Guernia - girma da kulawa a gida, nau'in hoto

Guernia (Huernia) - shuka mai yaduwa na dangin Doves, suna zaune a cikin daskararrun yankuna na Afirka da Arabia da kuma a kan windows windows na mai son lambu. A yanayi, akwai nau'ikan tsire-tsire kimanin 50. Wurin haifuwar guernia shine Kudu da Gabashin Afirka.

A kan aiwatar da girma, guernia ya samar da nau'ikan fure mai launin fatar daga 5 cm zuwa 1.5 m tsawo. Harbe yana iya zama mai ban tsoro, drooping ko madaidaiciya, a cikin mafi yawan jinsunan ana fentin su a cikin launi mai haske ko kuma suna da fuskoki da yawa. A lokacin furanni, inflorescences mai tauraro mai matsakaici tare da sepals na burgundy mai zurfi ko launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, wanda aka yi wa ado da tsiri, aibobi, tatsuniyoyi ko shanyewar jiki, sun bayyana akan mai tushe.

Hakanan, tabbata cewa kula da tsire-tsire iri-iri.

Guernia: kulawar gida. A takaice

Kula Guernia a gida. Daki-daki

Gudun ruwa mai gudana

Guernia a gida yawanci yana fure a lokacin rani. A wannan lokacin, furanni guda 32 suna bayyana akan mai tushe, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin inflorescences na 2-8 guda. Furen na guernia ana yin shi da sepals a keɓe a waje kuma a gasa tare, tare da sansanoninsu suna shiga babban bututu.

Canza launin furanni, a matsayin mai mulkin, shine maroon ko rawaya mai launin rawaya, za a iya yin ado da sepals tare da raɗaɗi mai haske, shanyewar fuka-fukai, saƙo, aibobi, da sauransu. Itatuwan tsire-tsire suna fitar da wari mara dadi na naman da ake jujjuyawa.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Dankin yana thermophilic, a lokacin tsawon girma yana jin daɗi musamman jin daɗin iska mai + 22- + 27 ° С. Guernia na iya jure ma zafin zafi mai zafi, amma a lokaci guda harbe ta ya yi sanyi, furanni da sauri suka bushe suka fadi.

Don littafin fure fure na guernia kuna buƙatar hunturu mai sanyi.

Zazzabi iska a cikin dakin da shuka yake hutawa a cikin sanyi ya kamata + 15- + 18 ° С.

Fesa

Guernia yana jin daɗaɗɗa a ƙananan zafi, sabili da haka, baya buƙatar ƙarin spraying. Wannan za'a iya yinsa lokaci-lokaci don dalilai na tsabta, don cire ƙura da datti daga harbe, yalwataccen danshi ya kamata a cire shi nan da nan tare da adiko na goge baki.

Haske

Dankin yana da hoto, shekara-shekara yana buƙatar kullun haske, amma haske ya bazu. Koyaya, hasken rana kai tsaye yana "maraba" by guernia kawai a safiya da maraice, a wasu lokuta zasu iya barin ƙonewa mai zurfi akan mai tushe.

Zai fi kyau a sanya Guernia akan windowsill ko gabas. Idan ka sanya tukunya da tsiro a taga ta arewa, mai tushe zai shimfiɗa ta a dalilin rashin haske, kuma bazai yuwu faruwa ba. Guernias da ke zaune a kan windows windows tabbas inuwa daga faɗuwar rana.

Lokacin da kake kula da shuka, yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa yana “amfani dashi” zuwa wani bangaran haske. Juya da matsar da shi daga wuri zuwa wuri ba da shawarar ba, in ba haka ba haɗarin rasa duknda aka kafa ta guernia yana da girma.

Guernia Watering

A lokacin bazara-lokacin bazara, ana shayar da shuka sosai, yana hana ruwa kwarara da tururuwa a cikin ƙasa. Yawan ruwa a lokacin ciyayi mai aiki shine lokaci 1 cikin kwanaki 10-15. Guernia na cikin gida yana buƙatar ɗan gajeren lokacin bushewa. Don tsara irin waɗannan yanayi mata, sikirin da ke tsakanin ban ruwa ya lalace kamar rabin.

Tare da farko na lokacin dormant, watering yana iyakance ga mafi ƙarancin: moisten kasar gona ba fiye da 1 lokaci na wata daya. A ƙarshen lokacin hutawa, ƙasa a cikin tukunya tare da guernia na iya bushewa sosai har ya daina ɗaukar danshi. Don "ruwa" mai shuka a cikin irin wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar nutsar da tukunya a cikin akwati mai zurfi cike da ruwa tsawon rabin sa'a. Bayan an ba da izinin ruwa a magudanar kuma sanya fure a wurin.

Ana yin aikin ban ruwa mai zuwa ta hanyar al'ada.

Tukunyar Guernia

Containeraƙƙarfan akwati na tushen tushen guernia shine ɗakin kwana mai faffada da fadi tare da rami mai ɗora don cire danshi mai laima. Tushen ba ya girma sosai lokacin kakar, saboda haka ba kwa buƙatar zaɓar tukunya mai sarari sosai, diamitarsa ​​ya kamata ya zama kaɗan santimita wanda ya fi girma da girman tushen tsarin shuka.

Kasar

Amsar don girma guernia ya kamata ya kasance sako-sako, iska-danshi-permeable, alkaline dan kadan. Kuna iya zaɓar cakuda ƙasa mai dacewa daga zaɓuɓɓukan masana'antu waɗanda aka yi nufin succulents da cacti, ko shirya shi da kanka daga yashin kogin (perlite), takardar da yumɓun yumɓu, peat da gawayi (tsakuwa).

Abubuwan da ke cikin substrate ana ɗauka su a cikin rabo na 3: 2: 2: 2: 1. Kafin dasa shuki a tsirrai, wani lokacin farin ciki mai magudanar ruwa ya zama tilas an zuba shi a kasan tukunyar don hana yaduwar danshi a cikin ƙasa.

Taki da taki

An ba da shawarar Guernia kawai a ciyar da ita a cikin lokacin ciyayi: sau ɗaya a wata, ta yin amfani da takin mai magani "don cacti da succulents." Yayin sauran, an dakatar da saka kayan miya gaba daya.

Guernia dashi

An dasa ƙwayar matasa a kowace shekara a cikin watanni na bazara kafin samuwar inflorescences. Ana aiwatar da juyawa daga ciki na Guernia, wanda ya kai shekaru mafi balaguro, kowane shekaru 2-3.

An bada shawara don haɗuwa da wannan hanya tare da sabuntawar shuka: ya kamata a cire tsoffin busassun bushewa, ya bar kawai ƙananan matasa - za su iya ba da mafi yawan adadin inflorescences a cikin sabuwar kakar.

Mai jan tsami

Ba lallai ba ne kuma har ma da haɗari a yanka mai da albarkatu na guernia wannan na iya tayar da ci gaban rot da ƙari mutuwar shuka. Idan ya cancanta, za a iya cire cire harbe ko da yaushe lokaci-lokaci a hankali.

Lokacin hutawa

Kulawar Guernia a gida ya haɗa da tsara lokacin dormant na shekara a cikin watanni na hunturu. A wannan lokacin, ana canza shuka zuwa dakin sanyi, mai haske sosai. Rage ruwa a watan Nuwamba da Fabrairu an rage girman su (har zuwa lokaci 1 a kowane wata), kuma a watan Disamba da Janairu an dakatar dasu gaba daya.

Girma guernia daga tsaba

Guungiyar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar kwayar cuta ke yaduwa ta zuriya maimakon a ɗanɗana a gida, tunda wannan tsari yana cike da zafi da ɗaukar lokaci. Koyaya, abu ne mai yiwuwa a sami sabon shuka ta wannan hanyar, suna yin hakan kamar haka: a cikin bazara ana shuka iri a cikin akwati tare da cakuda yashi, yayyafa shi da ruwa mai dumi kuma an rufe shi da polyethylene ko gilashi.

A cikin ɗumi mai ɗumi a ƙarƙashin hasken wutar lantarki, tsire-tsire suna bayyana bayan kusan wata guda. Ya kamata a riƙa sanya iska a kai a kai a kai a kai kuma a kiyaye ta daga abubuwan da ba ta dace ba har theajin ba suyi rot ba.

Lokacin da tsire-tsire suka sami ƙarfi, ana shuka su cikin tukwane na mutum kuma ci gaba da kulawa kamar samfuran manya.

Guernia yaduwa ta hanyar yanke

Guernia yana iya sauƙaƙe ta hanyar kara cuttings. An dasa kayan shuka daga mahaifiyar shuka tare da wuka mai kaifi kuma a bar su bushe don 'yan kwanaki. Ana dasa shuki da aka shirya cikin cakuda yashi da yashi.

Tushen mai ƙarfi yana bayyana a cikin makonni 1.5, bayan wannan za'a iya dasa shukar matasa a cikin tukwane na mutum. Don wani lokaci, ba za a shayar da seedlings ba don kada su fara rot. Idan an shirya itace kuma ya kafe sosai, zai iya yin fure kusan watanni 10-12 bayan dasa shuki.

Cutar da kwari

Guernia baya jin tsoron cututtuka da kwari da yawa, tunda yana da matukar kariya. A gare ta, kawai rot na harbe da asalinsu, tasowa daga yawan wuce haddi, yana da ha ari da gaske. Wasu kurakurai a cikin kulawa zasu iya haifar da rashin ingantacciyar lafiya da bayyanar da shuka. Daga cikinsu akwai:

• Gashi mai tushe ne - wataƙila, waɗannan sune kunar rana a jiki, inji yana buƙatar cire shi daga gilashi kuma tabbatar da inuwa a cikin rana daga rana mai tsananin haske.
• Ernan sandunan Guernia sun rasa haske saboda karancin hasken wuta. Sau da yawa ana ganin wannan sabon abu a cikin hunturu, wanda a cikin yanayin ya kamata ku tsara fitilar fure ta fure ta amfani da fitilu.
• Guernia harbe ne na bakin ciki da elongated, idan kasar da aka dasa ta a ciki ta cika ta da abinci. Ya kamata a ciyar da shuka da takin da ya dace.
• Guernia ba ya yin fure lokacin da hasken wutar lantarki ke rikita shi ta hanyar tsari ko kuma shuka ba shi da abinci mai gina jiki. Domin buds ya sake bayyana a kan mai tushe, ya wajaba don kawar da kurakurai a cikin kula da shi.
• Whitish Bloom a kan shuka - alama ce game da shan kashi na guernia da mealybug. Hanya mafi inganci don kawar da ita shine amfani da magunguna na zamani tare da kayyakin kwari.

Sauran kwari da guernia ba su da sha'awar.

Iri gida guernia tare da hotuna da sunaye

Guernia taguwar (Huernia zebrina)

Varietyarancin iri-iri mai girma tare da mai tushe ba tsayin 10 cm ba. .An buɗe ido sun yi daidai, koren haske ko burgundy. Furanni babba ne, baƙon abu bane: tubular maroon pharynx ya wuce zuwa zoben da yake ɗauka iri ɗaya, ya lulluɓe da kabarin, ya haɗa cikin tauraro 5 mai nunawa. Petals lemun tsami a cikin wani tsage mai burgundy.

Guernia na Kenya (Huernia keniensis)

Tsarin-matsakaici mai girma-mai girma tare da harbe-fure game da tsawon cm 30. Mai tsayi tsinkaye, hasken kore mai launi. A sepals na furanni suna kusan gabaɗaya, samar da wata babbar mazurari, suna fentin a cikin wani ruwan hoda-burgundy launi.

M Guernia (Huernia aspera)

Itaciyar mai matsakaici mai tsayi game da 20 cm, tana da harbe-kere na bakin ciki na launin kore mai laushi da manyan furanni masu burgundy masu launin ja a kamannin tauraron 5 da aka nuna.

Guernia primrose (Huernia primulina)

Shortan gajeren, haɓaka mai girma sosai tare da mai tushe ba tsayin cm 10 ba. An toshe kabarin furanni a waje, ana kuma fentin su da launin ruwan hoda mai ruwan shuɗi, ruwan hoda mai ruwan shuɗi-ja a gindinsu.

Guernia rataye (Huernia Pendula)

Babbar shuka ta ampel tare da drooping mai tushe har tsawon mita 1.5. Harbe da wani Silinda siffar, fentin a ruwan hoda-greenish tint. Furanan furanni ne, masu kamannin tauraro, masu launin ja-burgundy.

Guernia farashi (Huernia hystrix)

Smallananan kananan nau'ikan da ke yin fure mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi ba fiye da tsawon cm 12. pangarorin fure-fure suna kama da "mazaunin tsuntsaye" akan bututu mai fadi. Fushin corolla yana da burgundy a cikin ƙaramin tsagi mai tsayi, duka an rufe shi da ƙarancin girma, papillae, wanda yasa furen ya fito da farashi.

Guernia boleana

Itataccen tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire masu launin shuɗi-madaidaiciya mai tushe kusan tsawon cm 10. Furen an yi tauraro mai kamannin hoto, rawaya mai launin shuɗi, gaba ɗaya na sepals an rufe shi da tufka mai maroon.