Kabeji yana daya daga cikin amfanin gona da aka fi sani da kayan lambu, wanda za'a iya samuwa a kusan kowane lambun, amma ba kowa yana kula da samun albarkatu masu kyau da kuma inganci ba. A cikin wannan labarin za mu fahimci yadda za a dasa gonar farin, tare da dokokin dasawa da kula da shi a cikin ƙasa.
Brief bayanin da mafi kyau iri
Kabeji wata kayan lambu ne mai shekaru biyu na iyalin tsire-tsire. Tsarinta yaron ya kasance cikin jingina da juna da kuma samar da kai tsaye. White kabeji yana dauke da ma'adanai masu amfani da bitamin.
A yau, kasarmu ta girma da yawa iri iri daban-daban da kuma hybrids na wannan kayan lambu, amma ina so in lura da irin waɗannan abubuwa: Avak F1, Dita, Olympus, Sonya F1, Delta, Meridor F1, "Snow White", "Kitano Line". 
Shin kuna sani? An cinye kabeji shekaru 4 da suka wuce a d ¯ a Misira.
Dasa tsaba don seedlings
Don samun karfi da lafiya seedlings kana bukatar ka san yadda za a zabi nagari tsaba da kuma yadda za a shuka su daidai.
Zaɓi na tsaba da kuma shirye-shiryen da aka yi
Zaɓin ku na tsaba zai ƙayyade abin da kuka samu. Lokacin zabar tsaba ga seedlings, kana buƙatar yanke shawarar abin da kake buƙatar fararen kabeji don - farkon da kuma m don salatin rani na alkama ko marigayi na tsawon hunturu ajiya: wannan shine babban zabin yanayi.
Shin kuna sani? Mafi kyawun farin kabeji yana da nauyin kilo 57.6.Don samun girbi mai kyau, yana da muhimmanci a shirya madogarar madogara don seedlings na gaba. Zaka iya saya duniya substrate a cikin shagon ko yin shi da kanka: saboda wannan kana buƙatar ka haɗa a daidai sassa Turf ƙasa da humus, to, ƙara daya kopin ash da 10 kilogiram na kasar gona cakuda. Ash yayi aiki a matsayin tushen abubuwan da ake bukata kuma a matsayin wakili na prophylactic don kafa baki.
Yana da muhimmanci! A lokacin da ake shirya matakan, ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da ƙasar daga filin ba inda ƙwayar kabeji ko wasu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire sun riga sun girma.
Shuka
Kafin shuka tsaba ya kamata su fushi don ƙara cutar juriya. Don yin wannan, ana amfani da tsaba sosai na mintina 15 a ruwa mai dumi zuwa 55 ° C, sa'an nan kuma a nutse cikin ruwan sanyi don minti 4.
Bayan daɗaɗɗa, ana buƙatar tsaba a cikin sa'o'i kadan a cikin rawar jiki - zai iya zama "Humate" ko wani abu dabam. Wasu iri ba za a iya wanke su ba kafin shuka, don haka tabbatar da karanta umarnin a kan marufi.
Lokacin da tsaba sun shirya, suna buƙatar sanya su cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin 1-1.5 cm da ruwa sau daya - na gaba watering ne da za'ayi bayan fitowan sprouts. Don adana ruwan danshi, dole a rufe ƙasa da fim. Ajiye tsaba har sai germination ya kasance a zafin jiki na + 18 ° C zuwa + 22 ° C.
Tsarin abinci
Tsarin tsaba ya fara a matsakaita cikin kwanaki 5. Bayan haka, wajibi ne don cire fim da kuma rage yawan zazzabi zuwa + 5-10 ° C. Bayan bayanan farko ya bayyana, za a tasirin zafin jiki zuwa + 15-18 ° C a rana da + 5-10 ° C - daren. A wannan lokacin, ana bukatar seedlings a cikin iska, amma kana buƙatar tabbatar cewa babu wani fassarar da ta shafi tasirin.
Bugu da kari, seedlings suna buƙatar ƙarin haske don 12 hours. Bayan kowace watering, ƙasa ya kamata a ɗanɗana shi don kauce wa bushewa ko cirewa.
Yana da muhimmanci! 7 days bayan germination, seedlings ya kamata a zuba tare da manganese bayani a cikin rabo na 3 g na potassium permanganate zuwa lita 10 na ruwa.
Shuka fararen kabeji a bude ƙasa
Lokacin da tsire-tsire sun riga sun girma, lokaci ya yi da za a dashi su gado na gado. Duk da haka, tambayar nan take taso yadda za a dasa kabeji a bude ƙasa, don tabbatar da yawan rayuwarsa da sauri. 
A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana shuka shuka kayan lambu a wuri mai dadi lokacin da frosts sun riga sun koma. Zai zama abin da zai dace don zaɓar rana mai hadari domin zafi baya shafan itatuwan ganyayyaki na shuka. Gidan da kayan lambu zai yi girma ya kamata a raba zuwa layuka tare da ramuka 50x50 cm.
Dole ya zama ƙasa kafin dasa shuki, to sai ku yi rami mai zurfi kuma ku sanya rassan wuri, ku zurfafa shi zuwa ga takardun farko. Bayan haka, wajibi ne don daidaita ƙasa a kusa da tushe da tushe. Idan ya cancanta, shake a seedling don kwanakin farko don riƙe da danshi a cikin ƙasa kuma inganta rayuwar.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan ka yanke shawara don dasa tsire-tsire iri daban-daban, ya fi kyau shuka shuka farkon nan da nan. Kwanaki 14 bayan haka, farawa a tsakiyar lokacin saukowa. Amma shuka seedlings na marigayi kabeji ajiye - ya kamata a dasa ne kawai kwanaki 30 bayan dasa shuki da wuri.
Noma
Bayan an dasa bishiyoyi, sai ya fi wuya a kula da kabeji a fili. Wajibi ne don biyan tsarin mulkin rani, don ciyarwa, ciyar da kwari da cututtuka.
Yadda za a ruwa
Kuna buƙatar ruwa da tsire-tsire da maraice: idan yanayin yana da damuwa, to ana yin watering ne kowace rana 5; idan zafi ya dade na dogon lokaci, to kana buƙatar ruwa kowace rana 2. Bayan watering, tabbata don sassauta ƙasa da spud da seedlings.
Yawancin lambu suna bada shawarar daidaitawa, wanda ke taimakawa wajen riƙe da danshi. Madogara mai kyau ne don ciyawa, kwakwalwan itace, da kyau, mafi kyau zaɓi zai zama peat - ba kawai yana riƙe da danshi ba, amma har ma yana ci gaba da shuka.
Yana da muhimmanci! A Layer na ciyawa kada ta kasance kasa da 5 cm lokacin farin ciki.
Top dressing
Kwana daya da rabi bayan an dasa shi a cikin ƙasa, an yi amfani da sautin farin kabeji. Don haka, a cakuda da 2 g na potassium na tushen taki, 3 g na superphosphates, 3 g nitrate dace - duk wannan za a iya narkar da a cikin wani lita na ruwa: wannan adadin zai iya zama isa ga 50 seedlings. Ana ciyar da abinci na biyu a cikin kwanaki 12-14. Sinadaran don taki sun kasance iri ɗaya, amma kawai sashi ne ninki biyu.
Idan ba ku da damar da za ku shirya irin wannan cakuda da kanku, to, zaku iya sayan taki don kabeji a kantin sayar da kaya. Lokacin da ganyayyaki suka fara girma, an bada shawara don takin tsire-tsire ta hanyar shirya 10 g na gishiri da guga na ruwa: watering tare da wannan bayani ya biyo bayan lissafin lita 2 na sapling.
Ana yin gyaran gaba daya a lokacin da take kan kai - don haka zaka buƙaci:
- urea - 5 g;
- biyu superphosphate - 6 g;
- potassium sulfate - 9 g
- Dama wannan duka a cikin lita 15 na ruwa (ruwa tare da lissafi kamar yadda aka rigaya).
Yana da muhimmanci! Don kauce wa bayyanar konewa a kan kabeji, an yi taki taki bayan an shawo.
Hanyar kariya ga cututtuka da kwari
Kwayar kabeji, kamar sauran kayan lambu, yana iya haifar da cuta da kuma kaiwa ga kwayoyin cuta. Don kada a bi da kayan lambu tare da cututtuka masu cutarwa, zai fi kyau wajen aiwatar da rigakafi.
Ya ƙunshi kulawa ta dace da aiki na yau da kullum na kayan samfurori. Don kare kayan lambu daga lalacewa daga asalinsu da ƙananan kafafu, ana kula da seedlings tare da taimakon "Trikhodermin" ko "Rizoplanoma": ya kamata a kawo su, bin umarnin. Jiyya tare da wadannan kwayoyi ya haifar da kariya a kusa da tushen da kwayoyin cutar da ke haifar da cututtuka.
Don kare kariya daga guttura da slugs, an bada shawara a yayyafa seedlings tare da cakuda ash da shredded taba. Zaka kuma iya bi da shuka "Intavir".
A kwarai kwaro ne cruciferous kwaro. A matsayin ma'auni mai ƙyama, dole ne a halakar da irin waɗannan ciyayi kamar tsofaffi, jakar makiyayi, sverbig, filin gona, karamin karami a kan makircin.
Kafin yin kabeji, wajibi ne a bi da "Aktellik" ko "Phosbecid".
Yana da muhimmanci! Zai yiwu a bi da kabeji tare da kwari ne kawai kafin bayyanar shugaban kabeji.
Girbi
Makwanni biyu kafin girbi ya kamata a dakatar da ruwa - wannan yana taimakawa wajen tarawar fiber, wanda, a gefe guda, inganta ajiyar kayan lambu. Dole ne a tsaftace kabeji tare da rhizome, to, ya kamata a haɓaka - ana amfani da cabbages da lalacewa ta hanyar parasites da cututtuka mafi kyau ko cinyewa.
Kayan lambu dace da ajiya ya kamata a bushe don kwanaki da yawa. Bayan haka, an yanke tushen, barin stalk tare da takarda, sa'annan an sanya shi cikin ajiya a firiji ko ginshiki.
Kabeji wata shuka ce mai amfani kuma mai amfani sosai, tsakanin jinsunan da yawa - Brussels, Beijing, Broccoli, Kale, Chong, launi, jan, Savoy, Kohlrabi - kowa zai sami kayan lambu zuwa dandano.A kan sikelin masana'antu da kuma gidãjen Aljanna mai son, wanda zai iya samo nau'in nau'i nau'i na nau'i na kabeji. Kwayar kabeji shine mafi mashahuri: girma da kula da shi a filin bude hanya ce mai aiki, amma a sakamakon haka za ku samu girbi mai kyau da girbi.
