Daga cikin sanannun ga kowane mutum fure shuke-shuke ne Lavender. Mutane suna son inuwa na furanninta sosai har ma sun karɓi suna iri ɗaya - lavender.
Lavender filayen
Mutane da yawa suna mafarkin samun wannan perennial a cikin lambu, amma ba kowa ba ne ya san yadda ake girma lavender daga tsaba.
Lavender azaman al'adun fure
Lavender, ko Lavandula, tsire-tsire ne mai tsire-tsire. Wannan ciyayi ne, wakilin nau'in Iasnatkovye, wanda ya haɗu game da nau'ikan 30. Kuna iya saduwa da su a cikin Afirka, Arabia, Kudancin Turai, Indiya, Ostiraliya.
Ban sha'awa. Lavender alama ce ta Faransa, mafi dacewa sashinsa - Provence. Duk saboda a lokacin Daular Rome ta kasance daidai wadancan kasashen da aka yi amfani da su don su shuka wannan tsiro. An dauke shi da mahimmanci sosai kuma an sayar dashi kusan ƙimarsa a zinare.
Sunan farkon fure ya fito ne daga Latin "lawa", wanda ke nufin "wanka". Wannan ya faru ne saboda tsoffin Helenawa sunyi amfani dashi ba don dalilai na magani ba, har ma don wankewa da wanke tufafinsu. Bayan 'yar kadan, Faransawa sun yaba wa furannin tsararrakin fure, wannan sunan ne ya bazu ko'ina cikin duniya.
Nau'in Lavender
Gaba ɗaya, wannan ya danganta yawansu ya haɗu kamar 30. Daga cikin waɗannan, guda biyu ne kawai galibi ke noma. Wato:
- Lavender-leave-leave (shi ma Ingilishi ne kuma magani);
- Lavender broadleaf (ko Faransanci).
Bayarwa ta Faransa
Turanci lavender shi ne ya zama ruwan dare gama duniya. Tana da kunkuntar ganye da ƙyalli-dimbin yawa inflorescences. An noma shi akan tituna a tsakiyar layin. Wannan saboda ta sami damar kwantar da hankallan hunturu a cikin ƙasa, ba lallai ba ne ta yi tono daga ciki, ta zama a cikin gidan.
Faransancin Faransanci yafi rufin asiri. Ganyenta suna da fadi, inflorescences sun gajarta. Bambanci mafi mahimmanci shine cewa lavender Faransa an kashe shi da sanyi a ƙasa -10 ° C. Domin galibi ana girma a gida, idan aka girma a gonar don hunturu, dole ne a haƙa su kuma a canza su zuwa ɗakin.
Ban sha'awa. Gardenersasashen lambu na Rasha suna amfani da ƙarin jinsuna biyu (duk da hakan ba sau da yawa fiye da na farko): Yaren mutanen Holland, ko matasan, da kuma yatsa.
Amfana da Aiwatarwa
Hatta tsoffin Helenawa sun lura fa'idodin wannan tsiron furanni. Lokaci ya wuce, iyakokin ilimin mutane game da duniya sun fadada, kuma shakku game da halaye masu amfani na lavender har yanzu basu bayyana ba.
Abu mafi mahimmanci ga magani a cikin wannan fure shine mai mahimmanci na mai. Ana iya samun wannan ta hanyar matsi dukkan ɓangarorin daskararre (kuma ba kawai daga furanni ba, kamar yadda wasu suka yi imani). Man na da kayan abinci masu arziki: ya ƙunshi linalool, coumarins, geraniol, borneol, da sauran abubuwa masu amfani. Godiya garesu, ana iya amfani da lavender ether kamar haka:
- Don warkar da abrasions, yankan.
- Tare da dizziness, ciwon kai.
- Tare da rashin bacci da raunin hankali.
- Tare da ciwon hakori.
- Don kawar da edema.
- Tare da rashin kwanciyar hankali a ciki da hanji.
- A matsayin maganin anthelmintic.
Ana amfani da furen a cikin magungunan mutane ta hanyoyi daban-daban: ana amfani da tsaba na lavender, kuma tsiwaran sa, da furanni, da ganyayyaki. Daga gare ta ke sanya teas, poultices. An haɗa shi da maganin shafawa, ana ɗaukar wanka tare da shi. Ana iya amfani da man Lavender don maganin ƙanshi.
Aromatherapy mai
Haka kuma, jami'in, wanda aka tabbatar dashi a kimiyance shima yana amfani da wannan fure. Gaskiya ne, a wannan yanayin, ana amfani da cirewar fure sau da yawa.
Daban-daban Lavender don Girman Gida
Lavender furen fure ne wanda za'a iya girma a gonar da a gida. Haka kuma, don dalili na biyu, ana zaɓar nau'in fure na Faransa, notched ko matasan, mafi yawa. Su karami ne, tsoron tsoron sanyi, saboda a tsakiyar layin an fi su girma nan da nan a gida. Daga cikin nau'ikan iri daban-daban, masu zuwa suna da ban sha'awa musamman:
- Helmsdale. Wannan nau'ikan bayar da ruwa ne na kyauta. An bambanta shi da launi da furanni - ba Lilac ba, maimakon burgundy.
- Alba Wannan nau'ikan nau'ikan launuka ne na Yaren mutanen Holland. Bambancinsa fararen furanni ne.
- Masu kallo. Wannan kuma wani lavender na gargajiya ne, furanni waɗanda ke da launuka masu launin shuɗi.
Masu kallo
- Royal Crown - furanni daban-daban na lavender tare da furanni na fure mai laushi.
Yadda ake tattara tsaba don shuka
'Yan lambu sun fi son yaduwar lavender ta hanyar tsaba. Ana iya samun su ta hanyoyi guda biyu: ta hanyar tattara su da kanka kuma zaɓi a cikin shagon. A kowane yanayi, akwai hanyoyin yardar da kuke buƙatar sani.
Tarin
Za ku iya tattara cikakkiyar inflorescences na fure a cikin lambu (ko kuma ta hanyar sayen bouquet tare da su a cikin shagon) ku bushe su. Bayan haka, ƙananan tsaba suka zage shi.
Tsarin Lavender suna da fasalin halayyar guda ɗaya - germination mai ban mamaki. Ko da bayan shekaru biyar daga tarin, za su iya harba. Amma kawai tare da ajiya mai dacewa (a cikin akwati da aka rufe) da germination.
Sayi
Ta hanyar tsaba kansu, yana da wuya a ƙayyade ko an sayar da iri-iri a cikin jakar takarda ko a'a. Domin kada ku yi mamakin sauya furen bayan an shuka iri da suka tsiro, kuna buƙatar fara kallon farashi. Yayin da yake da ban sha'awa da kyau da shuka, yadda tsadarsa zata yi tsada. Ba su da arha.
Lavender tsaba daga shagon
Batu na biyu da yakamata ku kula dashi shine bayanai akan kunshin. Ya kamata ya ƙunshi:
- Suna iri-iri;
- Mai masana'anta;
- Kula da shawarwari.
Kulawar seedling
Domin da iri na bayar da lavender ya ba da kyawawan ƙwayoyin lafiya, dole ne a kiyaye da dama dokoki don kula da shi. Musamman, waɗannan sune:
- Haske. Lavender tsire-tsire ne mai matukar daukar hoto, saboda haka babu matsala ya kamata ka saka shi a cikin inuwa.
- Zafi. Furen ba zai son zafi ko sanyi ba - alamun zazzabi ya kamata su bambanta tsakanin 15-21 ° C.
- Zaba Ruwa shine dasa tsiro zuwa cikin babban akwati. Minirfafa tsaba ya fi dacewa a cikin akwatin m. Da zaran lavender ta fito da farkon ganye na gaske, suna buƙatar a watsa su cikin tukunyar da zurfi. Zai iya zama daban ko gaba ɗaya (tare da babban tazara tsakanin )an seedlings), amma akwai sarari a kowane yanayi. Wannan saboda kananan-tsiwirwirin hasan tsirara suna da isasshen Tushen ƙarfi, waɗanda ke maƙil a cikin jirgin ruwa don yin shuka.
Abin da kuke buƙata don ƙwaya
Lokacin da aka shuka ƙwayar itaciya masu ƙanshi a cikin ƙasa, har yanzu basu buƙatar sake kafawa, hadi da sauran yanayi masu yawa. Har zuwa yanzu, suna da buƙatu biyu kawai, amma dole ne a bi su:
- Haske Tsarin Lavender yana buƙatar kimanin sa'o'i 10 na haske a rana. Idan yanayin bai yarda da yanayin da za a cika ta ɗabi'a ba, dole ne a sauƙaƙe ƙwayoyin.
Yin allurai
- Zazzabi Don ƙwaya, ya zama dole don tsayar da tsarin zafin jiki da aka ƙayyade a sama.
Umarnin don shuka shuki
Tare da fure irin su lavender, namo Ingilishi a gida yana buƙatar bin wani tsari da ƙa'idodi. Koyaya, tare da sauran nau'in, kowane abu iri ɗaya ne.
Zabin iri
Ana iya karɓan tsaba ko dai a nasu ko a siyan kantin ba. A kowane hali, dole ne su cika wadannan ka'idodi:
- A girbe daga cikakken blolo inflorescences.
- Daidai adana shi a cikin matsakaici matsakaici (ba cikin sanyi ko zafi), a cikin akwati da aka rufe.
- Karka kasance da laima ko ciyawar da ta lalace.
- Lokacin sayen - kar a zama mai arha.
Tsarin iri
Ko da tare da zaɓin da ya dace, ƙwayar lavender ba zai yi tsiro da nasa ba. Yana bukatar gyara. Wannan shine “mai jawo” tsarin kwayar halitta ta hanyar bayyana shi zuwa yanayin zafi mai tsauri. Haka kuma, ana iya aiwatar da shi duka a manyan digiri da ƙarami. Dangane da wannan yanayin kuma, sanyi ne kawai yake gudana.
Kuma akwai fasali daya. Bai isa ba don sanya iri a cikin firiji na mintina - sakamakon sanyi ya kamata ya daɗe.
Menene sassauci?
Ana aiwatar da madaidaici ta hanyoyi guda biyu: na halitta da na wucin gadi. Na farko shine shuka iri nan da nan zuwa cikin kasa bude kafin hunturu.
Don girma Lavender daga tsaba zuwa seedlings a gida, kana bukatar ka san yadda za a stratify tsaba a wucin gadi. Wannan yana nufin cewa ya kamata a adana su a cikin sanyi na akalla wata ɗaya da rabi kafin shuka. Isari yafi kyau. Ana aiwatar da wannan hanyar kamar haka: iri an haɗe shi da yashi ko ƙasa kuma a sanya shi cikin akwati mai kama. Goesaya yana zuwa firiji don akalla makonni 8, a zazzabi kusan +5 ° C. Amma ƙwaya ba zata tsira daskarewa ba.
Stratification na tsaba a cikin firiji
Abinda za'a shuka iri
Baya ga wasu shirye-shirye don shuka, mai lambu yana fuskantar tambayar zabar iya aiki da ƙasa.
Lavender na ƙasa yana buƙatar sako-sako, mai gina jiki. Hanya mafi sauƙi don siye a cikin shagon shine cakuda da aka shirya don seedlings ko duniya don tsirrai na cikin gida. Amma kafin yaduwa ana bada shawara ga allurar shi a cikin tanda.
Thearfin ya kamata yalwatacce, sarari, kuma mara zurfi - ba fiye da zurfin cm ba. Ba zai yi aiki ba don sauƙaƙa rayuwa kuma ya fito da fure a cikin kaset - wannan hanyar ba ta dace da shi ba.
Shuka
Shuka da kanta ya kamata a aiwatar da wadannan matakan-mataki-mataki:
- Jirgin da aka keɓe shine aka shimfiɗa a cikin akwati. Ba za a iya murƙushe shi ba, dole ne ya sake.
- Dole ne a yayyafa ƙasa da ruwa daga kwalban fesa.
- Ana shimfiɗa furanni na fure a ƙasa ba wuya - tare da kunshin 2 cm aƙalla daga juna.
- Daga sama suna buƙatar a rufe su da ƙasa, ma, ɓoye shi daga sama. Topsoil yakamata ya zama 2-3 mm.
- Bayan yin shuka, yana da matukar muhimmanci a yi girki ta hanyar rufe akwati da fim ɗin manne.
Shuka seedlings a cikin ƙasa bude
Shekarar farko daga tsiro daga fure mai kamshi kada kuyi tsammanin furanni kuma, a gaskiya, wari. Za ta yi wannan lokacin a kan samuwar Tushen kuma za ta yi tazara ne kawai shekara mai zuwa. Da farko zafi, da sprouts iya kuma ya kamata a dasa cikin titi. Yadda za a shuka tsire-tsire lavender bisa ga ƙa’idoji:
- Wurin da 'ya'yan' sprouts ɗin ke buƙatar rana, mai dumi.
- Perennial fi son yashi ƙasa lãka.
- Soilasar don lavender dole ne ta kasance tare da takin ma'adinai kafin a shuka.
- Yankunan da ke tsakanin bushes ɗin ya kamata ya zama akalla santimita 30 (mafi kyau duka - duka 40).
- Lavender seedlings kafin dasawa bukatar hardening. Tukwane da shi ya kamata a fitar da foran awanni yayin sati.
Lavender seedlings a kan titi
Shuka tsaba kai tsaye cikin ƙasa
Za a iya girma fure Lilac cikin sauki, ba tare da shirya seedlings ba. Kuna buƙatar sanin yadda ake shuka lavender tare da tsaba.
Lokacin sauka
Don shuka iri don fara girma, dole ne sanyi ya zama ya zuga shi. Don seedlings, dole ne ku kiyaye zuriya a cikin firiji. Lokacin shuka a cikin ƙasa buɗe, ba lallai ne ka wahala da wannan kai tsaye ba - ana aiwatar da shi a cikin kaka, a watan Oktoba, za a yi ɗaukar yanayi ta halitta a cikin hunturu.
Yawa da kuma kayan miya
Bayan wintering lokacin girma, dole ne a ciyar da lavender. Zai fi kyau zaɓar takin mai magani tare da babban abun ciki na potassium, maimakon nitrogen. In ba haka ba, dajin zai shimfiɗa sama, amma zai ba budsan kaɗan.
Duk da haka wannan flora yana buƙatar narkar da ƙasa. Yana buƙatar sake kwance bayan hunturu, kuma ma mulched. Mulching shine halittar wani yanki a saman ƙasa, wanda ke taimakawa danshi don fitar da ƙasa da sauri. Lian ganye mai kyau ya dace da waɗannan dalilai. A ƙarƙashin ainihin tushen lavender, ƙasa ba ta da shuɗi.
Mulching Lavender bushes
Watse
Wannan fure na son ruwa. Dole ne a shayar da shi akai-akai, yana hana ƙasa ta bushewa. Koyaya, saboda mulching ruwa, shuka ba zai buƙaci da yawa. Ruwa, mafi m, ba lallai ba ne don aiwatar yau da kullun.
Matasa shuka kulawa
Shekarar farko na rayuwa a cikin ƙasa, lavender bai kamata a bar shi ya yi fure ba; duk inflorescences an bada shawarar a yanke. Duk saboda a wannan lokacin tushen flora ya kamata ya yi ƙarfi, dole ne ya daidaita a sabon wuri.
Ana shirin hunturu
Turanci lavender zai iya tsayayya da sanyi zuwa ƙasa -25-30 ° С. Amma ba tare da ƙarin tsari ba, fure bazai iya rayuwa irin wannan yanayin zafi ba.
Da farko, kuna buƙatar datsa daji. Youngaya kawai matasa 4 harbe aka bar a kai, sauran aka yanke.
Abu na biyu, tun kafin sanyi na farko, daji yana buƙatar a rufe shi da lapnik. Ba za a iya amfani da ɗanɗanar ganye ba - akwai damar dama mai kyau. Za'a iya rufe ganyayyaki. Lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta fari ta faɗi, ana bada shawara don zafi shi daban tare da m Layer akan mafaka masu tsari. Saboda haka shuka zai sami damar da zai tsira daga hunturu lafiya.
Dankali Lavender Kulawa
Hakanan za'a iya girma wannan fure kamar lambun fure. Haɓaka lavender daga tsaba a cikin wannan yanayin zai kasance daidai da yadda ake yi don shuka. A nan gaba, za a sami specialan abubuwa na musamman don kulawar fure:
- Itaciya mai kamshi a cikin gida zata jure bushewar ƙasa sama da sauƙin zafi fiye da gumi mai yawa.
- Za'a sami sauƙin share ɗakin da ke da lavender. A cikin hunturu, yakamata ku dauki fure zuwa wani ɗaki. Kusar sanyi za ta kashe shi.
- A kasan tukunya, dole ne a ƙirƙiri wani ƙaramin magudanar shara da aka fadada.
- Itace gida tana buƙatar awoyi na hasken rana na sa'o'i 6-8. Zai fi kyau sanya tukwane da shi a gefen hasken rana. A cikin hunturu, zaku buƙaci ƙarin haske tare da fitila ta musamman.
Lavender tukunya a gida
Gabaɗaya, lavender shine tsire mai ban sha'awa. Idan duk yanayin zama dole ne ya sadu, da tsaba za su faranta rai da sauri seedlings, da waɗanda ke tare da lokaci - lush bushes. Ba da daɗewa ba, wani daji mai fure mai ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa zai yi ado ta mazaunin gida ko gida.
