusa da seedling yana tamped a irin wannan hanyar da rami watering ne kafa a kusa da shi. A karshen dasa, 2 buckets na ruwa suna zuba a karkashin kowace seedling.

Idan kwanakin kullun ya fadi a lokacin kaka, dole ne a rufe ƙasa da bambaro ko busassun ganye, kuma ya kamata a rufe seedlings da bishiyoyin spruce.

Idan yankan yana da girma, a karo na farko, an saita fatar goyon baya don gyara matsayi na tsaye kusa da shi.

Shin kuna sani? Ana kira daban-daban a cikin yankuna daban-daban: willow, itacen inabi, blacktail, Willow, waddle, mai ban sha'awa, inabi, rakita.

Yadda za a kula da willow kuka

To Willow da sauri girma da kuma duba m, kana bukatar ka san dabaru na girma da kuma kula da wadannan shuke-shuke. Dole ne a biya karin kulawa ga kula da willow kuka don karon farko bayan dasa.

Watering

Tun da willow ne mai shuka mai laushi, yana buƙatar m watering da na yau da kullum spraying.

A farkon shekarun, ƙananan bishiyoyi suna girma da sauri, suna samun kimanin mita 3 kowace shekara. Sabili da haka, a wannan lokacin suna buƙatar a shayar da su a 2-5 buckets da kowane sashi (itacen zai sha kamar yadda yake bukata). Ana shayar da shayar ko dai da sassafe ko da yamma bayan faɗuwar rana.

Dole ne a zubar da ruwa ba kawai a tushen, amma kuma a kan kambi.

Shin kuna sani? An yi amfani da haushi mai haske a matsayin mai amfani da antipyretic da anti-inflammatory, kuma salicylic acid ya sami sunan daga Latin salix - willow.

Top dressing

Lokacin da kuka shuka itace a cikin shirin ku, kuyi tunani kan yadda za ku ciyar, tun da girma da willow willow zai yi aiki ba tare da su ba. Dole ne a gudanar da cin abinci a cikin bazara ko kaka, yayin da ke yin kullun daron.

Duk wani takin mai magani (ma'adinai da kwayoyin) sun dace da kuka willows. Gabatarwar su a duk lokacin kakar ya zama abin tabbatar da lafiyar lafiyar jiki da kyan gani. A cikin bazara da kuma lokacin rani suna yin amfani da hadari, kuma a watan Agusta - superphosphate da potassium sulfate. Yawan taki ya dogara da shekarun shuka.

A lokacin bazara, yana da shawara don sassauta ƙasa a kusa da itacen kuma ƙara hawan ma'adinai. A lokacin kaka, aukuwar ganye da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire daga shafin yanar gizo kuma a watan Oktoba-Nuwamba sun rufe nau'o'in iri masu sanyi zuwa sanyi.

Yana da muhimmanci! Kada ka bar ganye a kwance karkashin willow - suna dauke da tannins wanda basu da tasiri a kan ci gaba da shuka.

Gashi da kuma kambin kambi

Idan kuka yi kuka da itacen willow a lokaci ba a yanke shi ba, to, tsarin halitta na kambi zai faru - rassan zasu bazu, kuma itacen zai rasa sakamako na ado. Saboda haka yanke gashi - hanya mai dacewa. Bayan pruning, zaka iya samun willows na siffar sabon abu da kyau.

A farkon shekaru na rayuwa (har zuwa shekaru 5), injin ba ya buƙatar aski. Willow yana samun ƙarfi, samun ƙarfi, girma da bunkasa. Lokacin da rassan girma zuwa mita, yana da daraja fara farkon pruning.

Hakanan, an huda Willow a cikin bazara, amma zaka iya yin wannan hanya a lokacin rani. A tips daga cikin rassan an taqaitaccen by 30-35 cm A yanke ana yi kai tsaye sama da sama toho.

Yana da muhimmanci! Ba za ku iya yanke willow a lokacin flowering ba.
Regular pruning na Willow rassan za su ba ka damar samar da wata na marmari itace tare da kwazazzabo kambi 5-6 shekaru bayan dasa.

Kwayoyin cututtuka da kuma kwari na kwari da itatuwan willow

Kulawa mai mahimmanci lokacin da ake girma da tsumbura kuka don kwari da cututtuka waɗanda zasu iya shafar wannan kyakkyawa. Saboda haka mafi yawan lokuta willows za a iya barazana:

  • ganye beetles;
  • caterpillars;
  • gizo-gizo mite;
  • giwaye;
  • kwari;
  • aphid;
  • linzamin kwamfuta-kamar rodents.
Shuka kwayoyi irin su dodder da convolvulus ba su da hatsari ga willow.

Daga cikin cututtukan cututtuka da dama na willow suna da muhimmanci a haskaka:

  • yankakken man fetur;
  • tsatsa;
  • necrosis;
  • tabo;
  • scab
Wadannan cututtuka sun bayyana a sakamakon mummunan zafi, wadda ta haddasa ambaliyar ruwa. Don magance su, willow da ke kuka suna bi da su tare da masu haɗari a cikin bazara da kaka (don rigakafi) da kuma bayanan farko na alamun cutar.

Bugu da ƙari, haushi da rassan ya kamata a bincikar su akai-akai don alamun necrotic, a lokacin da za su dauki matakai don hana ci gaban cutar. An yanke rassan da aka shafa zuwa yanki mai lafiya, kuma an cire matakan da aka yanke.

Yana da muhimmanci! Ka yi kokarin kare willow haushi daga lalacewar injiniya - masu satar ƙwayar cuta su shiga cikin su.
Anyi amfani da maganin kwari na Necrosis na willow a cikin Agusta ko Mayu, domin kakar ta gaba.

Idan specks greyish ya bayyana a cikin ganyen Willow, dole ne a bi da shuka tare da shirye-shirye na jan karfe.

Sake bugun willow cuttings

Hanyar da ta fi dacewa kuma mafi dacewa ta haɓaka willow kuka suna yankan. Ƙananan 'ya'yan itace sukan juya cikin itace mai ban sha'awa. Babu wani abu mai wahala a yadda za'a shuka itace daga cuttings.

Cuttings girbe a cikin kaka ko farkon spring. Zaɓin kananan ƙananan da suka juya baya fiye da shekaru 2 - saboda haka mafi kusantar cewa twig zai fara.

Don inganta tsattsauran hanyoyi ko tsakiyar ɓangaren shuka, wanda zai iya samar da asali da sauri. A cuttings ya zama 20-50 cm a tsawo kuma 5-20 mm a diamita.

An dasa shukar kayan shuka a cikin akwati ko a cikin wani gine-gine a nesa na 20-30 cm A lokacin kulawa, ana kula da hankali sosai ga danshi mai laushi, yana sassauka ƙasa da kuma cire seedlings na tsire-tsire na uku.

A cuttings girma kyakkyawa da sauri, amma yi sauri tare da canji a cikin ƙasa bude ba shi da daraja - matasa dole ne overwinter. Bayan shekara guda, cuttings suna shirye don saurin daidaitawa zuwa wani sabon wuri kuma zasu fara ci gaba.

Willow ne mafi mashahuri daji-girma itace, wanda shine sauƙin gane by ta tsawo branching harbe. Dangane da ƙananan sauƙi na wannan shuka, wasu lambu suna da farin cikin girma, da kuma sanin yadda za a datse willow kuka da kuma yadda za a magance shi da kyau zai sa ya yiwu a samu a kan shafin ka mai kyau daga bisani da yawa.