Aiki na al'ada na kowane noma ya dogara da ingancin ƙasa. Fiye da lokaci, kaddarorin ƙasa sun lalace - ruwa da iska permeability da dama, shi yana matsawa, mai tsanani. Tushen ba su da isasshen iska da ruwa. Wanke na gina jiki, ƙwayar mata na ragewa.
A wani ɓangaren, yawan ɓarna a cikin ƙasa sau da yawa yakan auku, lokacin da takin mai magani tare da ma'adinai na ma'adinai, ragi na wannan ko wannan abu zai iya faruwa. A kowane hali, tsire-tsire suna fara cutar da su, rasa halayensu kuma suka mutu. Idan muna magana ne game da amfanin gona na cikin gida, to, ana iya adana shuka ta hanyar dasa shi cikin sabuwar ƙasa, a cikin yanayin kasa mai maye gurbin, wannan zaɓi bai dace ba.
Maganin daidai ga irin wadannan matsalolin agrotechnological shine neman hanyar canza tsarin tsarin ƙasa, don inganta sassanta. Maganin ma'adanai na halitta zai iya canza yanayin microclimate don mafi kyau, ba kawai don tsarin tushen ba, har ma ga tsire-tsire a matsayin cikakke.
Shin kuna sani? Binciken wannan ma'adanai na ban mamaki ya faru a 1824 a Massachusetts (Webb T. H.), amma ba a gane shi ba. Duk amfani da kayan da aka samo da kuma sanin yadda za a yi amfani da shi, ya zama bayyanar kawai daga 70s na karni na ashirin, bayan fiye da karni na bincike kan vermiculite. Yawancin tsibirinsa sun kasance a Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Kudu, Rasha (Kovdorsky filin), Amurka (Montana), Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Australia, India, Jamhuriyar Afrika ta Kudu, da Uganda.
Menene vermiculite da agrovermiculite
Don fahimtar yanayin wannan abu, kana bukatar ka san abin da vermiculite yake. Vermiculite - ruwan kwalba mai launi na launin ruwan zinari-launin ruwan kasa, na ƙungiyar hydromicas. An tsara shi a sakamakon sakamako na hydrolysis da kuma yanayi mai duhu mica. A cikin yankunan karuwar wutar lantarki, rassan mica na mita 900 zuwa 100 na Celsius ya jagoranci zuwa evaporation na ruwa mai ɗauri a tsakanin sassan da kuma wanzuwa.
A lokaci guda kuma, an gyara ma'adinai:
- ya karu a cikin size ta hanyar sau 6-15 (ruwa na kumbura da aka shimfiɗa da mica, da kuma tsutsa-kamar zane da ginshiƙan kama da ƙananan larvae an samo daga gare su.A wannan ne inda sunan kimiyya na ma'adinai ya kasance "vermiculus" (daga latin "tsutsa", "tsutsa-kamar ");
- ya juya a cikin haske, kayan da ba shi da karfi (iya yin iyo a cikin ruwa) tare da wani tsari mai banƙyama, rawaya da zinariya, kumbura vermiculite;
- sun sami karfin yin amfani da ions ƙarfe da kuma iyawar shayar da ruwa (wasu daga cikin shi yana da alaka da kwayoyin aluminosilicate kafin zuwan gaba, yawancin ruwa yana sauƙin sauyawa).
Wadannan placers an fara gano a cikin karni na XIX. A yau, ana fitar da kalmar vermiculite a tsire-tsire masu sarrafawa, sun rarraba kashi da kuma mai tsanani, suna fadada vermiculite.
Yana da muhimmanci! Vermiculite, dangane da girman ƙwayoyin, za a iya raba shi cikin kungiyoyi - brands. Akwai ƙungiyoyi 6 duka: na farko shine 0 ko Super Micron (har zuwa 0.5 mm), na biyu shi ne 0.5 ko Micron (0.5 mm), na uku shine Super fine (1 mm), na huɗu shine Fine (2 mm), na biyar shi ne Medium (4 mm) kuma na shida shine Manyan (8 mm). Dukkanin waɗannan kayayyaki suna amfani dashi a cikin gine-ginen, jiragen sama da motoci, masana'antun haske, makamashi, da dai sauransu. A cikin aikin gona, sassan na uku, na hudu da na biyar sukan fi amfani dashi.Tambayar "Agrovermiculitis - mece ce kuma mene ne amfani?" sau da yawa yakan faru a cikin lambu (a kan kunshe-kunshe, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya ce "Expanded vermiculite" ko "Vermiculite"). Ƙarar daɗaɗɗen vermiculite ga tsire-tsire sun sami sunan agrovermiculite (GOST 12865-67).
Shin kuna sani? A waje, ana kiran "vermiculite" yawancin ma'adinai (Amurka, Ingila), "ma'adinai na magani" (Japan). Masana'antu na zamani na aikin gona a Jamus, Faransa, Israila suna amfani da kalmar vermiculite, wanda ke buƙatar ci gaba da kayan albarkatu. Don samar da "kayan tsabta" daga ra'ayi na muhalli, ana fitar da fiye da 20,000 na vermiculite zuwa ƙasashen yammacin Turai a kowace shekara, kuma ana tura fiye da ton 10,000 zuwa Japan.
Abun ciki da kaddarorin vermiculite
Vermiculite yana da abun da ke cikin sinadaran da ke kusa da micas na baki, ya ƙunshi ruwa wanda ba zeolitic, da kuma oxides na potassium, magnesium, lithium, iron, chromium, manganese, aluminum, da dai sauransu.
Abubuwa:
- yana da matsanancin zafi da sauti mai tsabta;
- yana da high zazzabi juriya;
- Abubuwan da ke cikin muhalli;
- m;
- yana da halaye na tallace-tallace na musamman (haɗin ruwan sha - 400-700%);
- ba mai guba ba;
- ba ya lalacewa kuma baya lalacewa;
- ba ya amsa da acid da alkalis;
- babu wari;
- kare kariya daga mold;
- nauyi (bayan wetting ƙara nauyin sau hudu ko fiye).
Yadda ake amfani da vermiculite
Ana amfani da vermiculite a shuka. Mafi sau da yawa ana amfani dasu don:
- inganta ƙasa;
- Seed germination;
- girma seedlings;
- Tushen cuting;
- mulching;
- malalewa, da dai sauransu.
Yana da muhimmanci! Vermiculite yana dawwama har abada kuma ba shi da rai mai rai - duk yana dogara ne akan yadda ake kiyaye tsarin da ya zama nau'i. Rashin haske da rashin kulawa na ma'adinai na haifar da samarda turɓaya a lokacin kullawa da sufuri. Yin aiki tare da babban lamarin vermiculite, kana buƙatar amfani da bandages. Kafin yin amfani da vermiculite a karo na farko, ya kamata a rinsed (wanke ƙazanta maras so kuma ɗaure ƙurar ƙura). Kafin yin amfani da vermiculite mafi kyawun ƙone (soya).
Yin amfani da vermiculite a cikin gida floriculture
An yi amfani da shi a cikin gida na lokatai na vermiculite na farko don shiri na kasa, mafi dacewa da nau'in furanni. Don furanni tare da ƙananan (ko a karkashin ci gaba) tushen tsarin, ana amfani da "Fine" iri.
Idan tushen ya samo asali, yana da kyau don amfani da cakuda brands "Fine" da "Matsakaici" (a cikin daidai hannun jari). Don tayar da manyan tsire-tsire a cikin tubs, ya fi kyau a shirya cakuda (1: 1) na "Matsakaici" da "Manya".
Daidaicin abun ciki na vermiculite a haɓakar ƙasa na girman ƙasa shine:
- don masu jinkiri - har zuwa 30% (hamada), har zuwa 20% (gandun daji), har zuwa 50% (Litattafan);
- ficus, dieffenbachy, caladium, alokazy, anthurium, maranth, hibiscus - har zuwa 20%;
- Monster, Clavium, Ivy, Philodendrons, Gemantus, da dai sauransu - har zuwa 30%;
- Yucca, dabino, dabba, laurels, tsiperusov, dratsen, bishiyar asparagus, da sauransu - 30-40%;
- gloxinia, ferns, begonias, violets, tradescantia, cyclamen, arrowroot, da sauransu - 40%.
Vermiculite (alamar "Babba") ana amfani dasu don malalewa. Don itatuwa a cikin manyan tukwane da tubs, magudanta yawanci har zuwa 2.5 cm (sau da yawa haɗe shi da wani Layer na fadada yumbu).
Kyakkyawan vermiculite (alama "Super lafiya" da kuma "Lafiya") don ado mulching.
Ana amfani da vermiculite don yankan furanni. Don tumɓasa tushe mafi kyau, shirya nau'in substrate na "Micron" da kuma mai ruwa-ruwa bayani tare da ma'adinai da takin mai magani. 
Vermiculite shi ne manufa don seedlings - ruwa da takin mai magani ana shawo kan su, sannan a hankali an sauke su zuwa shuka. Dole ne a riƙa yin rigakafi (substrate) (dole ne a kula da wannan). Tsarin mahimmanci yakan dauki kwanaki 5 zuwa 10.
Kwayar fure-fure da tubers suna da kyau a adana hunturu, idan an zuba su tare da sassan vermiculite (2 zuwa 5 cm).
Yadda ake amfani da vermiculite a gonar
Yin amfani da vermiculite a farkon kakar lambu zai inganta yawan amfanin ƙasa. 
Ana amfani da ma'adinai yadda ya kamata:
- Tsarin iri (sanya tsaba a cikin m jakar tare da vermiculite (iri "Micron" da "Super lafiya"), zuba kuma bar zuwa germinate a cikin wuri mai dumi);
- girma seedlings kayan lambu (8-10 days sauri fiye da saba). Don tumatir, cucumbers da barkono, mafi kyaun cakuda shine ƙasa (kashi 5), vermiculite (2 sassa), humus (3 sassa), da Nitrophoska (40 g da 10 l);
- grafting (1: 1 cakuda - peat da vermiculite ("Lafiya"));
- girma kayan lambu a gonar da greenhouses (ripening a baya na makonni biyu, da yawan amfanin ƙasa ne 15-30% mafi girma). Lokacin da dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, ƙara vermiculite na "Fine" (3-4 tablespoons) ga kowane shuka a cikin rijiyar. Lokacin da dasa shuki dankali - rabin kofin;
- mulching (taimaka kula dashi har ma a lokacin fari);
- takin gargajiya (don cike da kwayoyi guda 1 na peat, taki, yankakken bambaro, da sauransu - 4 buckets na vermiculite na "Fine" da kuma "Matsakaici" brands).
Yin amfani da vermiculite a gonar
Lokacin da dasa shuki da shuka bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi da shrubs, kamar yadda aikin ya nuna, yana da tasiri don amfani da vermiculite. Irin wannan seedlings ba su da saukin kamuwa da cututtuka da kuma ci gaba da sauri. Adadin yawan kuɗin da ake ciki shine 3 lita ("Fine" da "Matsakaici" brands) da kyau.
Wani muhimmin aikace-aikacen da ake bukata ga vermiculite don tsire-tsire a cikin gidajen Aljannah shi ne mulke bishiyoyi. Don yin wannan, sau da yawa amfani da cakuda alamun "Fine", "Matsakaici" da "Babba". A matsakaita, mita ɗaya yana buƙatar lita 6 zuwa 10 na irin wannan cakuda (a lokacin da yake ƙaddamar daji, al'ada zai kasance daga 3 zuwa 5 lita).
Yana da muhimmanci! Kafin ka cike da'irar 'ya'yan itace da vermiculite, dole ne ka yi hankali (kada ka lalata tushen) sassauta ƙasa. A lokacin da aka yi amfani da ita, sai a kara zurfin hankali cikin ƙasa.
Vermiculite ga tsire-tsire: ribobi da kaya na amfani
Hanyar lokaci na tsawon lokaci yana nuna cewa kaddarorin masu amfani da vermiculite suna kawo dama. 
Vermiculite:
- inganta ƙasa;
- hayar da kuma kula da ruwa a cikin ƙasa;
- lowers matakin acidity a cikin ƙasa;
- rage salinization ƙasa;
- manufa don shirya malalewa;
- kare kariya daga zafin jiki (tsire-tsire ba su da sauƙi ga daskarewa a cikin hunturu da bushewa a lokacin rani);
- ƙara haɓaka da haɓakar ƙasa;
- ba ya lalata kuma bata lalacewa (tsayayyun halittu ga microorganisms);
- rage barazana ga tsire-tsire na fungi, tushen lalacewa, da sauransu;
- ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa;
- yana inganta ciyayi na hydroponic na shuke-shuke;
- qara yawan ajiyar kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa;
- shi ne m biostimulant (abun ciki na oxides na baƙin ƙarfe, potassium da wasu abubuwa alama);
- samfurori daga ƙasa kuma ya tara nauyin mota, magungunan halayen (yiwuwar samun karin "kayan tsabta" kayan halayen yanayi.
Duk da haka, vermiculite yana da wasu matsala:
- lokacin da girma seedlings ko shuke-shuke a vermiculite da kuma amfani da ruwa mai ban ruwa don ban ruwa, akwai hadarin motsawa a cikin acid-tushe balance na ƙasa zuwa ga alkaline gefen (a cikin wannan yanayin, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da thawed da ruwa Boiled, jami'ai softening agents, da sauransu);
- idan aka yi amfani da vermiculite, yana da wuya a tantance ƙwayoyin ƙasa (sciarid, cherries, da dai sauransu);
- ba tare da la'akari da sassaukar ruwa na vermiculite ga shuka ba, yayin da ake ci gaba da kasancewa na yanayin ban ruwa, zaka iya sake wanke ƙasa.
Bayan munyi la'akari da vermiculite kuma mun fahimci abin da yake, zamu iya fahimta game da amfani da kuma yiwuwar amfani da wannan ma'adinai a samar da amfanin gona.
