Phlox perennial: dasa da kulawa a cikin ƙasa buɗe

Perennial phloxes sune ornamental tsire-tsire tare da inflorescences na launuka mai haske. Suna da ƙanshin ƙarfi. Na farko matakin bred a Arewacin Amurka. Da farko dai, inflorescences din fari ne kawai, sannan kuma aka samu halittar 'dan Adam. Akwai nau'ikan launuka daban-daban waɗanda suke da shuɗi, ruwan hoda, rasberi, launin ruwan hoda.

A takaice dai bayanin nau'in da nau'ikan sanannun

Tsire-tsire suna girma a cikin nau'i na karamin daji daga 10 cm zuwa 1.5 m ba ga tsawo. Gashi mai tushe kai tsaye har ma. Ganye suna m kore mai haske. Inflorescence yana da furanni da yawa, har guda 90. Suna da elongated a cikin nau'i na bututu, suna da petals biyar.

Phlox perennial

Mafi shahararrun nau'ikan suna ƙasa.

Styloid

Tsawon daji ya kai cm 40. Suna da harbe-harbe da yawa. Ganyayyaki suna da sikirin allura mai siffa.

Flowering faruwa a tsakiyar spring, inflorescences yalwatacce rufe bushes. Su fari ne, shunayya, ruwan hoda, shuɗi.

A shuka za a iya girma a cikin lambuna, gadajen fure, lawns. Bushes creeping tare da waƙoƙi suna da kyau. Lokacin barinwa, ra'ayi ba shi da mahimmanci. Matsaloli na iya faruwa ne kawai lokacin kiwo. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar zaɓi takamaiman lokacin shekara don fure ya rayu.

Phlox awl

Zubaye

Wani suna Kanada, ko kuma sako-sako. An shuka shuka. Yana da furanni na fure ko kuma shuɗi. Inflorescences suna haifar da scutellum. A gindin, an zana furannin, a fadada a gefunan. Flow yana faruwa a ƙarshen bazara, farkon lokacin bazara. Matsakaicin tsawo na daji ya kai 40 cm.

Habitat - rigar makiyaya. A cikin daji, ana samun sa ne kawai a Arewacin Amurka. A cikin aikin gona, ana amfani da perennials low-phlox don dalilai na ado. A iri-iri ne unpretentious da Hardy. Yana girma mafi kyau a tsakiyar Rasha. Yana girma mafi kyau a cikin gumi da inuwa fiye da wurin bushewa da rana.

Phlox ya zube

Harshen Kanada

Yana girma daji a cikin gandun daji tare da matsakaicin zafi. Yaushe phloxes zasu fara fure? A ƙarshen bazara, farkon lokacin bazara. Inflorescences suna da ruwan hoda, shuɗi, kore.

Furen ba shi da ma'ana, amma ana buƙatar isasshen danshi don shuka shi. Ana amfani dashi don dalilai na ado akan farfajiyar dutse, bangon furanni.

Don fure ya tsira, kasar gona dole ne yashi-loamy. Ana iya yaduwar iri-iri ta hanyar dasa wani bangare na daji ko tsaba. Itace zata yi fure har sai sanyi na farko.

Phlox canaden

Panicle

Matsakaicin tsayi na phlox shine 1 m. Yana girma a cikin yanayin yanayi, ba a bayyana shi ba. Blossoms farare ne, lemo, shuɗi, shunayya, ja. Amma akwai nau'ikan launuka masu ban sha'awa, alal misali, tare da shanyewar ratsi, rawaya mai launin ruwan hoda, iyakar rawaya da sansanonin ruwan hoda Lokacin da furanni suka fara, ƙanshi mai ƙarfi amma mai daɗi.

Itace tayi ƙasa, don haka za'a iya girma a cikin tukwane akan baranda da kuma gonar. Yawo yana faruwa a tsakiyar bazara, yana wuce har zuwa watanni biyu. Idan kun yanke wani yanki na harbe a watan Mayu, zaku iya daidaita lokacin fure. Wannan yana tsawanta lokacin ado.

Phlox paniculata

Douglas

Bayani mai ƙarancin girma, wanda ya kai girman cm 30. Furen ba shi da ma'ana, yana rayuwa da kyau a cikin hunturu. Amma, idan danshi ne da danshi, zai fara yin amai. Fulawa tana faruwa ne a tsakanin watanni 1.5. Idan ƙasa ta kasance rigar sosai, wannan lokacin zai ragu sosai.

Don yayi girma perennial dwarf phlox tare da farin furanni, ana buƙatar matsakaicin zafi, yana da kyawawa cewa akwai ƙasa da hasken rana kai tsaye. A inflorescences ne notched. Suna da rasberi, ruwan hoda, launin fari.

Phlox Douglas

Drummond

Wannan nau'in shekara-shekara ne tare da harbe-harbe. Matsakaicin tsawo na daji ya kai har zuwa rabin mita. Flow yana faruwa a tsakiyar lokacin bazara, yana ƙarewa kafin lokacin sanyi.

Launin halitta mai ja ne, amma tare da taimakon hybridization, ruwan hoda, shunayya, rawaya, fari, nau'ikan sautin biyu ya baci. Furannin furanni masu kamshi ne, aka tattara su cikin kauri-kwano. Ana tattara ƙwayoyin a cikin shambura, lokacin da suke yin fure, kowane fure yana da siffar lanceolate.

Phlox Drummond

Lokacin da phlox perennial blooms

Yawancin lambu suna da sha'awar lokacin da phloxes suka yi fure kafin dasa shuki a gonar su. Wannan lokacin ya dogara da nau'ikan:

• styloid, shimfida fadi, Kanada, Douglas - ƙarshen Afrilu, farkon Mayu;
• ya firgita - ƙarshen Yuni, farkon watan Yuli;
• Drummond - farkon fure a ƙarshen Yuli, yana ƙare kafin sanyi na farko.

Siffofin girma phlox a matsayin perennial lambu al'adu

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa da zasu iya yaduwar ciyayi.

• Yankan. Wannan shine mafi kyawun zaɓi na kiwo wanda ake amfani dashi a gida. Yawancin lambu suna amfani da shi. Yawancin rayuwar rayuwa sune waɗanda aka yanke a cikin wuraren kiwon lafiya masu sana'a. Akwai hadari a kasuwa don siyan cutukan da suka kamu.
• Maimaitawa. Yin amfani da hanyar, zaku iya yaduwar shuka ba kawai a cikin bazara ba, har ma a wasu lokuta na shekara. Don yin wannan, tanƙwara harbi na daji zuwa ƙasa kuma rufe shi da ƙasa. Tushen hankali suna bayyana. Bayan wannan, an rabu da tsarin daga mahaifiyar daji kuma a dasa shi.
• Raba daga daji. Wannan hanya ce mai wahala, saboda haka ba kowane mai lambu zai iya kulawa da shi ba. Amma sakamakon zai kasance mai ban sha'awa. Ana saukowa ƙasa a cikin bazara ko farkon kaka. Wannan yana buƙatar ɗan ƙaramin lafiya mai daji. Shekarun sa dole ne ya zama aƙalla shekaru biyar. Rarraba Tushen tsiron zuwa sassa biyu, kowannensu ya kamata ya sami tushe.
• A tsaba. Wannan ita ce mafi tsawan tsari wanda ba kowa bane zai zaba. Ana sayi tsaba a wani kantin sayar da kaya ko kuma samarwa ta kanka. Shuka su cikin faɗuwar, amma ba a cikin ƙasa buɗe ba, amma a cikin akwati tare da cakuda yashi, humus. An dasa su zuwa zurfin 2 cm. Ana sanya ƙarfin a kan titi, an rufe shi da dusar ƙanƙara da ganye. Wannan yana ba ku damar shuka daji ta hanyar dabi'a. A cikin bazara, ana tura harbe a cikin ɗakin don su fara shuka gaba.

Yanke shine mafi kyawun sake haɗa su a ƙarshen bazara. Lokacin da yafi so shine Mayu. An zabi yanayi gwargwadon sauyin yanayi inda furen zai girma. Wani lokaci don dasa perennial phlox shine Satumba. A wannan yanayin, ana kafa fure a cikin bazara. Amma yayin dasa shuki a cikin kaka bai kamata ya zama sanyi ba, in ba haka ba shuka zai mutu kafin ya ɗauki tushe.

Lokacin dasa shuki shuka a cikin ƙasa buɗe, ya zama dole don kula da nesa da aƙalla 30 cm daga juna. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa tushen zai faɗaɗa cikin faɗin ƙasa, bai kamata a haɗa su ba. Idan shuka ya yi tsayi, ya kamata a ƙara nisa zuwa 60 cm. Bayan sake sabuntawa, ya kamata a shayar da yanki, tunda shuka yana son danshi.

Soilasa don dasawa ya kamata ya kasance mai laushi na matsakaici, ya ƙunshi chernozem da yashi. Bai kamata a bushe da shi ba, in ba haka ba zaku sami ruwan hodar ta kullun domin kada su bushe.

Idan mai lambu ya zaɓi haifuwa ta hanyar dasa tsaba, ana iya sayo su a kasuwa, an umurce shi ta kan layi. Kudin yana daga 15 zuwa 50 rubles. * Ga jaka ɗaya.

Kula da gonar daga lokacin dasa shuki a cikin filin bude

Dasa kuma kula da perennial phlox ana aiwatar da su bisa ga ka'idodi.

• Watse. Nan da nan bayan an dasa, ana shayar da shuka sosai. Yawan gudanawar dole ne ya zama akalla lita 15 na ruwa ta 1 m² na plantings. Bayan ƙasa ta bushe, dole ne a kwance ta a kusa da seedling. An ƙara peat a saman tare da furen da ya kai cm 50. Ba zaku iya sau da yawa ruwa ko sassauta ƙasa, wannan zai haifar da mutuwar daji. Yin amfani da peat yana ba da damar iskar oxygen zuwa fure.
• Manyan miya, namo. Yawancin nau'in phlox suna ba da amsa ga takin da takin ma'adinai. Ana iya siyan su a kowane shago. Wannan yana hanzarta girma da haɓaka taro mai ciyawa, tushen tsarin. Lokacin da suke kwance ƙasa, suna ƙoƙari kada su lalata tushen asalin matasa, tunda suna da kyakkyawan tsari. A watan Mayu, sun fara bayar da takin ma'adinai na ruwa (mullein, drople, kaji, ammonium nitrate, takin phosphorus). A cikin yanayin bushe, ana shayar da ƙasa sosai.
• Thinning. Zuwa daji ba babba da suka wuce, an cire mai tushe da ganyayyaki. Yi shi a cikin bazara. Ana cire busasshen tsire-tsire mafi lalacewa da rauni idan sun fi tsayi cm 7. Pinching daga cikin harbe a watan Mayu zai tabbatar da ci gaba da fure.

Idan an cika duk yanayi, mai lambu yakan kula da phlox daidai, perennial zai yi fure a kowace shekara.

Wadanne matsaloli ne lambu ke da alaƙar phlox

Mafi sau da yawa, yan lambu na iya fuskantar waɗannan matsaloli lokacin girma phlox:

• kasa girma na tushe da furanni, lethargy. Yanayin bushewa, busasshiyar ƙasa da rashin zafi sune abin zargi;
• bayyanar cututtuka na cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, mildew powdery, spotting, wanda zai iya lalata fure gaba ɗaya. A cikin yaƙar cututtuka na fungicides zai taimaka;
• yalwataccen girma na yawan ciyayi tare da karamin fure. Yana faruwa saboda ba'a cire ƙarin harbe-harben ba a cikin bazara;
• ƙarancin iri ko ƙwaya ko tsiro, idan an dauko su daga uwar daji da ke ɗauke da cututtuka ko kuma karin kwari;
• talaucin rayuwa bayan dasawa. Wataƙila an zaɓi wurin da ba daidai ba ko kuma ba daidai ba ne na shekarar.

Me ya sa phlox perennial baya Bloom

Akwai matsaloli masu zuwa da ke haifar da rashin fure:

• rashin yawan ruwa, busasshiyar ƙasa lokacin da ake buɗe ƙasa;
• karancin hasken wuta, wanda yake wajibi ne ga kusan kowace shuka don samun ƙarfi don sakin furanni;
• Haske mai yawa, wanda ya bushe ciyawar, bai ƙyale shi ya yi fure ba;
• dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, wanda ke da ɗan adadin ma'adanai da abubuwan gina jiki da suka wajaba don haɓakar fure;
• rashin mulching, wanda yake shi ne yanayin zama na yau da kullun na ci gaban cuttings, harbe, tsaba;
• yawaitar nitrogen da aka yi amfani da shi don taki, wanda ke inganta haɓaka mai tushe da harbe, amma yana hana samuwar furanni.

Yadda ake ciyar da phlox don yawan fure

Don samun isasshen adadin inflorescences, ya wajaba don rage abun ciki na nitrogen a cikin ƙasa. Don yin wannan, cire duk takin da ya haɗa da wannan kayan. Da takin mai magani da ke ƙunshe da sinadarin foda da potassium. Wadannan ma'adanai suna taimakawa ga fure mai yawa. Amma suna buƙatar amfani dasu a lokacin bazara da lokacin bazara.

Cutar da kwari

Mafi yawan cututtukan cututtuka da kwari da ke kaiwa phlox perennial an bayyana su a ƙasa.

• Phomosis. Tare da cutar, ganye ganye da kuma fara juya rawaya, da mai tushe juya ja, crack. Don kawar da cutar, dole ne a yi amfani da ruwan Bordeaux. Ana amfani dashi sau hudu a rana. Aikin jiyya har zuwa kwanaki 10.
• Cutar katako Suna cin ganye da furanni. Ana iya sarrafa su tare da magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta.
• Powdery Mildew Wannan cuta ce ta fungal wacce ke fitowa a matsayin farin murfi a cikin ganyayyaki. Don cire amfani da ruwa na Bordeaux ko wasu magungunan antifungal. Don rigakafin cutar, ana bada shawara don amfani da raunin bayani na potassiumganganate, wanda aka fesa tare da tsire-tsire a cikin bazara.
• Saukar da pennies. Wani m ne wanda yake ciyar da ruwan tsirrai, yana barin danshi a jikin ganyen. Intavir yana taimakawa.
• Spotting. Tare da wata cuta, launin shuɗi ko rawaya mai launin shuɗi a cikin ganyayyaki. Don magani, ana amfani da ruwa Bordeaux a maida hankali akan 1%.

Hanyoyin magani na dabam ana amfani da su wanda zai ba ku damar shuka shuka ba tare da amfani da sinadarai masu cutarwa ga mahallin da mutane ba:

• yayyafa kasar gona da harbe tare da toka;
• spraying tare da sabulu bayani (15 g na jan karfe na sulfate da 10 l na ruwa, ƙara rabin wani yanki na sabul ɗin wanki a cikin 8 l na ruwan zafi, haɗa komai);
• spraying tare da diluted 1% soda ash gauraye da wani maganin sabulu mai wanki;
• fesawa tare da hydrogen peroxide. Ana amfani da vial a cikin guga na ruwa kuma sakamakon abin da ke haifar da shi an zuba shi cikin ƙasa don hana bayyanar nematode.

* Farashin kuɗi don Yuli na 2019.