Don dalilai da yawa, rarrabaccen yanki na yankunan kudan zuma ba a yarda da kudan zuma ba.
Ya fi dacewa don sarrafa cikakken tsari kuma, idan ya cancanta, shirya stifming artificial.
Bari mu gwada yadda za muyi hakan.
Bayani
Zai yiwu a samar da iyalan kudan zuma guda biyu daga iyalan da suka yi tsere tare da taimakon wanda ake kira. nuclei, wato kananan ƙananan iyalansu, wanda aka kafa ta hanyar artificially. Don ƙirƙirar tsakiya, sun cire daga dangin mai karfi zuwa harsuna guda biyu tare da brood da kuma matakan abinci 1-2. Ana sanya su a wani sabon hive, wanda aka canja shi zuwa wani wuri.
A lokaci guda, tsoffin ƙudan zuma za su koma gidansu, kuma samari suna samar da sabuwar mallaka, wanda aka ba su mahaifa balaga ko kuma mahaifiyarsa mai haɗari.
Yana da muhimmanci! Da farko, ƙananan ƙudan zuma ba su iya samar da kansu da ruwa, don haka don kwanakin farko da suka buƙaci su sanya kayan sha.
Bayan bayyanar sabon mahaifa da kuma farawar tsutsotsi fara fara haifar da dangin kudan zuma. An ƙarfafa tsakiya tare da cikakkun igiyoyi - farko daɗa ɗaya ko guda biyu, kuma bayan wasu 'yan kwanaki biyu. A nan gaba, mulkin mallaka ya ci gaba da kansa. 
Hanyar rarraba mulkin mallaka a cikin rabin ko rabin rani ya shafi yin amfani da iyali mai ƙarfi. Irin wannan iyali tana rarraba daidai daidai, daga kowane rabin sabon mallaka an kafa.
Tsarin kudan zuma, wanda ake kira "plaque a cikin mahaifa", ana aikata lokacin da iyalin ke shirye don sassauran yanayi, wato, ya sanya matakan sarauniya sarauniya.
Da wannan hanya, an raba mazauna domin tsuntsaye masu tashi tare da mahaifa su kasance a cikin hive daya, da kuma ba'awa da zuriya a daya.
Koyi abubuwa masu ban sha'awa game da irin wannan zuma kamar black-and-white, hawthorn, esparcetovy, acacia, chestnut, buckwheat, lemun tsami, phacelia, coriander, kabewa, rapeseed, dandelion.
Janar kwatanta da halitta kiwo
Ra'ayin rarrabe na iyalai ta hanyar raguwa yana da ƙananan haɓaka idan aka kwatanta da tsara rabuwa artificial. Musamman ma, a lokacin tsari mai shinge, tarin zuma yana da muhimmanci (har zuwa 50%) rage. 
Bugu da ƙari, yanayin halitta yana da mawuyacin hali - wasu iyalan iyali, wasu ba sa. A irin wannan yanayin akwai kusan yiwuwar tsara ci gaban, bunkasa apiary.
Shin kuna sani? Kowane kudan zuma ya kawo ɗanɗanar zuma a cikin rayuwarsa, kimanin 1/12 tsp. Amma yawancin yankunan kudan zuma sun ba su izinin tattara kundin tsarin wannan samfurin da ke cikin kakar. - har zuwa 200 kg. A lokaci guda a lokacin hunturu suna cin naman kilo 35 na zuma.A karkashin yanayin shayarwa na yankunan kudan zuma, mahaifa ya bayyana ba tare da yin la'akari ba, ciki har da iyalai marasa ƙarfi wanda ba a so don ci gaba. Shekaru da asalin asali a cikin swarms ne sau da yawa ba zai yiwu ba.
A irin wannan yanayi, mai kiwon beekeeper ba zai yiwu ya kafa aikin noma ba.
Bayanan lokuta shine asarar swarms wanda basu da tushe a cikin apiary. Don kaucewa irin wannan asarar, dole ne a lura da apiary na dogon lokaci. Tarin swarms da aka watsar zai iya zama da wuya (misali, idan swarm ya zauna a saman bishiyar). 
Sabili da haka, rabuwa na halitta na yankunan kudan zuma ya rage yawan amfanin gona, yana tsangwama da aikin kiwo, yana haifar da matsala ga adana iyalan da suka bambanta. Duk waɗannan matsaloli za a iya kaucewa ta hanyar sarrafa wannan tsari.
A gefe guda, swarms na halitta suna da amfani a kan iyalan da ba a kafa ba. Suna hanzari da sauri don gina hawan zuma kuma suna aiki mafi kyau a yankin likita.
Shin kuna sani? A lokacin rana, kudan zuma zai iya nazarin fiye da furanni 5,000. Dukan ƙudan zuma a cikin rana a cikin rana sun yi magudi fiye da tarin biliyan.
Binciken ilimin halitta
Duk tsawon lokacin iyalin kudan zuma akwai matakai da ke shafar yawancinta - fitowar sabon ƙudan zuma da mutuwar tsofaffi. By farkon spring, ƙudan zuma mutu fiye da waɗanda aka haife, da kuma yawan mazauna ragewa. 
Amma sannu-sannu ƙididdigar lambobi ba kome ba ne, sa'an nan kuma tsayayyar girma na mazaunin ana kiyaye saboda samfurin aiki.
A wasu mahimmanci, adadin qwai da aka sa a kowace rana ta mahaifa ya kai tsaka. Bugu da kari, yawan ƙwayar jariri ya bayyana a cikin hive, kuma kowane tsutsa ba ya aiki ta ba daya, amma har zuwa hudu irin ƙudan zuma.
Ana fitowa da yawan adadin kwari da ba'a ɗora su ba, da maƙasudin iyalansu, suna taimakawa wajen kaddamar da yanayin halitta.
Formation na kudan zuma beads
Sabbin yankunan kudan zuma sun fara samuwa tare da samuwar nuclei (an bayyana wannan tsari a sama). An sanya mahaifa cikin baƙar fata a cikin tsakiya kuma an rufe shi tare da tafiya, kuma a rana mai zuwa za a saki mahaifa daga ƙarƙashin tafiya. Bayan kimanin makonni biyu, ta fara saka qwai. Don sake canza ginshiƙan a cikin otvodok mai cikakke yana ciyar da silfinsa. Wannan tsari zai fara nan da nan bayan kwanciya na qwai ya fara a cikin sarauniya. Ɗaya daga cikin guda biyu na igiya da aka buga a tsakiya, kuma bayan kwana 5 an sanya wasu ɓangarori biyu a can.
Sabili da haka, yawan ci gaban da aka samu, sabon iyalin kudan zuma ya zama mai wadatawa kuma ya dauki wani ɓangare a cikin tarin zuma.
Maimakon 'yan matan baƙar fata, za a iya sanya ƙwayayen sarauniya masu ƙarfin hali waɗanda suke da cikakkiyar nau'in kaya. A wannan yanayin, ana amfani da kwayoyin Sarauniya a hankali a saman saman saƙar zuma kusa da brood. An san tsawon lokacin da yake dauke da ƙwayar kudan zuma don fita daga cikin sarauniya - kwanaki 16.
Amma yayin da ake amfani da tantanin sararin samaniya, wannan tsari ya rage. 
A nan gaba, ana shimfida shimfidu ta hanya ɗaya kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama. Ana gudanar da cututtuka a lokacin bazara kafin farkon cin hanci.
Yanke nama guda daya
Idan ƙudan zuma ga tsakiya kuma to a cikin layuka an dauke su ne kawai daga ɗayan iyali, to, ana kiran irin wannan nau'in mutum. Irin wannan ladabi zai iya rage yawan iyalin farko.
Kudan zuma tattara
A cikin shari'ar idan ana amfani da kwari daga iyalai daban-daban don gina sabon kudan zuma, ana kiran jinsin gayyata. Wannan hanya tana ba ka dama da sauri samar da manyan yadudduka.
Koyi yadda za a yi hive ga ƙudan zuma, wani rufi mai tsayi, wani zangon ga ƙudan zuma, hive hi-hive, kudan zuma na Dadan.
Ƙungiyar iyali na ƙudan zuma a cikin rabin
Amfani da wannan hanya na rarraba yana yiwuwa ne kawai dangane da babban ɗaki mai ƙarfi. Don yin wannan, ga masu hijira, sun sanya kullun da kuma sanya rabi na tsarin tare da bishiyoyi da fodder frames a ciki. Ba kome ba wanda hive ya zauna a cikin mahaifa. 
Daga baya, an sanya wajibi don haka dukansu sun kasance nisan kusan rabin mita, zuwa dama da hagu daga wurin asali na hive. A wannan yanayin, dole ne a sanya cages a cikin hanyar da aka ajiye a cikin asibiti.
Shin kuna sani? Kudan zuma da aka kwashe tare da nectar ba za a iya sutura ba.Ƙudan zuma, dawowa, ba su samo asirinsu ba a tsohuwar wuri kuma za a fara rarraba a tsakanin ɗakunan biyu.
Idan an rarraba su ba tare da daɗaɗɗa ba, to, ana ƙara ƙwaƙwalwar hive "."
Yana da muhimmanci! Domin rabo mai kyau na iyali, hive na biyu ya kamata ya dace da farko a girman, launi da bayyanar.A hankali, ƙuƙumma suna juyawa a cikin wasu wurare da dama kuma sun motsa daga juna zuwa wurare masu dindindin. A cikin hive, wanda ya juya ya zama ba tare da mahaifa ba, ana shuka shuka mai tayi.
Ƙudan zuma a cikin mahaifa ko sarauniya kudan zuma
Don wannan hanyar, da farko, shirya sabon hive, saka shi a wurin wurin da za ku zauna sannan ku motsa daga wurin tsohuwar hive guda biyu tare da brood, kamar wasu ƙananan matuka da mahaifa.
An sanya tsohuwar hive zuwa wani wuri na apiary, kuma an saka sabon sarauniya ko kuma abincin giya da aka sanya a ciki.
Ya kamata a lura cewa plaque a kan mahaifa ko kuma abincin giya yana da kyau don guje wa ƙarancin halitta, wanda zai iya farawa. A gefe guda, iyalan da aka kafa sun fara raunana.
Bugu da ƙari, suna da matsala: a cikin wani yanki ƙudan zuma da ƙwayar mahaifa, da kuma a cikin wasu - wadanda ba su da hawaye da zuriya. 
Simming da Taranov artificial swarming
Ana amfani da wasu hanyoyi don hana haɗarin halitta. Lokacin amfani da hanyar Simmins, duk ɓangarori da tsutsa da zuma suna motsa zuwa shagon. Wadannan ɓangarori suna rabu da sauran wurare masu banƙyama a ƙofar shiga ta hanyar hahnemann lattice.
Ramin sarari yana cike da tsarin da alaga.
Kuna kuma sha'awar koyo game da kudan zuma, da amfani da beeswax, yadda za a duba zuma don kare jiki, wanda ke buƙatar tsabtace kakin zuma da kuma fitar da zuma.Daga gaba, an sanya matakan sushi biyu a garesu na ƙofar. Dukkan kwari, ciki har da mahaifa, an girgiza su a kasa daga cikin gida.
A nan gaba, wasu ƙudan zuma suna wucewa ta hanyar trellis zuwa tsutsa, wasu sun kasance tare da mahaifa kuma suna fara samar da sabuwar gida, kuma mahaifa ya shuka tsarin. Sabili da haka, bisa ga tsarin Simmins, swarming artificial yana faruwa a cikin hive. 
Hanyar Taranov ta shafi ƙaddara ƙudan zuma tare da hayaƙi ta hanyar ƙofar sannan kuma tare da saman tsarin. Wannan magudi yana sa ƙudan zuma tattara zuma a cikin zobiki. Kafin wata sanarwa, an shigar da jirgi, ɗayan gefen ya taɓa ƙasa, ɗayan kuma yana tsaye a gaban layin.
Ƙudan zuma, tare da mahaifa, an girgiza zuwa kasa kusa da jirgin. A karkashin jirgi, sun yi tuntuɓe a cikin wani sashi, wanda aka sanya shi a cikin ruwa. Har sai gobe na safe, an ajiye roev a cikin wuri mai duhu. Da safe, duk yarinyar Sarauniya a cikin hive an lalace, kuma an mayar da jigon zuwa tsohon wuri.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan ka bar akalla ɗaya giya mai maye, to ka hana swarming ba zai yi nasara ba. Idan baza ka lalata Kwayoyin Sarauniya ba, amma ka motsa ragowar zuwa sabuwar hive, amma sai dangin farko zasu raunana.
Hanyar artificial swarming daidai da Simmens ko Taranov suna da wasu rashin amfani. Saboda haka, hanyar Simmens ba ta dace kawai ga ɗaki biyu. Bugu da ƙari, ba ya ƙyale ya sarrafa ingancin mahaifa, don haka an yi shi ne kawai a kananan ƙauyuka. 
Yayinda ake shinge a Taranov, yana da muhimmanci a dauki ƙudan zuma waɗanda suka aikata wannan hanya, aiki, in ba haka ba swarming zai faru har abada. Sakamakon wannan sakamakon zai jagoranci kuma ba a lalata a cikin sarauniya hive ba.
Amfani da cututtukan kudan zuma na wucin gadi
A wasu lokuta, saboda rashin samun cin hanci da cin hanci, ana kiwon ƙudan zuma da aikin. A sakamakon haka, zasu iya fara tono, wanda ya rage yawan aiki na apiary. Don magance wannan matsala, ana amfani da ƙudan zuma na wucin gadi.
Suna haifar da waɗannan layuka a hanyar da ta fara farkon cin hanci, sabon iyalan zasu iya shiga cikin tarin zuma. Saboda haka, an kafa layering a cikin kwanakin kwanaki 40 kafin cin hanci da yawa da kuma tarin mahaifa tayi daidai da shi.
Don kafawar otvodka yi amfani da hanyar da aka sani da rarraba ƙudan zuma a rabi (duba bayanin da ke sama). A lokaci guda kuma, rabin rabin asalin iyali da na uku za a iya sake saitawa zuwa sabuwar hive - duk ya dogara ne akan yanayin da yanayin da ke cikin. 
A ƙarshen kakar, an cire iyalai na wucin gadi: ƙudan zuma da brood suna a haɗe da mazaunin asali, daga cikin 'ya'yan biyu da suka bar mafi kyau.
A sakamakon haka, yawan tarin zuma daga cikin gida da dangi na dan lokaci ya karu idan aka kwatanta da wadanda ba a rarraba ba, kuma iyalin da ke da karfi suna zuwa hunturu.
Lokacin kiwo
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ƙwarewar ƙudan zuma tare da yin jingina yana yiwuwa ne kawai a cikin lokuta masu ma'ana. Wadannan sharuddan an ƙidaya bisa ga kalandar shuke-shuke na zuma. Hanyoyin cututtuka, da stifming artificial ba su wuce kusan makonni biyar kafin fara cin hanci.
Mafi mahimmanci, ana gudanar da wannan aiki kwanaki 50 kafin.
A ƙarshe, swarming ƙudan zuma na ƙudan zuma, a matsayin mai mulkin, abu ne mai ban sha'awa ga masu beekeepers. 
Yin amfani da cuttings, da kuma hanyoyin kamar Simmens da Taranov, sune hanyoyin da za su iya hana shi.
