Na kayan kwalliya na kayan kwalliya ko edible - girma daga tsaba

Physalis dangi ne na tumatir da taba. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, al'adun gargajiyar sun shahara sosai tsakanin masu gidaje masu zaman kansu. Abubuwa masu ban mamaki da ke girma a kan shuka zai zama kyakkyawan kayan ado na shafin a cikin lokacin sanyi. Bugu da kari, masu zanen kaya suna amfani da nau'ikan kayan ado na physalis lokacin da suke ƙirƙirar abubuwan da aka tsara don yin ado ɗakuna da kuma ƙirar shimfidar wuri mai faɗi. Da ke ƙasa akwai bayani kan menene physalis da menene na.

Bayanin Al'adu

Masu noman fure marasa kan gado sau da yawa suna mamakin, physalis - menene kuma menene? An fassara daga Girkanci "Physalis" ma'anar "kumfa".

A ina ne physalis yake girma? Homelandasar asalin al'adun ado ana ɗaukar yankin kudu da Kudancin Amurka. Sannu a hankali, bishiyar physalis ta sami karbuwa a Arewacin Amurka da Turai.

Yadda physalis ke girma

Menene physalis yayi kama? Al'adar kayan ado wani wakili ne na Solanaceae. Akwai nau'ikan physalis sama da 100. Perennial ne unpretentious kuma iya yin tsayayya da tsananin hunturu frosts. Al'adu na iya yaduwa ta hanyar shuka kai.

Tsawon bushes ɗin ya kai santimita 55 - 170. Yaya tsintsiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta wata aba ce da ke damun masu lambu. A lokacin fure, tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ana cike da furanni masu haske. A farkon kaka, fitilun wani haske mai haske mai haske waɗanda ke bayyana a cikin bushes, wanda aka kafa kananan berries. Bayan wani lokaci, fitilun kasar Sin sun rasa cikakken launi. A wannan lokacin, kawai 'ya'yan itãcen marmari da kuma veins mai kama da cobwebs za'a iya gani.

Abun kayan ado na jiki a cikin ciki

Masu zanen kaya sau da yawa suna haɗa fitilun ban mamaki na kayan kwalliyar kwalliya tare da layin kamun kifi. Sakamakon da aka samo, idan ana so, za'a iya yin ado da kintinkiri mai kyau da zaren dutsen ado.

Abun ofaican fruitsan itacen chic physalis zai yi ado daidai a ciki, ƙirƙirar lafazi mai haske. Masu zanen kaya sau da yawa suna amfani da al'adun adon don ƙirƙirar ƙofa da murfin bango. Shahararrun shahararrun samfuran suna cike da ƙananan furanni da fliage. Hakanan zaka iya yin ado da wormhs tare da kyandir don rassan kayan ado da na Pine.

M da kuma hatsari Properties na physalis

Abun 'ya'yan itaciyar kayan kwalliyar ado a jikin bushes sun hada da babban adadin abubuwan amfani, sune:

• Vitamin A
• potassium
• magnesium
• Sodium
• Bitamin B da C

Wadannan abubuwan zasu iya taimaka wajen karancin abubuwan da aka gano a jikin su.

Fruita fruitan itace mai ɗanɗano zai iya haifar da guba da tsananin amai. Kuna iya cin kayan lambu kawai na kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itace na shekara-shekara ko nau'ikan perennial.

Kayan Jiki

Iri da nau'ikan physalis na gadajen fure

Don yin ado da gadon filawa kusa da gidan, ya kamata ku kula da irin waɗannan nau'ikan kayan kwalliya na ado, irin su:

Peruvian na Physalis

Wannan itace takewa, ciyawar itace wacce ta kai 95-160 cm. Ayyukan suna cike da fareti, wanda shine sifar zuciya. Tsawon faranti da aka yi amfani da faranti ya kai 6-14 cm, nisa yana tsakanin cm 5-10. A yayin furanni, furanni sun bude kan shuka tare da furanni masu launin rawaya da aibobi a gindi, ana zanen su a cikin palet mai launin shuɗi mai duhu. A hankali, ana kafa berries a maimakon furannin physalis. Braan itace mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi yana ɓoye 'ya'yan itatuwa wanda girmansa shine 12-18 mm. Akwai kyawawan 'ya'yan itace masu ƙanshi iri-iri masu ban sha'awa.

Daga cikin mafi kyawun nau'ikan likitancin Peruvian sune:

• Abarba - wani nau'in itace wanda 'ya'yan itacen dabino suka yi a ƙarshen bazara, suna da ƙanshin abarba da aka ambata;
• strawberry - da yawa perennials, da bushes wanda kawai kai 65 cm. Amber berries exude strawberry ƙanshi,;
• kayan zaki. Tsawonta ya kai cm 70. smallan ƙaramin ganye yana kan tsire-tsire, don haka 'ya'yan itacen oak masu haske suna bayyane a fili akan tsire-tsire;
• marmalade sa. Babban bambanci shine kasancewar katako a cikin daji. Tsawonsu na iya kaiwa ga cm 140-150. berries berries, wanda adadin sa ya wuce 45 g, ana fentin su a cikin launin shuɗi-shuɗi.

Maganin motsa jiki

Hakanan perennial tare da tsire-tsire mai ciyawa, tsayin daka wanda yake cikin kewayon 45-55 cm. A kowane farantin ganye, za'a iya gano kumburi tsakanin jijiyoyin. Girman folian yana cikin kewayon 5-9 cm, kuma tsawon bai wuce cm 7-12 ba. Furanni na physalis, masu zane a cikin sautunan farin, suna kama da ƙararrawa. Rounded berries suna ɓoye a ƙarƙashin hasken wuta mai kumburi. Idan akai la'akari da berries a cikin mahallin, zamu iya lura da mayiciness na ban mamaki.

Physalis ado ne

Kuma wannan ma al'adun gargajiya ne, 'ya'yan itaciyar, duk da tsananin ladabi na musamman, an hana su ci sosai. Aukar abubuwa masu guba suna haifar da guba da tsananin amai. Zaku iya sha'awar fitilun fitila mai haske a ƙarshen bazara. Mafi mashahuri iri-iri na ornamental physalis shine iri-iri na Franchet, wanda aka dasa bishiyoyin bishiyoyi na iya kaiwa zuwa tsawon 85-90 cm. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na teardrop ana fentin su a cikin palet Scarlet.

Girma ornamental physalis daga tsaba

Yadda za a yi girma physalis daga tsaba a gida? Masana sun ba da shawarar shuka su don shuka a ƙarshen Maris. Isasan da ke ƙasa mataki-mataki-ne na tsiro, wanda zai taimaka wajen guje wa kurakuran gama gari.

Al'adar kayan ado

1. An cakuda cakuda kasar gona a cikin tanda na kimanin minti 30.
2. Bayan sanyaya, ana zuba ƙasa a cikin kwantena.
3. Ana shimfiɗa tsaba a cikin saman ƙasa, bayan haka za'a iya yayyafa shi da wani yanki na ƙasa. Zurfin zurfin kada ya wuce 10 mm.
4. Isasa ta jike daga bindigan da aka fesa.
5. An rufe kwantena tare da kayan fim kuma an canja shi zuwa daki wanda zafin jiki ya kasance cikin kewayon 17-20 ºС.
6. Bayan kwanaki 10, zaku iya tsammanin bayyanar farkon harbe. A wannan lokacin, ana iya cire fim ɗin.
7. Tukwane da harbe suna canjawa wuri zuwa yanki mai cike da wuta.
8. Da zaran ganyayyaki 2-3 suka bayyana akan shuki, yana da kyau ya fito da tsiro a cikin kwantena daban, wanda zai ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban aiki na tushen sa.
9. Kowane makonni 2-3 yana wajaba don gabatar da takaddun ma'adinai mai ma'ana a cikin ƙasa. Mafi ingancin ciyar da kayan abincin gona, wanda dole ne a fara tsar da shi da karamin adadin ruwa bisa ga umarnin.

Dasa a cikin ƙasa ƙasa shuka

Yadda za a yi girma physalis? A tsakiyar watan Mayu, kwararru sun bada shawarar shirya wurin don dasa shuki da suka girma. Isasan ƙasa mataki-mataki-ne na dasa shuki a kan shimfiɗa kwance.

1. Dugasa a cikin yankin da aka zaɓa an haƙa shi zuwa zurfin 35-40 cm.
2. Karamin adadin ash da humus aka gabatar dashi cikin qasa. Idan ana so, zaku iya zuba ɗan albasa kaɗan yankakken, wanda zai iya tsoratar da kwari.
3. A kan tsire-tsire masu shuka da aka dasa a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa ya kamata a sami ganye 5-7.
4. An fi aikin saukowa bayan faɗuwar rana a farkon lokacin bazara. A cikin ramuka da aka riga aka hako, ana shuka seedlings, a kan tushen tushen abin da dunƙule ya zama.
5. Soilasa, bayan an dasa shuki, ana cike da yalwa. Soilasar da ke kusa da furanni an mulched. Sawdust ko bambaro cikakke ne kamar ciyawa. Kauri da ciyawa yakamata yakamata ya kasance tsakanin cm cm 5. Mulching zai baka damar kawar da ciyawar sako kuma ka kiyaye danshi a cikin kasar na dogon lokaci.

Kiwo

Idan ana so a yada wata al'ada ta zamani, zaku iya amfani da hanyar:

• rarrabuwa a daji;
• yanke.

Rhizome rabo

Hanyar rarrabe daji shine mafi kyawun hanyar haifuwa. Tushen tushen perennial zai iya daidaita da kyau a cikin sabon wuri. Ana ba da shawarar hanyar a tsakiyar watan Afrilu. Bayan digging tsofaffin shuka, yana da mahimmanci don yanke shi zuwa sassan biyu, a kowane ƙarshen abin da yakamata ya sami maki girma. Sakamakon bushes ana dasa shi zuwa sabbin wurare.

Yankan

Abun girbi mafi kyau an yi shi a watan Yuli. Don yin wannan, a yanka fi na tafiyar matakai, wanda akan sa kodan 2-3 a ciki. An dasa yankan a cikin ƙasa mai laushi. Zai fi kyau zurfafa su cikin rabin tsawon. Tankunan da ke da filayen an rufe su da kayan polyethylene (tare da ramuka don samun iska). Da zarar an dasa tushen, ana iya cire polyethylene. Makonni biyu bayan dasa, sai mutum ya fara dasa shuki a cikin fili.

Siffofin kulawa na physalis a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa

Physalis na kayan ado suna buƙatar haske mai kyau, sabili da haka, lokacin zabar yankin don dasa tsire-tsire, yana da mahimmanci a la'akari da wannan gaskiyar. Dole ne a kiyaye shafin daga zayyanawa. Har ya zuwa ƙarshen, zaka iya amfani da net ɗin shading.

Zai fi kyau bayar da fifiko ga bangaye akan tsauni, wanda zai iya guje wa hulɗa da magudanar ruwa mai zurfi tare da tushen tushen. Isasa ita ce mafi dacewa ɗan alkaline ko tsaka tsaki.

Da ke ƙasa akwai ƙa'idodi masu mahimmanci don kulawa na zamani, bin yarda wanda zai ba ka damar girma bushes lafiya.

• Matsayin da aka ba da shawarar yawan ruwa shine sau 3 a mako. A kan ranakun rani mai zafi musamman, ana bada shawarar danshi ƙasa a kowace rana.
• Ya kamata a sako sako kowane mako, yana girma kusa da physalis. A lokacin da ciyawar tsire-tsire, ya zama dole don kwance ƙasa.
• Kowace kwanaki 14-15, ana bada shawara don yin kayan miya. A saboda wannan dalili, zaku iya amfani da mullein diluted a cikin karamin adadin ruwa.
• A shuka ba ya bukatar pruning. A kan ƙarin rassa, 'ya'yan itatuwa sun bayyana.

Da kyau kula da tsire-tsire, zaku iya girma bushes lafiya kuma ba mai saukin kamuwa da cuta.

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na kayan shuka

Kwaro da Cututtuka

Yarda da ka'idodin fasahar fasahar noma za ta ba ka damar shuka busheshen lafiya na zamani kuma ba kwari ya shafa ba. Koyaya, a wasu halayen, masu girke physalis suna koka da busheshen da aka shafa. Wannan ana iya danganta shi ga cututtuka daban-daban.

• Moral na hoto. Saboda ita, ɗayan ɓangaren ɓoyayyen ya fara juyawa, na biyu kuwa duhu yayi duhu. Don shawo kan cutar, kuna buƙatar cire bushes da aka shafa daga shafin kuma ku ƙone su. Soilasar da tsire-tsire na ornamental ke girma ana bi da su tare da maganin potassiumganganate.
• Blackaƙwalwar baƙar fata cuta ce da galibi ke shafar perennial seedlings. Blackwalƙwalwa baƙar fata yana tasowa musamman saboda ruwa na ƙasa. A bushes bushes, blackening na kara an lura. Seedlings da sauri mutu. Ana cire bushes ya shafa daga flowerbed kuma kone su. A kasar gona wanda tsaye tsaye ne bi da tare da fungicidal jamiái.
• Farar ƙasa. Saboda shi, tushen tushen al'adun ado yana fara jujjuyawa. Don shawo kan cutar, ya zama dole don dasa shuki a cikin daji nan da nan kuma mu bi da su da ƙwayoyin kwari ko fesa.

Kyawawan furanni

Baya ga cututtuka, tsirrai na iya cutar da:

• Bears cewa gnaw tushen tsarin. Don warke da kwaro, ya kamata a dasa seedlings a cikin zobba na filastik, wanda ya kamata ya kasance a kusa da tushen perennial;
• wireworms. Kuna iya jimre da mamayewar kwari da taimakon baits. Ramin da aka haƙa a yankin an cika su da injin hay kuma an rufe su da allon. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, zaku iya ɗaga su kuma ku bincika ramuka. Yawancin lokaci, a cikin neman zafi, wireworms tattara a cikin ramuka. Dole ne a tattara Hay kuma a ƙone tare da kwari. Don hana bayyanar wireworms, ya kamata ku tono wani shafi mai zurfi a duk lokacin kaka.

Irin waɗannan matsalolin da wuya su faru tare da shuka, kamar yadda al'adar ke tsayayya da yawancin cututtuka. Mafi mahimmanci, bi shawarwari na asali game da kula da shuki, wanda zai ba ka damar girma bushes lafiya.

Fasahar kayan kwalliya wata al'ada ce wacce masu zanen kaya ke yawan amfani da ita wajen yin ado da dakuna. Abubuwan da ba a sani ba na 'ya'yan itatuwa da launuka masu haske suna ɗaukar yanayin kuma suna ba da coziness ɗakin. Tafarnuwa na physalis sun dace daidai da kowane zane na ciki.