Gaylardia shine tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire, mafi yawanci ana girma a cikin ƙasa buɗe. Furanni masu haske, mai ja ko wuta mai ban sha'awa sune adon lambun. Ba ya ƙazantar da yanayin girma, yana rayuwa da kyau a cikin ƙasa, da wuya ya yi rashin lafiya. Wannan shine ingantacciyar shuka don lambu mai laushi.
Bayanin Botanical
A cikin halittar Gaylardia (dangin Astrov), akwai nau'ikan tsire-tsire 28, daga cikinsu ana samun ciyawa na shekara-shekara, biennial da perennial da ciyawa. Wurin haifuwar furen shine Amurka.
Gaylardiya matasan
A mafi yawancin nau'ikan perennial, kara sun kai mita 1. Ganyen yana da haske kore, elongated, furanni masu hade da launi. Partaya daga cikin kayan fure ya kasance launin ja (ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda), na biyu kuma rawaya ne. A wannan yanayin, jerin abin kwaikwayon madadin abin ya dogara da nau'in. A gefunan furannin suna zamewa, maɓallin furannin fure ne, amma ainihin cibiyarsa kore ne. An shirya dabbobi a cikin layuka 2. Tushen yana da elongated, tushe ne pubescent.
Ban sha'awa! A waje, furen Gaylardia yana da alaƙa da nau'ikan chamomile da aka horar, amma yawanci baya kaiwa tsawo wanda yake halayyar wannan fure.
Iri da nau'ikan perennial da shekara-shekara gaillardia: spinous da sauransu
Na gani wuya a rarrabe tsakanin matasan, perennial da shekara-shekara iri a tsakãninsu, sun yi kama sosai. Amma fiye da nau'ikan nau'in Gailardia na Gailardia guda biyu sun shahara, wanda ke sauƙaƙe aikin mai fara siyarwa. Wadannan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan gaillardia Lorenziana, nau'in gaillardia manyan-flowered, Gaillaria lorenziana, goblin iri, Arizona San, Sunshine, inuwa, amber.
Hybrid gaillardia (Gaillardia hybrida)
Kakannin wannan nau'in sune gaylardia na Arewacin Amurka. An girma a matsayin shuka mai launi biyu-biyu, amma wasu nau'ikan sun yi girma kuma suka yi fure na shekaru 3-4 bayan dasa. Harbi ya kai tsayin mita 1.2, da kyau da tushe. Gailardia hybrida furanni masu haske mai-rawaya-ja, tushe da ganyayyaki sune mashaya. Yana blooms a farkon Yuli kuma blooms har zuwa farkon Satumba frosts.
Galardia sanay
Wani suna - "Krasava", shekara ce mai girman matsakaici, karar da take kaiwa zuwa 40 zuwa kusan 60 cm, abu mai tauri, an rufe shi da kusan kuzari mai lalacewa. Tsawon ganyayyakin shine 10-12 cm .. Gailardia furanni suna da zane mai kyau a cikin lilac, launin rawaya da duhu launuka, na iya zama mai sauƙi, terry ko Semi biyu. Yana tono daga Yuli zuwa Satumba.
Lanceolate ko makafi (Gaillardia lanceolata)
Lancerous gaillardia wani karamin daji ne, har zuwa santimita 50. Tsayayya mai tushe kai tsaye, ganyayyaki suna da yawa, koren haske da launin toka. Peduncles a sashinsu na sama an rufe shi da dumbin yawa. A launi daga cikin petals na iya zama daban, akwai bushes na wannan iri-iri tare da rawaya, ja-rawaya, ja-lemo mai launin shuɗi da furanni masu launin shuɗi.
Gaylardia Arizona Red Shades
Hunturu-Hardy, da jure zafin lokacin bazara a daji. Tsawon Arizona gaillardia yana kan tsaka 30-35 cm furanni suna da girma (12 cm) terracotta ja, ganyen suna duhu kore. Yana fure a watan Yuni kuma bai daina fure ba har sai watan Satumba.
Mahimmanci! Wannan nau'ikan Gaillardia na shekara-shekara na iya zama kyakkyawan kayan ado don buɗe taga na gabas ko kuma baranda a buɗe.
Shuka a lokacin rani
Gaillardia spinosa
Guillardia spinosa - perennial, har zuwa 0.75 m high tare da karkata zuwa ga harbe harbe a cikin ƙananan sashi. Ganye suna da elongated, pubescent, gefuna suna da kauri ko bazzara, farantin ganye da kanta lanceolate ko oval. Girman dutsen acanthus perennial gaillardia shine 10-12 cm. furanni na tsakiya sune tubular, mafi yawan lokuta suna launin rawaya, amma akwai ja, ja-rawaya, m ja da sauran tabarau.
Gaylardia Burgundy
Yankin daji mai rarrafe na Gaillardia burgundi yana buƙatar tallafi. Mai tushe, ya bar dogon duhu kore, mai laushi. Manyan furanni -12-14 cm a diamita, ganyen mai launin shuɗi mai haske. Yana blooms a watan Yuni-Yuli.
Yi amfani da zane mai faɗi da haɗe tare da sauran launuka
Gailardia, dasa tsayi da kulawa na dogon lokaci wanda aka bayyana a ƙasa, galibi ana amfani dashi akan ƙirar shimfidar wuri. Itace tayi kyau cike da fararen kayan farin, asters da sauran furanni na lambun. Bushes ɗin m ne, ba sa girma kuma kar a tsoma baki tare da wasu tsirrai a gonar.
Wasu nau'ikan gaillardia suna kama da furannin daji fiye da furanni masu ciyawa, saboda haka za'a iya dasa su kusa da irin wannan tsire-tsire:
- fure furanni;
- karrarawa;
- marigolds;
- aconites;
- dabbobin ruwa;
- ganye mara-ganye;
- irin nau'in sunflower.
Za a iya dasa busassun a cikin kwanduna na wicker, an yi fenced tare da wasan zana mara nauyi, a cikin kwantena na katako. Za'a iya dasa nau'ikan da ke girma a kan gadaje na fure (musamman kayold Gaillardia iri-iri) da kuma tsaunukan tsayi.
Maƙwabta tare da wasu tsirrai
Shiri na gailardia perennial don dasa a cikin ƙasa bude
Yin dasawa da dasa sabuwar galardia na girma a cikin ƙasa ana yin shi ne a cikin bazara - a kusa da Afrilu, ko a fall - a ƙarshen Satumba. Lokacin girma gaillardia daga tsaba, lokacin da za ku shuka shi daga tukunya cikin ƙasa, zaku iya ƙayyade yawan ganye. Uku ko hudu sun isa shuka da za a gane shi mai yiwuwa kuma a shirye don canjin yanayin.
Ana shuka 'yan itacen a cikin ƙasa daga tukwane a watan Agusta-Satumba. A cikin bazara ya fi kyau kada kuyi. Ana tsabtace wurin saukar da ciyawa, an haƙa shi tare da haɗuwa da takin mai magani.
A kan takin taki, yanki na murabba'in 1. m barin:
- 1 guga na takin;
- dintsi na superphosphate;
- 2 dintsi na katako itace.
Mahimmanci! Ba da daɗewa ba kafin dasa shuki, gaillardia ba ta kasance takin da kuma shayar. Amma don amintaccen cire tsire-tsire daga cikin akwati a ciki, ana shayar da ita sosai har ma an zubar da ruwa.
Yadda ake dasa wannan kyakkyawan furanni
Gailardia ana shuka shi cikin ƙasa da safe ko da yamma bayan faɗuwar rana. Tsarin aiki
- An yi rami a cikin ƙasa, tare da zurfin 30 cm cm zurfin ya dogara da girman tsarin tushen, idan akwai fewan tushen, to, rami na iya zama ƙananan.
- Cika rami da ruwa.
- Takin.
- Jira har sai ruwan ya sha.
- An dasa shi a tsakiyar rami a gaba a tsakiyar shuka da aka riga aka cire daga tukunyar.
- Yi barci tare da ƙasa.
Mahimmanci! Idan daji yana yaduwa, to, wasu turaku na iya makale a kusa da wata shuka da ke hade da su. Wannan zai adana gizon daga lalacewa yayin iska da ruwan sama.
Yawancin danshi - rage yawan wuraren kwalliya
Girma shuka iri a cikin ƙasa
Ana girbe tsaba a Gailardia bayan shuka ya lalace har ma an bushe kaɗan. An yanke bushewar bushewa tare da almakashi kuma sanya shi cikin jakar lilin. An rataye shi, amma ba a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye ba, kuma an bar shi a wannan matsayin na makonni 1-2. A wannan lokaci, da tsaba ya kamata a bushe, ripened da desiccated daga kwalaye rike da su a cikin toho.
Ana shuka tsaba a cikin kwalaye a watan Fabrairu da Maris. Ana yin shuka kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa a ƙarshen kaka, amma kafin lokacin sanyi mai zafi ko a lokacin bazara - a ƙarshen Afrilu - Mayu, da zaran zafin zafin iska ya wuce digiri 15-17. Lokacin saukowa ya dogara da yanayin damina a wani yanki. Kafin yin shuka, an riga an haɗa ƙasa da yashi da ash.
Gailardia an shuka shi a cikin dogon furrows mai zurfi tare da chopper ko a cikin ramuka. Farkon harbe ya kamata ya bayyana a baya fiye da makonni 1.5-2. Bayan fitarwa, za a iya shayar da rijiyoyin, amma a hankali, a kula da cewa ruwan ba ya wanke tsaba daga ƙasa.
Mahimmanci! Nisa tsakanin rijiyoyin tare da tsaba ko kuma 'ya'yan da kansu yakamata ya zama aƙalla 35 cm, in ba haka ba kuna iya ma'amala da bakin jini da dasa bishiyar matasa.
Kayan lambu na yaduwa
Tsirrai na tsire-tsire suna haifuwa ta hanyoyi da yawa:
- rarraba daji;
- yanke;
- sakawa;
- tushen zuriya;
- alurar riga kafi.
Gailardia yana yaduwa ta musamman ta hanyar rarraba daji ko dasa itace.
Rarraba daji
Hanya mafi sauki don yada gaillardia, rarraba mazuciya cikin daji zuwa kananan kananan bushes. Wannan yana ba kawai damar samun sababbin tsire-tsire ba, har ma don sabunta tsoffin tsoffin. Za'a iya raba daji mai matsakaici zuwa kashi 3-4. Gwarzon lambu wanda ya yi wannan a lokacin bazara zai karɓi da yawa daga cikakku, a shirye don fure mai fure a cikin bazara.
Kuna iya yaduwa ta hanyar rarraba daji a bazara, amma a wannan yanayin, tsire-tsire da aka sabunta da matasa bushes na iya yin fure. Tare da wannan hanyar haifuwa, babban abinda ba shine zai lalata tushen ba kuma ya kula da adadinsu wanda ya isa zuwa cikakkiyar fure. Bayan dasa a cikin ƙasa, tsire-tsire matasa suna shayar da yalwa.
Yankan
A cikin bazara (Maris-Afrilu) na yanke tsawon 5-10 cm Don yanke tushen, sun sanya su a cikin gilashin ruwa na kwana 1, bayan wannan sun dasa su a cikin tukunya da ƙasa mai daɗi ko akwati. Wannan ba hanya ce mai dacewa da ingantacciya ba don samun seedlingsan matasa, tunda babu sama da rabin dukkan tsiran da aka shuka a ƙasa ba.
Ilasa don tsirrai
Gailardia yana girma da kyau a kowace ƙasa mai haske, amma baya jure ƙasan acidic. Idan ƙasa ta yi acidic, ana shuka haɓaka shuka, ba ta yi fure ba, kusan kusan ba zai yiwu ba sai a yaɗa tushen. Hakanan, furen baya son soasa mai laushi sosai, saboda haka ana dasa bushes ɗin daga waɗancan tsire-tsire waɗanda ke son danshi kuma suna buƙatar yin riba na yau da kullun.
Kowane ƙasa ya dace, amma ya fi dacewa don ɗaukar ƙasa don dasawa daga gandun daji ko zuba ƙasan ƙasa kaɗan cikin ramin.
Zaɓin shafin
Gailardia an dasa shi a cikin ingantaccen litattafan ciyawa. Haske shine babban abin da ake buƙata, da cikawa wanda zaku iya dogaro da yalwar fure da girma. Kada a lalata hoton dazuzzuka ta wasu tsire-tsire, in ba haka ba Gaillaria, dasa da kulawa wanda dole ne a aiwatar da shi daidai, zai mutu.
Mafi kyawun duka, gaillardia, wanda za'a iya amfani da furensa don ƙirƙirar kyakkyawan bouquet, yana jin kan tuddai. Idan babu wata dama ta dasa shi a kan shinge, to ana sanya magudanar ruwa a kowane rami kafin a dasa fure a ciki. Wannan zai kare shuka daga mummunan tasirin danshi mai yawa.
Watering mita da bukatun ingancin ruwa
Yawancin tsire-tsire matasa sukan shayar - koda sau 1 a rana, idan lokacin rani ya bushe. Kimanin lita 1.5-2 na ruwa ana zuba a ƙarƙashin wani daji. Shayar da yamma ko sanyin safiya kafin fitowar rana. Ana ɗaukar ruwa daga ganga, inda dole ne a bar shi ya tsaya na kwanaki 1-2. Za'a iya kiyaye ruwan famfo mai sanyi Hakanan ruwan sama ya dace da ban ruwa.
Mahimmanci! Zuba kai tsaye a cikin rami a ƙarƙashin tushe. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da ƙanƙan talakawa ko gilashi, yana da kyau kada a yi amfani da abin sha, tunda ruwa bai faɗi akan ganyayyaki ba.
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
A ƙarshen Satumbar, an yanke duk ɓangaren tsire-tsire na tushen, yana barin ginshiƙai babu tsayi sama da 3-5 cm. Pruning yana taimaka wa tsawan rayuwar daji, bayan da gailardia ya yi fure sosai, huhun da ya bayyana a shekara ta gaba bayan hanyar yana da girma a diamita, mai haske, kamar gabaɗaya. daji gaba daya.
Gaylardiya ya jure da hunturu da kyau. Amma matasa perennials kafin tsananin sanyi bukatar bukatar a rufe coniferous paws, brushwood, peat, hay ko bambaro, ba saka sutura kayan da za su iya kula da iska zazzabi zama dole domin shuka.
Cututtukan Gaillardia na shekara-shekara da kwari
Gaylardia ba shi da lafiya sau da yawa. Rashin kulawa mai kyau yana ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban cututtuka da bayyanar kwari - dasa shuki a cikin inuwa, yalwatacce kuma ba a cika shayarwa ba. Mafi muni shine tsire-tsire a cikin lokacin bazara da sanyi.
Farar fata
Mafi sau da yawa, dole ne a kula da gaillardia don irin waɗannan cututtukan:
- Grey rot. Leavesasan ganye ya zama duhu, ya ninka a cikin bututu ya bushe. Idan har ba a kula da wannan alamar rashin lafiya ta cutar ba, to, ana saran zaren sashin daji da fure kamar haka. A ƙarshe, gaillardia zai mutu. Ana amfani da kwari don magance launin toka. Abubuwan da suka lalace na tsire-tsire ana cire kullun.
- Farar fata tsatsa Babban alamar cutar shine farin rufi a cikin ganyayyaki. Zai iya bayyana a garesu da farko a cikin karamin karamin tabo, amma sannu-sannu ya watsu cikin duka takarda, yana canza launi zuwa launin ruwan kasa. Da farko yana kama da mold, amma yayin da cutar ke yaduwa, ƙirar tana ɗaukar nau'in ulu ulu.
- Powdery Mildew Bar an rufe farin farin-kamar plaque. Dalilin haɓakar cutar shine yawan shayarwa da kasancewar yawan ciyayi a shafin.
Suna yaƙi da cututtuka ta hanyar fesa furanni tare da abubuwa masu ban tsoro kamar Topaz. "Strobi", "Maxim". Gardenerswararrun lambu ma sun ba da shawarar yin amfani da wasu wakilai masu ilimin halitta, kamar su "Abiga Peak", "Alirin B".
Aphids
Rage tsire-tsire masu rauni ne galibi shafawa da aphids da fararen fata. Nettle bayani yana taimakawa wajen magance aphids; ana fesa tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da su sau 1-2 a mako. Whiteflies yana taimakawa kawar da Tanrek ko Fitoferm.
Gaylardia kyakkyawan tsire-tsire ne na fure, ana iya samunsa sau da yawa a cikin gidaje masu zaman kansu da kan hanyoyi. Yana girma cikin sauri, yana haɓaka da kyau, gami da tsaba, kuma yana farantawa da furanni masu tsayi da yawa daga Yuli zuwa ƙarshen Satumba. Idan an kula da gaillardia da kyau, to, kusan ba ta da lafiya, kuma ƙwayoyin fungicides za su iya dogaro da ita daga aphids da sauran kwari. Blooming gailardia - ado na kowane lambu.
