Orcid oncidium: iri, kulawa ta gida

Oncidium asalin halittar herbaceous perennials ne na dangin Orchidaceae. Yankunan rarraba Tsakiyar da Kudancin Amurka, kudu da Florida, Antilles.

Wakilan wannan nau'in halittar epiphytes ne, amma akwai nau'ikan lithophytes da tsire-tsire na ƙasa. Furanni suna kama da barkatai masu fashewa daga pupae. Saboda haka, akan oncidium ana kuma kiransa dolo masu rawa.

Daban-daban na oncidium da fasali a cikin kulawa

Akwai nau'ikan orchids na oncidium sama da 700, baya ga nau'ikan iri.

Sun bambanta da launi na furanni da lokacin da aka kirkiro su, da yawan zafin jiki na abun ciki da sauran wasu fasaloli.

Dubawa	Bayanin	Furanni, lokacin da suke yin fure	Yawan zazzabi
			Lokacin rani	Hunturu
Asu	Rawaya mai launin rawaya-kore tare da tsarin marmara. Pseudobulb yana ba da ɗayan suttura ɗaya tsawon shekaru.	Ja-mai launin ruwan kasa, aibobi masu launin lemun tsami, lebe mai launin shuɗi tare da fatarar launin ruwan kasa. M malam buɗe ido-kamar da eriya. Agusta - Satumba. Makonni 2-3.	+ 25 ... +30 ° C	+ 15 ... +19 ° C
Lanza	Ganyayyaki masu launin fata, kore mai haske, tare da ƙananan ɗigon kofi a gefuna.	Olive, tare da ƙananan aibobi masu launin ruwan hoda (5 cm), lebe - fari-ruwan hoda. M ƙanshi mai daɗi. Satumba - farkon Oktoba.
Brindle	Yana girma zuwa 1 m 2-3 ganye mai launin fata.	Red-launin ruwan kasa, tare da babban lebe mai rawaya. A watan Satumba - Disamba na tsawon wata guda.	+20 ... +25 ° C	+ 12 ... +16 ° C
Kyawawan kyau	Babban (har zuwa 1.5 m). Bar ganye girma daga kwan fitila guda, madaidaiciya da m. Launi - kore mai zurfi tare da shunayya mai ruwan hoda.	Haske mai haske (8 cm). Nuwamba - Disamba.
Twisty	Dogon, yada, ganye kore mai zurfi.	Yellowan rawaya. Satumba - farkon Oktoba.	Har zuwa +22 ° C	+ 7 ... +10 ° C
Warty	Babban (har zuwa 1.5 m). Rage haske koren ganye. Mai kwalliya mai yawa (har zuwa 100 inji mai kwakwalwa).	Canary launi tare da furucin ja-launin ruwan kasa. Agusta - Satumba.
Dadi Mai Dadi	Karamin Daga kwan fitila tam guga man juna, ba fiye da ganye 2 girma, hue kore haske.	Zinare (3 cm). Janairu - Disamba. Sau biyu tsawon sati biyu.	+ 14 ... +25 ° C Ji mai girma a waje.	+ 10 ... +22 ° C
Twinkle	Karamin Mai da yawa (sama da 100).	Fari, mai haske rawaya, ruwan hoda, ja mai duhu (1.5 cm). Tasiri vanilla mai daɗi. Janairu - Disamba. Sau biyu a shekara.

Yanayin gabaɗaya don girma oncidium

Kula da oncidium orchid yana tattare da ƙirƙirar, idan zai yiwu, yanayin da ke kusa da na halitta.

Matsayi	Yanayi
Wuri	Kudu, kudu maso gabas windows. Jirgin sama na yau da kullun na ɗakin. A lokacin rani, wurin zama a waje.
Haske	Haske warwatse. Kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Shekarar shekara-shekara tsawon awanni 10-12. A cikin hunturu, backlighting tare da phytolamps.
Haushi	50-70%. A ranakun zafi da lokacin dumama hunturu, a fesa a hankali ba tare da hulɗa da furanni ba. Humarfafa jiki ta amfani da na'urori na musamman, daskararren laka a cikin kwanon. Tsayawa lokacin da zazzabi ya sauka kasa +18 ° C.
Manyan miya	Tare da haɓaka mai aiki bayan bayyanar peduncle, taki don orchids. Don tushen - rage sashi sau 2, foliar - by 10 sau. Madadin, ciyarwa don makonni 2-3. Lokacin buɗe launuka, tsaida.

Siffofin shayarwa

Itace mai girma yayin girma aiki - sau ɗaya a kowane mako 1-2. Babu aiki - sau ɗaya a kowane watanni 1-2. (bincika madadin bushewa - 10 cm).

Tsari:

An shirya akwati na ruwa mai dumi (dan kadan ya fi ƙarfin zafin jiki ɗakin).
A nutsar da tukunyar orchid a awa ɗaya.
Suna fitar da shi daga cikin ruwa, ya bar shi magudana ya bushe shi.

Lokacin da sabon pseudobulb ya bayyana, an gama ruwa. Lokacin ƙirƙirar peduncle (bayan wata daya), yi kamar yadda aka saba. Bayan fure, kafin lokacin yayi, datsa.

Saukowa

Orchid baya son damuwa. Saboda haka, dasa ne da za'ayi kawai a cikin wadannan lamurran: overgrowing na tukunyar filawa, Rotting daga cikin tushen, lalacewar da substrate. Ana aiwatar dashi, a matsayin doka, bayan shekaru 3-4.

Soilauki ƙasa don orchids ko shirya shi da kanka: ƙananan gutsuttsun haushi, gawayi, kwakwalwan peat, yankakken moss-sphagnum (daidai gwargwado).
Don hana abin mamaki, ƙara sandar kogin da aka bushe, baƙin alli, ƙyallen burodi (10%). Bakara (tururi, a cikin tanda).
An cire orchid, an nitsar cikin ruwa na tsawon awanni 3.
Yanke duk tushen da ya lalace, yanke sassan tare da gawayi da gawayi. Bar don ɗan lokaci don bushewa.
Aauki tukunyar filastik mai faɗi da ramuka. Cika shi da murfin yanki na 1/3 (yumɓu mai laushi, tsinke), wanda aka shirya tare da substrate (3 cm).
An sanya tsohuwar pseudobulb na orchid ɗin kimanin 2 cm daga gefen kwandon, kuma an miƙa ƙaramin zuwa cibiyar.
Isara yana ƙara, yana barin pseudobulbs mai danko ya fita ta uku, rufe su da moss ɗin danshi.
A cikin mako guda, ba a shayar da shuka ba.

Kiwo

Oncidium orchid ana yadu dashi ta hanyoyi guda biyu: amfani da kwan fitila ko rarrabe daji.

Bulba

Idan shuka yana da kwararan fitila guda shida ko fiye, ana rabasu 3 3 a bangarorin biyu tare da wuka mai kaifi Yanka da yayyafa da gawayi. Oncidium ba'a shayar da shi ba kafin (bayan kwanaki 7).

Raba Bush

A kowane gefen 3 an fitar da sprouts guda biyu.

Wani lokaci inji da kanta yana ba da ɗan ƙaramin matasa na harbi, an cire shi daga cikin mahaifiyar shuka.

Kuskure da mafitarsu, cututtuka, kwari

Orchid na iya yin rashin lafiya idan ba ku bi ka'idodin kulawa ba.

Bayyanannun ganye a jikin ganyayyaki, da dai sauransu.	Dalili	Magani
Lalata.	Waterlogging. Excessarin yashin danshi ya tara a wurin girma da cikin ganuwar ganyen.	Normalize watering.
Samuwar launin aibobi.	Kwayar cuta ko cutar fungal.	An cire sassan da ke lalacewa, ana magance cutukan gawayi. Theara mita da yawa. A kwance dakin.
Puzzering, gami da kwararan fitila, bushewar tukwici.	Rashin ruwa, busasshiyar iska.	Airƙiri rayuwa mai laushi.
Fitowar fararen tabo, shima kan furanni.	Ciyar da takin zamani.	Daidai ciyar.
Yellowing da faduwar furanni.	Rana mai haske.	Mai lura.
Bayyanar mold, Tushen launin ruwan kasa, gamsai, danshi a jikin ganye da tushe.	Tushen rot.	An cire wuraren da cutar ta shafa. Ana sarrafa baƙi. An dasa shuka, ana shayar da su lokaci-lokaci tare da foundationazole.
Samuwar farin ruwa aibobi, gami da sabbin kwararan fitila.	Na kwayan cuta rot.	An yanke sassan da abin ya shafa, ana bi da su da ƙwayar Bordeaux. Bayan makonni 3, maimaita.
Rufe kwan fitila tare da dunƙule mai laushi, farin fararen auduga.	Mealybug.	Sanya kumburin sabulu daga sabulu mai wanki na awa 1. Feshi tare da Actar na miyagun ƙwayoyi, rufe shuka tare da kunshin don kwanaki 3.
Blanching na baya, bayyanar cobwebs.	Spider mite.	Shafa maganin da ruwan-sabulu. Bayan mintuna 30, zube sosai kuma fesa, saka jaka. Sarrafawa ta Actellik, Actar.