Washingtonia

Washingtonia (Washingtonia) - wani nau'in halittar tsattsauran tsintsiya daga dangin Palm (Arecaceae). Wurin haifuwa na Washington shine tushen Amurka da Mexico.

A bayyanar, shuka itaciyar dabino ce. An rarraba ganyayyaki zuwa kashi da yawa waɗanda ke rarrabe daga gindin farantin.

A ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi, diamita na ganye na dabino ya kai 1.5 m ko fiye, tsawon tsintsin ya kai m 30. Lokacin da aka ajiye shi a cikin akwati, Washington yana girma zuwa 1.5-4 m. Matsakaicin girma shine matsakaici. Tsammani na rayuwa don haɓakar cikin gida ya kai shekaru 10 ko fiye.

A gida, itaciyar da wuya tayi fure, a cikin fure na asali na shekaru 10-15 na rayuwa. Inflorescences sune dogon panicles.

Hakanan kula da sauran dabino na Yucca da Fortune trachicarpus.

M kaddarorin Washington

Godiya ga babban yankin ganye, Washington tana shayar da iska sosai. Girma kamar tsire-tsire mai kayan ado. Ba a taɓa samun dabino mai ƙyalli ba a al'adun ɗabi'a saboda girman girman sa. Ana amfani dashi don ɗakunan wurare masu fili, ofisoshi, babban ɗakunan asibitoci da otal-otal, da dai sauransu. Taimaka ƙirƙirar yanayi mai gamsarwa, mai daɗin daɗi.

Siffofin kulawar gida. A takaice

A taƙaice la'akari da ainihin abubuwan buƙatun don haɓaka Washington a gida:

Kulawar gida don wanka: cikakkun bayanai

Don namo ya yi nasara, ya wajaba a bi wasu buƙatu. Kamar sauran dabino, Washington a gida tana buƙatar sanyi lokacin sanyi da iska mai laushi.

Gudun ruwa

A gida, ko da a cikin yanayi mai kyau, dabino na farin jinin Washington yana da wuya sosai. A cikin yanayi, inflorescences an kafa su a kan shuka - tsawon cobs exuding mai ƙarfi ƙanshi.

Flow yana faruwa a bakin Tekun Bahar Maliya a watan Yuni, kuma 'ya'yan itace sun fashe a watan Nuwamba.

Yanayin Zazzabi

A cikin hunturu da bazara, suna kula da yanayin zafi daban-daban. Mafi kyawun aikin: bazara 22-25 ^{game da}Ba tare da dumama mai zafi ba, a cikin hunturu - ba ƙasa da 12 ^{game da}C. A lokacin rani, ana fitar da shuka zuwa ga baranda a buɗe ko kuma gonar. Home Washington ya kamata a kiyaye shi daga daskararren sanyi da sanyi.

Ban sha'awa! Itace mai girma wanda ya girma akan titi zai iya tsayayya da yanayin zuwa ƙasa -5-6 ^{game da}C.

A cikin yanayin Rasha, Washington a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa ta tsiro akan tekun Bahar Maliya (Sochi). Amma ko da can don hunturu tana buƙatar tsari.

Fesa

Washington tana buƙatar iska mai laushi. Saboda haka, dole ne a fesa kullun da ruwa mai ɗumi. Zai fi kyau a yi wannan da safe, saboda duk digo su bushe kafin maraice. Wasu lokuta tsofaffin ganye sukan goge su da ruwan lemo. A cikin daki mai zafi, an saka akwati tare da shuka a nesa daga batir.

Shawara! Kuna iya haɓaka iska mai kusa da shuka idan kuka sanya tukunya da itacen dabino a cikin tire tare da yumɓu da aka faɗa. Wani zabin shine a ajiye akwati na ruwa kusa da Washington.

Haske

Kuskure ne ka yi la’akari da Washington a matsayin mai son rana mai zafi. Tana buƙatar hasken haske mai haske ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye ba. Penumbra ya halatta. Don tabbatar da irin wannan yanayi, ya isa a kiyaye dabino a nesa na 1.2-1.5 m daga hasken rana ko kusa da taga ko yamma.

Shawara! Idan a cikin hunturu babu isasshen hasken rana, kuna buƙatar samar da shuka tare da fitilar wucin gadi.

Watse

Washington ana shayar da ruwa sosai, amma shekara-shekara. A lokacin rani da bazara mai yawa isa, kiyaye kasar gona dan kadan m duk tsawon lokacin. A cikin hunturu, rage ruwa: bayan bushewa na saman ƙasa ƙasa zuwa zurfin 1 cm, jira wani kwanaki 1-2. Tsarin shayarwa a lokacin sanyi lokacin sanyi yana raguwa sau 1-3 a wata.

Dabino ba ya yarda da stagnation ruwa a asalin sa. Sabili da haka, ambaliya zai iya haifar da lalata lalata tushen tsarin da mutuwar shuka. Excessarin danshi yana da haɗari musamman a cikin hunturu mai sanyi, lokacin da yawan kuzarin tushen ya ragu.

Wiwi na wanketon

Washingtonia Babu buƙatun musamman na tukunya. Zaɓuɓɓukan zaɓi sune daidaitattun. Girman tukunyar yakamata ta dace da tsarin tushen tsiro: lokacin dasa shuki tsakanin dunƙule na dunƙule tare da tushen da ganuwar tukunya, ya kamata 1.5-2 cm. Lokacin da ake girma dabino daga tsaba, ana ɗaukar tukunya ta farko don ƙaramin tsiro tare da diamita na 6-9 cm, a hankali yana ƙaruwa da girmansa tare da kowane dasawa.

Zaɓin tsakanin filastik da kwandon yumbu ya dogara ne akan abubuwan da aka zaɓa na maƙiyin. Abinda kawai ake buƙata shine Washington tana buƙatar kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa, saboda haka tukunyar dole ne ta sami rami a ƙasa don cire danshi mai laima.

Ban sha'awa! Tsire-tsire a cikin tukwane na yumbu na buƙatar ƙarin maimaitawa fiye da tsire-tsire a filastik. Lokacin canza tukunyar filastik zuwa kula da tukwane na Washington a gida yakamata a daidaita.

Kasar

An zaɓi ƙasa domin ya wuce ruwa da iska zuwa tushen sa. Mafi kyawun ƙasa na musamman don itatuwan dabino daga masana'anta wanda aka yarda da shi. Hakanan zaka iya yin ƙasa da kanka. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar turf, ganye da humus ƙasa, yashi a cikin rabo na 4: 2: 2: 1. Don kwance ƙasa, an ƙara perlite ko vermiculite a ciki.

Taki da taki

Ana buƙatar suturar kai ta yau da kullun don ingantaccen ci gaban Washington, kamar yadda abubuwan gina jiki a cikin ƙasa ke raguwa akan lokaci. Ciyar da damuna a cikin bazara don faɗuwa, wato, lokacin haɓaka girma. A cikin hunturu, kada ku ciyar. Yi amfani da takaddun ma'adinai mai rikitarwa don dabino. Idan babu irin waɗannan mutane a cikin shagon, zaku iya ɗaukar taki na duniya don tsire-tsire na ornamental da tsire-tsire masu ƙwari.

Matsayi da mita na aikace-aikacen ya dogara da takamammen samfurin kuma masana'anta sun nuna akan kunshin tare da takin. Yawancin lokaci ya isa ciyar da dabino kowane ranakun 10-14 na ruwa.

Mahimmanci! Ciyar da takin gargajiya da kuma suturar miya ba tare da an sha ruwa ba suna iya ƙona Tushen kuma su lalata shuka.

Canjin Washington

Kamar kowane itatuwan dabino, Washington tana matukar kulawa da turawa, saboda haka suna buƙatar aiwatar da su kawai idan mahimmin abu ne. Shekarun 5 na farko na rayuwa, ana dasa shuka a kowace shekara 1-2 zuwa tukunya mafi girma.

Itace mai girma yana buƙatar dasawa idan tushen ya hau saman tukunya ko ya yi girma ta ramuka. Bayan dasawa, samar da kyakkyawan kulawa ga Washington. A wasu halayen, ya isa ya canza saman shekara shekara.

Ana aiwatar da aikin dabino a cikin bazara, saboda tushen ya sami lokacin haɓaka da kuma dacewa da sabon tukunya kafin lokacin sanyi. Tsarin aiki

1. Idan anyi amfani da tukunya a baya, an wanke shi sosai. Wani sabon tukunyar yumɓu yana tsoma dare a ruwa.
2. Dole ne a zuba murfin tukunyar har zuwa potо tukunya a ƙarshen tanki.
3. An shayar da shuka kuma an cire shi daga tsohon akwati tare da dunƙule na ƙurar ƙasa.
4. A hankali yada ƙananan Tushen da hannuwanku, in ya yiwu.
5. Sanya dabino a kan murfin sabuwar duniya a cikin sabon akwati, a hankali cike gibin da ke tsakanin bangon. A ƙasa kusa da earthen coma an crushed.
6. Ana shayar da shuka kuma an girbe har sati guda a cikin inuwa don daidaitawa. Bayan wannan, sai su koma matsayin da suka saba.

Mai jan tsami

Yayinda dabino ke girma, ƙananan ganyayyaki suna juye da shuɗi da bushe. Wannan tsari ne na halitta. An datsa ganyen da ya bushe sosai.

Mahimmanci! Iyakar abin ci gaba a cikin dabino ne a saman tushe. Idan an yanke karar, tsire-tsire ba zai ba da harbe-harbe a kaikaice ba kuma ya mutu.

Lokacin hutawa

Shuka ba ta da lokacin magana. Abun fasalin fasalin zamani - yarda da yawan zafin jiki da yanayin ruwa.

Idan hutu ne

A cikin hunturu, zaka iya barin dabino ba tare da kulawa ba har sati 1-2. Kafin barin, ana shayar da shuka da tsabtacewa a tsakiyar ɗakin daga nesa mai haske da kayan aikin dumama. A lokacin rani, zai fi kyau kar a bar dabino ba tare da kulawa ba har tsawon mako guda. Idan hutu ya fi tsayi, zaku iya shirya tare da abokai ko amfani da tsarin shayar atomatik.

Girma Washington daga Tsaba

Farfasa da shuka kawai da tsaba. Ana iya siyan su a cikin shaguna na musamman. Za'ayi shuka ne a lokacin bazara.

Tsarin aiki

1. Don hanzarta ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar tsaba, ƙusoshin farin ciki yana ɗan ƙaramin takarda tare da sandpaper ko fayil ƙusa, ba isa ga ciki. Sannan an tsoma tsaba a cikin ruwan dumi domin kwanaki 2-7. Ana canza ruwa kowace rana.
2. Soaked tsaba suna sown a cikin sako-sako da substrate daga cakuda ƙasa tare da peat da yashi zuwa zurfin of 1 cm.
3. Akwatin an rufe shi da fim ko gilashi a saman.
4. Tsabtace tsabtace a cikin wurin dumi. Don haɓakar nasara, kuna buƙatar zazzabi na 25-30 ^{game da}C.
5. Kowace rana, ana cire gilashin ko fim don sanya iska. Ana kiyaye daskararren danshi ta hanyar fesa ƙasa.
6. Adadin germination na sprouts ya dogara da kada ɗanɗanonta ya mutu. Matasa sun girma a cikin kwanaki 15-20. Tsohon yayi tsiro 2-3 watanni.
7. Bayan an shuka iri, an sake shirya akwati a cikin wuri mai haske, mai dumama.
8. 'Ya'yan' ya'yan itacen, sun yi zurfi cikin tukwane daban-daban bayan bayyanar ganye na 2 na ainihi.

Cutar da kwari

Babban matsalolin da masu shukar fure suka hadu yayin girma da itatuwan dabino waɗanda ke faruwa lokacin da aka kiyaye su kamar yadda yakamata:

• Bar Washton juya rawaya - karancin ruwa ko rashin abinci mai gina jiki. A lokacin rani, Tushen dabino bai kamata ya bushe ba.
• Nasihun ganye - bushe iska. Dankin yana buƙatar yayyafa shi sau da yawa. Rashin ruwa ko iska mai sanyi na iya haifar da bushe bushe.
• Haske bushe aibobi a cikin ganyayyaki - wuce haddi haske.
• Zubawa Washton bushe da duhu - Yayi kasa da yawan zafin jiki.
• Karshen koda mai narkewa - ambaliya, ƙasa mai nauyi mara nauyi.
• Rotting na gangar jikin - kwarara, kwararar ruwa a cikin tukunya.
• Hannun ganyayyaki sun bushe - bushe iska da isasshen ruwa.
• Dodon duhu ya bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki - Spotting yawanci ana danganta shi da ambaliya ko kwatsam cikin zazzabi. Lokacin da duhu duhu ya bayyana, dole ne a cire kwari (wannan na iya zama mite gizo-gizo).

Daga cikin kwari, dabino suka shafa da kwari, kwari, da mealybug.

Nau'in gida na Washington tare da hotuna da sunaye

Washingtonia mai zazzabi ko nitenous (Washingtonia filifera)

Itace dabino har zuwa 25 m a cikin yanayin halitta. Lokacin da aka ajiye shi a cikin kwandon shara, ya girma zuwa 2-3 m. Ganyen yana da fasalin launin shuɗi, mai launin shuɗi. A ƙarshen sassan sassan ganye akwai ƙananan yadin farin filament na bakin ciki.

Washingtonia tana da iko ko "a cikin siket na yara" (Washingtonia robusta)

Ganin yana da kusanci da W. filifera. A kan petiole na ganye tare da tsawon tsawon su ƙaya ne. Shekarun rayuwar kowane ganye shine shekaru 3. Ragowar gawawwakin ganye a jikin akwati suna samar da harsashi mai kama da siket.