Daya daga cikin mafi yawan wakilan flora, kusan a ko'ina cikin duniya shine willow Tristis.
Mutane sun kara da cewa sunansa yana da fari, azurfa, kuka. Saboda sauki, Willow yana da tushe kuma yana girma a kusan kowane yanayi. Wannan hujja ta haifar da gaskiyar cewa itacen yana da alamar alamar arziki, wanda ya danganta da labarin da yawa, labaru da al'adu.
Willow yana shahararren magani da zane-zane.
Har ila yau an san itacen a ƙarƙashin sunayen willow, belotal, molokitnik, rakita, tal, willow, goat mai laushi, bredina, vetla. Hanyoyin da dama sukan haifar da tambayoyi game da abin da yake. Ka yi la'akari da manyan siffofin da namo farin sanyi.
White Willow
Willow mai farin yana da tsawo (20-30 m), wani wakilcin itace mai suna Willow iyali. Ƙungiyar tsirrai na shuka tana kama da babban ɗaki. Jirgin na vetla zai iya kai har zuwa m 3 mita, an rufe ta da launin toka, tare da zurfi.
Willow iyali sun hada da irin wannan willow: kuka, m, goat, dwarf, spherical da leaf-leaf.
Willow ya bambanta da sauran bishiyoyi ta hanyar karkatar da hanyoyi, rassan-kore ko ja-launin ruwan kasa da launi, wanda ya ba shi girma da kuma kayan ado na musamman. 
A cikin daji, akwai kimanin nau'i na willow 600, amma a cikin yanayin yanayin mu kusan 100 ne.
Shin kuna sani? Akwai labari a tsakanin mutane cewa willow yana da ikon samar da rassa 700. A wannan yanayin, an dauke itacen ne alama ce mai yawa. Bugu da ƙari, willow alama ce mai kyau, mace mai aure, kyakkyawan yarinya, bakin ciki, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. Ita ce rassan labaran da ke tsarkake a cikin cocin a ranar Lahadin Lahadi, ba da willow tare da ikon sihiri don kare mutum daga dukan miyagun abubuwa.
Willow maraice a cikin marigayi Afrilu ko farkon Mayu. Ana samo furanni masu launin rawaya-kore a cikin ƙananan nau'in, kamar su 'yan kunne. A cikin mutanen willow inflorescences ake kira "Cats". A wani bangare, jinsin jima'i daban-daban sunyi fure: namiji suna da matuka biyu, mata suna da pistil tare da babba. 
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari, a cikin nau'i na kwalaye da tsaba, an kafa su a kan' '' '' '' '' '' '. Ruwa tana fitar da tsaba masu girma zuwa wata babbar ƙasa, wanda ke taimakawa wajen fadada bishiyar. Idan tsaba sun fada a cikin ruwa, zasu iya kasancewa mai yiwuwa har tsawon shekaru, a cikin sararin samaniya suna iya germination kawai dan lokaci.
Duk tsawon rayuwar vetla na azurfa shine kimanin shekaru 100. A cikin shekara guda, itacen zai iya girma zuwa 100 cm a tsawo kuma 50 cm a nisa.
Dole ne a biya hankali mai kyau ga bayanin willow ganye. Suna da lalacewa, ragusa da tsawo, ƙananan ɓangaren kowane ganye an rufe shi da ƙananan grayish fluff (saboda haka azurfa). Wannan yanayin yana bada willow wasu 'yan mata da tausayi. Idan yanayi a cikin yadi ba shi da tushe, itace mai laushi ya dubi kore, kuma lokacin da iska ta tashi, rassan yana fara motsawa, ya juya gefensa zuwa sama, itacen ya zama fari.
Shin kuna sani? A kasan bishiyoyin alkama na azurfa sukan nuna ruwa. Mutane suna cewa wadannan willow hawaye ne. Wannan hujja tana da bayanin kimiyya. Gaskiyar ita ce, itace mafi yawancin tsiro ne a kusa da jikin ruwa, kuma asalinsa sun sha ruwan sha, wanda ba shi da lokacin kuma ba zai iya kwashe ta hanya ta hanya ba, saboda iska kusa da jikin ruwa ya riga ya yi sanyi. Don kaucewa yawan adadin ruwan da ake amfani dashi a jikin tushen, tsire-tsire ta sake fitar da droplets ta hanyar foliage.
Vetla yana da karfi da ingantaccen tsarin tsarin. Ya kamata a lura cewa matakin ci gaba da zurfafawa daga tushensu ya dogara ne akan yanayin da ake ciki a cikin ruwa: mafi kusa da ruwa, ƙananan samfurori sun ci gaba. Tushen willows, girma a wurare masu tsabta, na iya sauka da 2-3 m. 
Yanayin girma
Duk da cewa farin willow ne (tsaunata) itace itace marar lahani da rashin lalata, dole ne a lura da wasu matakai a lokacin dasa. Hanya mafi kyau don ƙirƙirar wannan kyakkyawa mai kyau, mai haske da koshin lafiya zai duba.
Yanayi da haske
Willow wata alama ne mai haske da mai dadi na flora. Wajibi ne a yi la'akari da wadannan dalilai lokacin zabar wurin dasawa.
Zai fi dacewa don zaɓar wuraren da ke yankin. Daidai - ƙasar kusa da kandami, tafkin ko wasu tafki. Irin wannan wuri shine tabbacin cewa itace ba zai taba sha wahala ba saboda rashin rashin ruwa. 
Yana da muhimmanci! White willow tsayayya da ambaliyar ruwa da ba sa sa wani kandami. Amma itacen zai mutu a cikin fari. Dole ne a rarrabe wurin zama ta hanyar haske. Yankuna mafi kyau ko kuma m inuwa. A cikin inuwa Willow ba ya girma.
Shuka ƙasa
Ga irin ƙasa willow kullum unpretentious. Itacen ya ba da fifiko ga ƙaddarar haske da matsakaici. Willow ke tsiro a hankali a kan yashi, faduwa kuma ba gonaki masu kyau.
Tsarin dokoki
Farawa na dasa willow, yana da daraja la'akari da irin tushen tsarin. Don dasa shuki Willow, tushen tsarin wanda aka rufe, ya dace kowane lokaci - daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba. Tsire-tsire tare da tushen tushen tushen mafi kyau shuka a farkon lokacin bazara, kafin toho, ko a ƙarshen kaka, bayan ganye sun fadi.
Shirin saukowa kanta ya ƙunshi matakai masu zuwa:
- Gwada rami don dasawa, diamita na wajibi ne ga shuki mai tsayi 50 cm, bishiyoyi masu tsayi 60 cm A zurfin rami na shuka ga jinsuna guda 40 ne. An sanya sapling mai ganye tare da tsarin tushen rufaffi a cikin rami wanda girmansa yake daidai da haɗin duniya.
- Idan ƙasa ta yi nauyi, dole ne a fara yashi na kasa ko kasa (20-30 cm) don samar da malalewa.
- Don dasa bishiyoyi na willow sapling an shirya wani matsakaici daga peat, takin, ƙasa a daidai wannan siffar, an kara azophosh a cikinta (200 g na daya shuka). Ɗaya daga cikin uku na rami mai rami ya cika da wannan matashi kuma an sanya sapling a cikinta.
- Bayan haka, rami ya cika, kuma ƙasa tana kewaye da ita, yana sanya karamin damuwa don watering.
- Bayan kammala aikin, kana buƙatar zuba buckets biyu na ruwa a kan ƙasa.
- Kyakkyawan tsirrai yana daura da cala wanda aka manta kafin ya karya, kuma an kulle shi a matsayin matsayi.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ba lallai ba ne don dasa nau'in willow da ke cikin zafi a cikin kaka, saboda basu da lokaci don samun karfi ta farkon sanyi, kuma zasu mutu a lokacin sanyi.
Yadda za'a kula da itace
Willowin azurfa yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman kawai a lokacin daidaitawa zuwa sabon wurin zama. Duk da cewa shuka ba shi da kyau, kada ka manta da shi a cikin shekaru masu zuwa na rayuwa:
- Babban tsarin kula da wutlow da aka dasa a kwanan nan shine watering, saboda itace yana jin dadi sosai. Dole a yi ruwa a sapling sau ɗaya a mako a farkon ko da maraice. Don ƙungiyar tsarin ta amfani da 2-5 buckets na ruwa. Har ila yau, itace yana buƙatar rubutun.
- Willows fararen fata suna buƙatar sassauta ƙasa zuwa zurfin bayonet spade.
- Domin itacen ya yi girma da kyau, dole ne a gudanar da yaduwar ƙasa tare da peat, wanda ya kamata ya zama ma'aunin kashi 5-7 cm.
- Don kafawar kambi na ado, vetlets yi "gashi" na dogon harbe da kuma rassan rassan rassan.
- Idan ka lura da rashin ƙarfi na shuka, yana bukatar ciyarwa. A matsayin taki, nitroammophoska (60-80 g / shuka) yafi dacewa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Don ƙirƙirar sakamako mai banƙyama, za a iya kafa kambi na vetla a cikin shinge a matsayin bincike, ball ko ma a madaidaiciya.
Cututtuka da kwari da farin Willow
Willowin azurfa itace itace mara kyau, amma wannan baya nufin cewa dole ne a manta da dokokin kulawa da ita. Bugu da kari, dole ne a kiyaye iska daga cututtuka da kwari, kula da lafiyarta kullum.
Mafi muhimmanci kwari da ke haɗu da wata willow suna da willowworm, flower fure da aphid.
Caterpillars asu gnaw ganye willows kuma hana itacen na ado roko. Rashin gwagwarmayar irin wannan annoba shine lalata hannaye, larvae da kwari masu kwari.
A farkon spring, Willow yana iya kaiwa ga hare-haren furen fure. Don magance wannan kwaro, ana yadu itace tare da Karbofos, Kinmiks ko Decis.
Don kauce wa aphids, wanda ya yi amfani da juices daga tsire, na yi amfani da kwari, musamman, "Fufanon", "Karbofos", "Aktellik", "Akarin".
Babban cututtuka na farin willow ne powdery mildew, scab, tsatsa, wanda zai kai ga necrosis na ganye Kwayoyin da matasa harbe. Cire irin wannan baƙi wanda ba a taɓa ba shi ba ("Fundazol", "Raek", "Topsin", "Topaz", "Fundazim").
Spheres na aikace-aikace
An rarrabe wutsiya ba kawai ta bambancin jinsi ba, amma ta hanyar wadatar da amfani.
Tun daga zamanin d ¯ a, an yi amfani da rassansa a kwandon kwandon, abincin kamala yana da kyau, wanda za'a iya gano a zamaninmu. Irin wannan shahararren ne saboda ƙananan sassaucin rassa. Daga willow saƙa kwanduna, kujeru, fences da wasu abubuwa. Fiji don haushi ya zama fiber don laces, igiyoyi, burlap. 
Hawan dabino shine sanannun ƙwayoyi. Magunguna daga murmushi da ake amfani da shi don amfani da sanyi, fure, da kuma matsawa daga irin wannan ƙananan ƙananan zazzaɓi zazzabi. Bugu da ƙari, an sanya kayan ado daga bakin haushi, wanda ya kamata ya wanke kuma ya warkar da raunuka, konewa, sores da sauran raunuka. 
Shin kuna sani? Salicylic acid, wanda sunansa ya fito ne daga kalmar kalmar Latin, wanda ake nufi da willow, an fitar da shi daga murya a cikin karni na 20.
Daya daga cikin dalilai na willow shine don taimakawa masu zane-zane su ƙirƙira kayayyaki masu ban mamaki. Willow wani nau'i ne mai mahimmanci a shimfidar wuri na wuraren shakatawa na gari, kayan ado na gine-ginen zafi da gonaki. Abin ado na kayan ado ba tare da dadi ba ne mai shinge. 
Da farko kallo, willow ne mai ban sha'awa inji. Mun yi amfani da gaskiyar cewa itacen yana tsiro ne a kusan kowane mataki kuma sau da yawa ba ya kula da fifita mata da darajarta. Amma, duk da wannan hali, willow yana ba mutum ba kawai jin dadi ba, amma ta'aziyya (idan abu ne na yin kayan ado) da kuma lafiyar jiki, yana da tambaya game da kayan magani na vetla.
Ganin cewa dasa shuki da kula da bishiya ba ya buƙata mai yawa aiki da lokaci, irin wannan tsire-tsire yana da nasaba da kayan ado na kayan lambu da wuraren shakatawa.
