A cikin ɗakuna masu fili a cikin bishiyoyi na cikin gida suna da ban mamaki. Girman su da kuma kyakkyawan yanayinsu bazai bar kowane bako ba. Dwarf bishiyoyi (bonsai) ba su da kyau da kyan gani a cikin gidaje.
Itace gida a ciki
Tsire-tsire na cikin gida suna ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan ƙira wanda zai ba ku damar ƙirƙirar yanayin gida mai kyau a cikin ɗaki ko gidan. Sun dace daidai da kowane ciki kuma suna iya haɗu da shi kuma ya zama babban mahimmin abu.
Yawancin bishiyoyi na gidaje a cikin tukwane ko kuma tubuna sama da 1 mita sun tabbatar da kansu da kyau.
Ana amfani dasu don yin ado ba kawai wuraren zama ba, har ma ofisoshi, shagunan shagunan, shagunan, har ila yau ana girma a cikin gidajen kora da lambun bazara.
Itaciyar kayan ado na gida
Lokacin sanya sabbin tsire-tsire, ana bada shawara don zaɓar wuri a gare su nan da nan a cikin gidan, don kada a motsa tukunyar fure daga baya. Dole ne a basu kariya daga zayyanawa da hasken rana kai tsaye. Hakanan, don haɓakar al'ada na shuka, wurin ya zama mai haske mai haske.
Bishiyoyi da suka girma a gida suna warware matsalolin:
- su, kamar tsire-tsire na yau da kullun, suna fitar da oxygen da kuma shan carbon dioxide;
- da yawa daga cikinsu suna fitowar iska, ta hakan kewaya iska;
- da kyau sosai don ƙaddamar da sararin manyan ɗakuna;
- iska a cikin dakin yana warin iska da danshi daga danshi daga ganyen.
- yi ado da matsala, daga yanayin ƙira, bangarori a cikin ɗakin.
Samun bishiyoyi na cikin gida da yawa, zaku iya yin simintin daji a cikin gidan Moscow.
-Anananan bishiyoyi a cikin tukwane
Wani sanannen zaɓin don girma bishiyoyi na cikin gida shine bonsai, ko ƙaramin itace yana girma cikin ƙarancin ƙarfi. Hakanan ana kiranta ma'adanin girma.
Yawancin lokaci shuka shine ainihin ainihin itacen da yake girma a cikin yanayin halitta. Fasahar girma bonsai ta samo asali ne daga kasar Sin kafin zamaninmu. ,Ari, wannan dabarar an kammala ta a Japan.
Itace Bonsai
Don bishiyoyi masu bonsai tare da ƙananan ganye sun dace kuma sabbin rassan da sauri suna girma bayan forming pruning. A halin yanzu, kusan nau'ikan bishiyoyi 400 suna girma a cikin wannan salo. Guda bonsai da kuma qagaggun daga da yawa shuke-shuke da kyau. Tsawon bonsai ya bambanta daga 20 zuwa 100 cm.
Don ba da siffar da ake so ga rassan, yi amfani da waya. Tare da taimakonsa, ɗaure rassan kuma ka tambaye su al theamarin girma. Bayan rassan sun haddace wannan sabon matsayin, ana cire waya.
Itatattun bishiyoyi na gida
Saboda yawan tafiyar rayuwa, da yawa daga cikin masu gida suna zavar tsire-tsire da ba sa bukatar kulawa ta musamman.
Yawancin bishiyoyi marasa kwalliya don girma a gida sune:
- citta;
- ficuses;
- dabino
- kofi
- laurel;
- gurasa;
- kwalba da sauran bishiyoyi da tsirrai na bishiyoyi.
Kwalban bishiyar nolin
Itace ta samu sunan ta saboda irin yadda ake yin ganga da kwalban. Bugu da kari, shi kuma ana kiranta qafar giwa.
Nolina, ko Bocarney
Tsire-tsire na gida shine kudancin Amurka da arewacin Mexico. A wa annan wuraren, ba a cika samun ruwan sama ba. Saboda haka, wannan nau'in gangar jikin yana ba danshi damar tarawa kuma itaciyar ta tsira lokacin fari. A lokacin ruwan sama, lokacin farin ciki, ko kiba, yana ƙaruwa. A kan aiwatar da ɗaukar ajiyar ruwa na sifili, an rage caudex a girma, kuma ɓawon burodi da ke ƙasa an ɗaure.
Wani kambi mai yawa ya ƙunshi ganye mai kauri da kauri. Saboda wannan, fitar ruwa a zahiri ba faruwa. Bugu da kari, kambi ya rufe fitsarin don haka yana cire ganyen shaye shaye.
Tushen bokarney na sama ne, wanda aka saba da shi zuwa ƙasa mai dutse tare da rayayyiyar ƙasa mai laushi. Saboda haka, tukunya mai fadi da mara nauyi ya dace da aikinta.
Jirgin yana da ƙarfi sosai, yana da wahala lalata dabbobi da yara. Dandanawa masu noman furanni suna godiya da nolina, da kuma masu farawa waɗanda suke son haɓaka sabon abu.
Iri nolins na cikin gida
A cikin yanayi, akwai nau'ikan bokarneya kusan 30. Koyaya, a cikin floriculture na cikin gida kawai ana yin burodin sito mai hatsi. A karkashin yanayin rayuwa, ya kai girman 10 m; a cikin ɗakuna yana girma zuwa 1.5 m.
Bokarneya ya lanƙwasa
Kulawar bishiyar kwalba mai sauki ne. Babban abu shine bin shawarwarin asali.
Yanayin Watering
A cikin bazara da bazara, itaciyar kwalba na cikin gida tana shayar da ruwa sosai. Don yin wannan, ana bada shawara don amfani da hanyar nutsar da tukunyar fure a cikin akwati na ruwa. Ruwa yana gamawa lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe. Bayan wannan, dole ne a kyale ruwa fiye da kima.
Tsakanin shayar da ƙasa a cikin tukunyar filawa yakamata ya bushe. Yawancin lokaci ana yin su sau 1 a mako.
A cikin yanayi mai zafi, kulawar gida ga itacen kwalban maraice sun haɗa da safiya da maraice. Haka nan ma wajibi ne don goge ganyen sa tare da zane mai laushi don cire ƙura.
Idan shuka bai shirya lokacin sanyi ba a lokacin hunturu, to shima an shirya ruwa a wannan lokacin na shekara.
Manyan miya
Bokarneya a cikin yanayin halitta yana tsiro akan ƙasa mara kyau, don haka ba ya buƙatar abinci na musamman. Idan ya cancanta, zaku iya takin itacen tare da takin ma'adinai na ruwa. Za'ayi sutura sama da 1 ba cikin makonni 2-3 ba. Ana iya maye gurbinsu da kwayoyin. Don nolin, nemi rabin kashi na takin mai ma'adinai daga wanda aka ba da shawarar a cikin umarnin.
Ana amfani da takin mai magani bayan ko lokacin ban ruwa.
Kulawar Fitsari
Furen furannin Nolin suna launuka masu tsami kuma an tattara su a cikin panicles. Koyaya, a ƙarƙashin yanayi na cikin gida, mai ban tsoro ba ya yin fure.
Mai kulawa mara kyau
A cikin hunturu, nolin shirya lokacin hutawa. Ana kiyaye zafin jiki a + 10 ° C. A karkashin yanayi na halitta, nolin a hankali yana haƙuri da ƙananan yanayin zafi.
Idan shuka yana cikin lokacin hutawa, to, ba ya buƙatar shayarwa. Nolina zai sami isasshen danshi da aka adana a cikin caudex.
Hankali! Bokarneya yana haƙuri da fari fiye da yadda aka yi watsi da ruwa ba.
Watering itacen wajibi ne kawai idan gangar jikin da ke ƙasa tana wrinkled.
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
A lokacin kaka, sannu a hankali ana rage zafin jiki zuwa + 10 ° C. Hakanan a hankali kara tsangwama tsakanin ruwa. Tabbatar a daina ciyar da nitrogen a wannan lokacin.
Laurel
Wata itaciya mai kama da gida don gidan shine kyakkyawan laurel. A vivo yana tsiro a cikin ƙasashen Bahar Rum, inda ya kai tsayin mita 12. Laurel yana rayuwa kusan shekara 300 ko fiye.
Ana amfani da ganye a dafa abinci. Ana amfani da mahimman laurel a magani da ƙamshin turare. Itacen ana ganin wata alama ce ta rashin mutuwa da iko. Haƙiƙa mai ban sha'awa ita ce cewa, zakarun, mawaƙa da kuma masu nasara a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe an rawanta su da takalmin laurel.
Kamar shuka na gida
Laurel kamar yadda za a iya yin fure a cikin gida kamar yadda itace kuma kamar ciyawa. Abu ne mai sauki mu kula da shi.
Laurel Gida
Don laurel ya inganta a koyaushe, ana jujjuya shi sau ɗaya sau biyu zuwa uku. An ɗauki itacen mafi girma (2-3 cm a diamita) tukunya. Soilasa mai haske ya dace da shuka. A lokacin karami, ana yin safarar laurel a kowace shekara, a cikin wani balagagge - lokaci 1 cikin shekaru 3 ko 4.
Cututtuka suna harba itace da wuya. Wannan ya faru ne sabili da take hakkin al'adun noma. A gida, ya yi girma na tsawon shekaru 15, kuma ya kai girman rabin m. Ana yin ta ne ta hanyar ƙwaya, tsaba da girɓa.
Yanayin Watering
Don kyakkyawan kula da laure a gida, kuna buƙatar bin tsarin shayarwa. A cikin lokacin rani ana shayar da shi sau 1-2 a rana, ya danganta da bushewar iska da yawan zafin jiki a cikin ɗakin.
Watering ya kamata yalwatacce, amma ba za ku iya cika fure. Wannan na iya haifar da cuta daga tushen tsarin. Sabili da haka, an shirya magudanar ruwa mai kyau a cikin tukunya.
Itace tana jure wa fari lokaci-lokaci. Ana gudanar da ruwa tare da ruwa mai laushi da dumi.
Dankin yana son iska mai laushi, don haka a kwanakin zafi zafi spraying kambi daga SPRAY aka nuna tare da dumi, ruwa zauna har zuwa 2 sau a rana.
Manyan miya
A lokacin girma, da wuya ake ciyar da laurel. Yawancin lokaci ciyar 1 ciyar wata daya tare da hadaddun ma'adinai ma'adinai.
Hankali! Ciyar da kullun ana yin sa ne kawai bayan an sha ruwa. Wannan ya zama dole don hana ƙonewa ga tushen tsarin shuka.
Kulawar Fitsari
Furanni Laurel ƙanana ne, rawaya. Koyaya, itaciyar itace a lokacin da take girma a cikin iska, kuma ba a ɗaka ba.
Don ci gaba mai kyau, inji yana buƙatar rarraba hasken wuta. Laurel na iya ci gaba a cikin inuwa, amma yana tsoron hasken rana kai tsaye.
Laurel fure
Yana girma sosai a cikin bazara da bazara a yanayin zafi daga 20 ° C zuwa 26 ° C. Saboda haka shuka ba ya ji rauni, wurin da tukunyar tukunyar filawa take dole ne a kiyaye shi daga zane-zane. A lokacin rani yana da kyau a ɗauke shi zuwa iska mai kyau: zuwa baranda ko kuma gonar.
Mai kulawa mara kyau
Sauran lokacin yana farawa a watan Oktoba kuma ya ƙare a watan Maris. Don shakata da tsire-tsire, ya zama dole don saita zafin jiki a cikin dakin daga 12 ° C zuwa 15 ° C. Itace na iya jure wa gajeran lokaci bayyanar daskarewa.
Watering da shuka wuya. Babban abin a wannan lokacin shi ne hana kasa bushewa. Top miya a cikin hunturu ba a za'ayi.
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
Don shuka ya shiga lokacin da ba tare da damuwa ba, a hankali an rage ruwa sosai a girma da mita. A watan Nuwamba, ana gudanar da girki mai tsafta.
Dakin Juniper
Juniper (Juniperus) ya kasance daga tsire-tsire na dangin Cypress. Wannan bishiyar koren itace ko wacce aka baza itace daga Arctic zuwa yankuna tsaunuka tare da yanayin dumin yanayi. Daga gare ta, masters suna ƙirƙirar kyawawan kayan katako, tsire-tsire galibi masu zanen ƙasa suna amfani da su don yin gadaje na fure da shinge.
Juniper a cikin shimfidar wuri mai faɗi
A gida, Sinanci da junipers sun fi girma girma.
A cikin ɗakin, juniper na cikin gida yana tsabtace iska na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, shine phytoncide na halitta, kuma yana ƙarfafa tsarin jijiyoyi da rigakafi.
Yaduwa ta hanyar yankewa, yanka, alurar rigakafi da hatsi ko tsaba waɗanda suke cikin itacen cones (cones). Hanyar da ta fi dacewa ita ce kiwo ta amfani da yanke da goge.
A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, tsayin juniper na iya kaiwa zuwa mita 30. Ba a rashin lafiya kuma ba kwari ya lalata shi.
Wasu nau'ikan suna da madaidaiciya, sabili da haka, idan kuna kula da su, kuna buƙatar kare hannayenku. Tsammani rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 600.
Juniper yana ba da kansa da kyau wajen yin gashi. Bonsai ya girma daga gare ta.
Juniper Bonsai
Yana da mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar yanayi masu dacewa don juniper na cikin gida. Wadannan tsire-tsire masu hoto ne masu ban sha'awa, saboda haka an zaɓi wurin da ke da tsabta don tukunyar filawa. Yana da kyawawa cewa a wannan wurin zai iya yiwuwa don shirya watsawar iska mai kyau.
Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin tanki, za a shirya magudanar ruwa na tubalin da aka tsakuro ko kuma tsakuwa mai sikelin matsakaici.
Uniperus na iya girma a cikin kasa mai ɗorawa, amma tana ci gaba mai kyau akan substrates haske. Peat, yashi da ciyawar ƙasa suna gauraye don ƙasa.
Yanayin Watering
Itace yana buƙatar matsakaiciyar watering don girma. A cikin lokacin zafi, ana shayar da Uniperus sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 2-3, gwargwadon lokacin bushewar ƙasa.
Hankali! Juniper baya jure yanayin ruwa.
Idan bazara tayi zafi, to sai a fesa tare da dumin ruwa mai sanyin tsaye.
Manyan miya
A cikin lokacin girma, ana ciyar da itaciyar da ƙwayoyin ma'adinai a kowane mako biyu. Narkar da takin zamani a cikin ruwa domin ban ruwa.
Kulawar Fitsari
Iska mai zafi tana cutarwa a gare shi, don haka ya fi kyau a kula da zazzabi na + 20-25 ° C a cikin ɗakin. Ba da shawarar sanya shuka kusa da baturin dumama.
Don al'ada na cigaban juniper, yana da mahimmanci don tsara isasshen hasken wuta. Wajibi ne a ware hasken rana kai tsaye akan kambi.
Mai kulawa mara kyau
A wannan lokacin, iska a cikin dakin ya zama mai sanyi. Ana kiyaye zafin jiki a + 12 ° C. Kar a rufe juniper na cikin gida. Za'a iya shirya shuka na hunturu akan loggia.
A cikin hunturu, shuka ya sami isasshen haske, don haka sanya shi cikin ɗakuna duhu ba da shawarar ba.
Watering da kai miya a cikin hunturu ba su za'ayi. Idan shuka yana kunshe a cikin ɗakin, to a wannan yanayin ana shayar da juniper kawai lokacin da laka ta bushe. Don bincika bushewar ƙasa, sai a sanya sandar katako a ciki. Idan kawai saman saman duniya ya bushe, to, ba a zartar da ruwa ba.
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
A cikin kaka, an rage kayan miya kuma ana aiwatar da su sau 1 a mako. Tun watan Nuwamba, ba a shuka juniper.
Idan itacen yana kan baranda ko a gonar, to, zazzabi da kanta a zahiri ya ragu, yana shirya shuka don hunturu. Idan uniperus yana cikin dakin, to a wannan yanayin ma zazzabi dole ne a hankali a hankali. Wannan zai hana damuwa yayin canzawar shuka zuwa yanayin tsarewa tare da ƙananan zazzabi.
Itace cikin gida a ciki
Itacen cikin gida yana da sauƙin girma. Zasu kara haske a ciki na kowane gida.
