Yaushe kuma yadda za a shuka tsaba na swede? Shawarar shawarwari don inganta kayan lambu

A cikin Rasha, samfurin na samfurori shine juyawa, amma abincin sinadaran da abun bitamin C na swede ya wuce shi. Abin takaici, manoma da masu aikin lambu ba su san wannan ba, kuma ba su yi girma ba, amma banza! Rutabaga kayan lambu ne da ke da kyau a Turai.

A girmama shi har ma da shirya bukukuwa a Switzerland. Wannan kayan lambu, bisa ga wasu malaman, shine sakamakon kabeji da kuma biyowa.

Wannan labarin zai gaya muku yadda kuma lokacin da za ku shuka kayan lambu a cikin ƙasa a bude kuma a kan bishiyoyi, sannan bayan haka za'a iya girma.

Fasali na girma

Swede yayi kama da wannan: a saman ɓangaren ganye, a saman ƙasa har yanzu akwai ƙananan ɓangare na tushe, tushe kanta shine ja-purple, kuma ciki yana da nama na launin rawaya.

• Swede ya tsufa na dogon lokaci, don haka ya fi kyau a fara dasa shuki da wuri.
• Wannan kayan lambu ba ji tsoron yanayin sanyi ba, watau. yana nufin jinsin sanyi.
• Rutabaga wani kayan lambu ne mai shekaru biyu. A cikin shekarar farko, tushen da ganye yana tasowa kuma a wannan lokacin ya dace da abinci. A shekara ta biyu, swede blooms da kuma samar da tsaba.
• Yi hankali lokacin da dasa shuki don bukatar ƙasa. Kasashen da aka samarda ba zai dace ba. Ya kamata ya zama sako-sako da kuma matsakaici m. Idan ƙasa ta bushe sosai, kayan lambu bazai dace da abinci ba, amma wuce haddi na laima yana haifar da lalata.
• Idan kowane legumes, dankali, tumatir, cucumbers ko zucchini sun yi girma a wannan wuri kafin swede, to wannan wuri ya dace da wannan amfanin. Idan a kan gado yayi girma kusa dangi: kabeji ko turnip, to ba'a ba da shawarar yin amfani da wannan wuri ba don turnips.

Tsaba

Tun da yake swede ba sanannen Rasha ba ne, zabi na iri iri ne. Daga cikin mafi yawan iri - "Krasnoselskaya." A cikin duka, ɗakin cin abinci irin na Rasha ya kaucewa 6.

Lokacin zabar tsaba don gonar, la'akari da lokacin ripening daga tushen. Alal misali, a cikin farkon iri iri "Novgorod", "Krasnoselskaya" da kuma "Ƙaunar yara", tsawon lokacin tsafta yana zuwa kwanaki 117-120. Vereyskaya da Hera rutabaga suna cikin kwanaki 90. Da farko iri-iri "Light Dream". Yana daukan kwanaki 70 don kammala kammalawar tushen.

Har ila yau, iri dabam dabam suna da nauyin tushen. Krasnoselskaya swede yayi girma a cikin nauyi har zuwa 600 grams. Sauran nau'o'in na samar da ƙasa mara nauyi zuwa 350-400 grams.

Tsaba suna da araha a farashin.. A Moscow, yawan farashin farashin daga 14 zuwa 20 rubles.

Lokaci

Swede yana nufin amfanin gona mai sanyi, wanda ya ƙunshi fasalin farkon dasa. Don amfanin gonar germination, yanayin zafin jiki da ake bukata shine kawai + 2 digiri (amma mafi yawan zafin jiki shine daga +12 zuwa +17), yayin da zai iya jure jitawar har zuwa -2 digiri.

Bisa ga wannan zafin jiki, Yankin mafi girma don girma rutabagas shine tsakiyar tsakiya da arewacin yankin. A cikin waɗannan wurare, tumatir suna girma tun daga karshen Afrilu.

Idan akwai sha'awar shuka wannan amfanin gona a yankunan kudancin, yafi kyau a dauki iri dake da sauri (70-90). Idan ya yi da wuri don shuka tsaba, to sai ana girbi amfanin gona kafin farawar zafi.

A cikin yankunan arewacin kasarmu (da kuma Siberia da Urals), a cikin yanayin muhalli mai tsanani na mazauna zafi, kowace rana tana da muhimmanci. Don samun amfanin gona, ana shuka tsaba don shuka a farkon watan Afrilu (in ba haka ba amfanin gona mai tushe ba zai sami lokaci zuwa balagagge), kuma an shuka a cikin ƙasa mai kusa kusa da Yuni.

Hankali! A cikin ƙasa dashi wani shuka da riga yana da 3-4 ganye.

Hanyar saukowa

Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu: nau'in nau'in (kai tsaye don buɗe ƙasa) da kuma transplanting.

A cikin bude ƙasa

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama a tsakiyar hanya shuka tsaba a kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa. Don haka kuna buƙatar:

1. Shirya ƙasa. Inganta idan ya cancanta ta ƙara peat ko yashi. Gwada ƙasa, cire weeds da asalinsu. Takin taki kafin dasa shuki kawai humus ko takin.
2. Shirya tsaba. Kafin shuka, za a iya dafa shi tsawon minti 30 ta hanyar saka su cikin ruwa tare da zafin jiki na kimanin +50 digiri.
3. Yi tsagi a gonar (zurfin zurfin ba fiye da 2-3 cm.).
4. Shuka tsaba (a kan m 1 na kusan 20). Yayyafa tsaba tare da ƙasa kuma rufe gado na lambun (tare da fim ko spunbond).

A ranar 5th, harbe ya bayyana, wanda za'a iya farawa a karo na farko lokacin da 3-4 ya fara bayyana. Nisa a lokacin da yake tsakiyar tsakanin tsire-tsire shine 5-6 cm A karo na biyu ana yin shi ne yayin da akwai nau'i-nau'i 5-7 a kan tsire-tsire, yayin da suke barin nisa tsakanin su na 15-20 cm.

Seedlings

Lokacin da girma swede seedlings, da algorithm aiki da wadannan:

1. Zaɓi wuri don kwalaye da seedlings (mai sanyi, don haka lambuna ko baranda ya dace, saboda a wuri mai dumi mai kyau, mai karfi, mai yiwuwa seedlings ba zai yi girma ba.Bayan zurfin kwalaye na seedlings shine 10-15 cm).
2. Mun shirya tsaba da ƙasa (kazalika da hanya marar amfani).
3. Shuka da tsaba a cikin kwalaye (3-4 cm tsakanin tsaba) da kuma yayyafa da ƙasa (zurfin seeding ne 1-2 cm).
4. Ruwa da ƙasa kuma ya rufe tare da fim ko gilashi (kada ku buɗe har sai da shuka).
5. Lokacin da harbe ya bayyana, an cire fim ɗin, kuma a lokacin da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna da daga ganyen gashi zuwa 3 zuwa 5, an dasa su a gwangwani na daban don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa.
6. 30-40 days bayan fitowan harbe, shuka seedlings a bude ƙasa (gadaje gadaje a gadaje, nisa tsakanin ramuka 15-20 cm, nisa tsakanin layuka game da 60 cm).

Kula da wahala

Lokacin da tsire-tsire sun rigaya a kan gado, aikin da ya fi wuya shine. An yi imanin cewa rutabaga ba tare da kulawa ba. Mazauna mazauna yanayin suna buƙatar saka idanu cikin ƙasa (kada su bushe ko ambaliya), sassauta (yadda oxygen ya shiga tushen), sako da kuma ciyar da injin. Amma a nan, ma, akwai matsalolin da suka dace:

• Swede ba ya son waterlogging. Ana yin watering sau 3-5 a lokacin girma. Dole a biya hankali a kan adana ruwan danshi. Don haka, an rufe ƙasa tsakanin layuka: tare da takin gargajiya, bambaro, ƙwayar daji ko tumbuka, rotted sawdust.
• Takin ƙaya ba sau da yawa, kawai sau 2-3 a kowace kakar. Ba za ka iya takin da sabo taki ba, saboda da ɓangaren litattafan almara zai zama m (bushe da kuma sako-sako da). Idan kana son swede yana jin dadi, toshe shi tare da taki tare da phosphorus, zai kara yawan abun ciki sugar. Ba tare da taki na boron ba, kayan lambu zasu zama bland.
• Kwaro yana haifar da matsala. Yana da giciye giciye da kabeji. Ash tsakanin layuka da naphthalene iya shawo kan wadannan kwari.

Yana da muhimmanci! Furewa masu karfi da ganye suna taimakawa wajen yaki kwari: Mint, marigold, thyme, calendula, sage. Za a kiyaye gonar kuma a lokaci guda sosai kyau. Ana iya amfani da Swede a dafa abinci. Ana kara sabo ne ga salads. Kayan lambu na iya zama stew, toya, tafasa.

Swede yana da kyau don lafiyar jiki. Wannan shi ne babban magani ga konewa, da kuma warkar da rauni da anti-mai kumburi. Watakila yana da daraja a nuna karamin lambun kayan lambu don wannan kayan lambu mai ban mamaki?