Dracaena - kulawa ta gida, haifuwa, hoto

A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, dracaena (Dracaena) tana haɓaka a cikin ɗakunan dumi na Kudancin Amurka, gabashin da tsakiyar Afirka, Indiya da tsibirin Canary. Wasu nau'in dracaena a cikin mahaifarsu sun kai tsayi har zuwa m 3. Dracaena na iyali ne - bishiyar asparagus.

Don girma a cikin wani gida na birni, an zaɓi nau'in dwarf - ƙananan tsire-tsire daga 30 zuwa 90 cm tsayi. Wadannan m dracaena girma a hankali - ba fiye da 15 cm a kowace shekara.

Tare da kyakkyawan kulawa, "itacen dabbar" (abin da ake kira shuka) yana rayuwa daga shekaru 5 zuwa 15, ya danganta da nau'in Botanical, wanda yawansu ya fi ɗari.

Dracaena tana da daɗin ɗanɗano fure mai sauƙi: ƙananan fararen furanni a sarari suna buɗewa da daddare, suna yin ƙaramar ƙanshi mai daɗi koyaushe. Wani banbanci shine m dracaena, wanda ke fitar da filayen sako-furanni masu launin furanni masu launin shuɗi tare da ƙanshin mai daɗi a kan shinge.

Tabbatar da duba wata irin shuka - nolin.

	Dracaena tana girma a hankali, 10-15 cm a shekara.
	Kusan baya yin fure a gida. Darajar ta ta'allaka ne da ganyayyaki.
	Itace mai sauki tayi girma. Ya dace da sabon shiga.
	Perennial shuka.

M Properties na dracaena

A cikin ɗakunan birni, rawar dracaena ba kawai tana ado cikin ciki ba. Manyan ganyenta sun mayar da carbon dioxide zuwa oxygen yayin daukar hoto. Dracaena tana sha da iska mai kazamar toluene, formaldehyde, ammoniya ta hanyar pores na numfashi.

A kan "exhale" dracaena bar moisturize iska, saki abubuwa da kwayoyin da ke lalata pathogens.

Kula da dracaena a gida. A takaice

Domin shuka ya tabbatar da kyakkyawan yanayin, ba don cutarwa ba, kuma ya daidaita iska tare da samfurori masu canzawa, ya wajaba don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai dacewa a kansa. Dracaena tana jin daɗin rayuwa a cikin ɗaki mai windows wanda ke fuskantar gabas ko yamma.

Ya kamata walƙiya ya yaɗu, shuka ba ya yarda da hasken rana kai tsaye. Nisa mafi kyawun nesa daga taga shine 1.0 ... 2.0 m. Ba a son shi don rufe dracaena - ganye ya zama launin shuɗi. Dokar ba ta amfani da ire-iren ire-ire wanda ganyen su masu duhu kore ne.

Babban shawarwari don zaɓar ingantattun yanayi don dracaena.

Zazzabi	18-23 ° C a duk shekara. A cikin hunturu, shuka yana iya yin tsayayya da + 13 ° C (ba tare da yin ruwa ba).
Jin zafi	Itace baya yarda da bushewar iska: ana bada shawarar fesa ganye sau 2 a mako. A cikin hunturu, wajibi ne don motsa tukunya tare da dracaena zuwa nesa na akalla 1.0 m daga radiators na tsakiya.
Watse	Itatuwan tsire-tsire masu ƙauna suna buƙatar yawan shayarwa: a lokacin rani - sau 1-2 a mako, a cikin hunturu ɗan lokaci kaɗan - kusan sau 1 cikin kwanaki 10. Ya kamata a lura da daidaitaccen ma'auni - a cire ruwan dracaena ba tare da wuce kima ba.
Dracaena na farko	Abinda ya fi dacewa na ƙasa shine ƙasa mai kyau, peat, yashi mai nauyi, gwargwado (3: 1: 1). Tsarin malalewa na wajibi na ƙananan tsakuwa ko baƙaƙe (3-4 cm).
Taki da taki	A lokacin rani (a lokacin lokacin aiki mai ƙarfi), sau ɗaya a kowane mako 2 sukan ba da kayan miya da takin mai narkewa.
Juyawa	Lokacin da tushen ya cika tukunya, ana yin juyawa - a cikin Maris / Afrilu, kowane shekaru 2-3.
Yankin Dracaena	Babban hanyar - a lokacin girma girma (a cikin bazara), kara ko apical cuttings suna kafe a cikin ƙasa substrate ko ruwa. Hanyar yaduwa ta dracaena ta tsaba ba'a da amfani da shi.
Siffofin Girma	Don bayar da kwalliyar ado, an kafa shuka ta hanyar pruning - rage gawurtaccen ƙarfe mai tsayi (tushe saman), gajarta ƙarshen bushe na ganyayyaki. Yana da amfani sosai don goge ganyen tare da zane mai laushi daga ƙura.

Kula da dracaena a gida. Daki-daki

Gudun ruwa

A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, Dracaena ke shudewa a duk 'yan shekaru, a cikin microclimate na wucin gadi na wani gida na birni - har ma fiye da haka. Ganin bambancin nau'in, furanni sun bambanta da launi: ƙananan furanni masu launin shuɗi tare da inuwa mai haske ko inuwa suna tattarawa a cikin inflorescences na kwance.

Suna buɗewa da dare kuma suna cika ɗakin da ƙanshin, ƙanshin wari musamman na dracaena. A karkashin yanayi mai kyau, an ɗaure 'ya'yan itace - Berry.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Itace daga latitude kudu, dracaena na gida bata son sanyi. Zai fi kyau a kula da yawan zafin jiki baya ƙasa da + 18 ° С. Wasu nau'ikan wannan shuka sun fito ne daga yankuna tare da canjin yanayin duniya, inda canjin zafin jiki yake da mahimmanci. Don haka kamfani mai ban sha'awa a cikin zafin jiki na + 12 ° C.

A cikin hunturu, shara dracaena ya kamata a iyakance!

A lokacin rani, don ƙara rigakafi (don taurara), ya kamata a fitar da tsire don zuwa iska mai kyau.

Spraying dracaena

Furen Dracaena a gida yana kula sosai da laima. Don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau, ana bada shawarar rigar ƙasa.

fesa sau 2 a mako;
goge ganye tare da zane mai bushe;
amfani da humidifier a cikin dakin.

A cikin hunturu, tukunya da dracaena ya kamata a nisanta su da batirin dumama na tsakiya, wanda ke bushe iska sosai.

Haske

Dracaena tana son hasken rana, amma ya kamata a rarraba. Mafi kyau ga tsire-tsire masu girma sune windows zuwa gabas ko yamma, inda babu rana - haskoki kai tsaye suna haifar da ƙonewa a cikin ganyayyaki. Har ila yau, tsire-tsire na inuwa ba sa son.

Tsire-tsire masu launin shuɗi mai duhu ɗaya na ganye ba su da ƙima ga rashin walƙiya, kuma nau'ikan nau'ikan sun ɓace yayin ado - launin launin farantin ganye yana launin toka.

Duk nau'ikan dracaena, ba tare da togiya ba, dole ne a lokaci-lokaci jigilar su dangane da yanayin hasken. In ba haka ba, ana kafa tsire-tsire tare da kututturen fure da kambi mai gefe daya.

Watering dracaena

Dracaena yana da matukar damuwa ga yawan wuce haddi da rashin ruwa: yakamata a kula da danshi na ƙasa - ƙwanƙolin ƙasa a cikin tsaka-tsakin tsakanin ban ruwa ya kamata ya bushe na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Yawan ruwa mai yawa yana haifar da matsananciyar iskar oxygen da kuma lalata tushen, wanda ke barazanar mutuwar shuka.

A lokacin rani, dracaena a gida ya kamata a shayar da shi sau 2 a mako, a cikin hunturu tsaka-tsakin tazara tsakanin shayarwa ya ragu zuwa lokaci 1 a cikin kwanaki 10-12.

Alamar farko na rashin danshi shine drooping ganye, tare da rashin ruwa akai akai, an ganyaye ƙananan ganyen, an rufe shi da ɗigon duhu, sannan ya zama rawaya ya mutu.

Tukunyar Dracaena

Lokacin zabar jita-jita don girma dracaena, kayan ba shi da mahimmanci, babban abu shine siffar saboda tsarin tushen tsarin. A cikin tsire-tsire na wannan dangi, Tushen sun yi kama da tushe tare da ƙananan rassan gefen.

Yi jita-jita don dasa dracaena ya zama mai girma wanda ya sa tushen kyauta ba tare da murdiya tsaye ba. Ya juya cewa zabi na tukunya ya dogara da shekarun shuka, misali, tsawon tushe. Kowane akwati dole ne ya kasance da rami na magudana.

Dracaena na farko

"Tree Tank" ne sosai unpretentious, babban abin bukata shine ya zama abun da za'a iya hadawa da shi dan hade da dan karamin acid din. Ba shi da wahala kaɗaɗɗen kai tsaye ta hanyoyi masu kyau: ƙasar daga gonar / lambarka (sassan 3), yashi (1 sashi), ganyen humus (1 sashi) da peat (ɓangaren 1).

Ruwan ƙazanta na wajibi ne - wani yanki na murɗaɗɗen roba, baƙaƙen ko wasu kayan 3-4 cm lokacin farin ciki ana zuba akan tukunyar don magudanar ruwa.

Taki da taki

Hanya mafi sauki don ciyar da dracaena shine saya takaddun takaddun ruwa mai narkewa mai taken "don tsire-tsire masu zafi-mai ƙauna" kuma bi shawarwarin akan marufi don sashi da kuma yawan amfani.

Dracaena tana cinye abubuwan gina jiki a lokacin girma, a lokacin bazara - daga Yuli zuwa Agusta, ana buƙatar ciyar da sau 2 a wata.

A cikin lokacin sanyi kuma a cikin hunturu, ana rage yawan suttura zuwa lokaci 1 na wata daya, amma a yanayin zafi ƙasa da + 15 ° C ba ayi su kwata-kwata.

Juyawar Dracaena

Dracaena yana buƙatar dasawa yayin da tushen ke tsiro. Itatuwa a cikin shekaru 2-3 yana cika ɗaukar tukunya da asalinsu.

Don ci gaba mai nasara, furen yana buƙatar ƙarin ƙarfin wuta da zurfin dasawa: idan Tushen ba su da inda za su yi girma, dracaena ita ma za ta rage ci gaba, wanda nan da nan ke nuna kanta a cikin lalata a cikin bayyanar.

Mai jan tsami

Kyakkyawan ra'ayi na dracaena ana samu ta hanyar samuwar. A cikin ba sosai sharadi gwargwado (rashin haske, misali), da shuka stretches. Kyakkyawan mafita ga matsalar shine samar da kayan amfanin gona. Trimmed mai tushe da fi sune kayan yankan yankan tushen.

Idan hutu ne

Ba za a iya barin dracaena mara ma'ana ba cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Ko da a ganinku cewa furenku ya bushe, wannan ba haka ba ne: dracaena don irin wannan yanayin mai kara yana da huhun barcin da ke girma yayin shayarwa. Ba shi yiwuwa a cika tsire "tare da ajiyar" da ruwa kafin a tafi - ƙura da yawa a cikin ƙasa yana haifar da juyawar asalin sa.

Idan baza ku iya ba da lokacin da yawa don dracaena ko sau da yawa barin gida, dracaena ya dace muku - kula da gida don wannan fure mai sauki ne.

Yankin Dracaena

Lokacin da ake kiwo Dracaena, ana amfani da hanyoyi 2 - ciyayi (ta hanyar grafting) da iri.

Cuttingsayoyi masu gangara tare da sassan ɓoyayyen da suka ragu bayan ƙirƙirar aski na daji suna da sauƙin sauƙaƙe kuma girma growan wasu tsirrai don yin ado gidan. Mafi nasara nasarar dasa faruwa a cikin bazara. Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na al'ada:

Kara yana kafe a cikin ruwa talakawa tare da hade da kwamfutar hannu guda 1 na gawayi wanda zai kunna ya lalata ayyukan sa.
An shuka itace da aka shuka a cikin yashin rigar 1/3 na tsawon kuma ƙirƙirar mini-greenhouse, an rufe shi da fim.

Mafi kyawun yanayin zafin jiki shine + 25 ° C. A ƙananan yanayin zafi, grafting mai wuya.

Yankin "itacen dabbar" ta zuriyarsa bai zama ruwan dare gama gari - wani tsawan tsayi wani lokaci yakan ɗauki shekara 1/2: ana tsabtace tsaba tsawon kwanaki 5 sannan kuma a tsiro da kayan abinci a zazzabi + 28 ° C.

Cutar da kwari

A lokacin narkarda dracaena, mai sayad da furanni na iya haduwa da alamun bayyanar cututtuka mara dadi.

Brown launin toka akan ganyen dracaena - alama ce ta halayyar rashin ruwa. Saboda haka shuka reacts to rare watering da kasa iska zafi.
Ganyayyaki masu launin masu launin shuɗi. a cikin wadancan tsirrai da basa rasa hasken wuta don cikakken samar da chlorophyll.
Tukwici da gefuna na dracaena ganye bushe - Matsalar iska mai ban sha'awa daga radiyo na tsakiyar ɗakin da ke kusa.
Ganyen murkushe dracaena mai laushi - Tabbatacciyar alamar rashin zafi, a cikin ɗakin yana da sanyi ga shuka mai ƙauna da zafi.
Rushewa daga cikin tushen tsarin ta fito ne daga ruwa mai tsauri a cikin kasar. Wannan na iya faruwa tare da wuce gona da iri da kuma magudanan ruwa mara kyau a cikin tanki mai sauka.
Haske bushe-bushe akan ganyen dracaena ya bayyana a matsayin sakamakon kunar rana a jiki.
Saurin barin ganye Dracaena mafi yawan lokuta yakan faru ne saboda yawan danshi a cikin dakin sanyi.
Yellowing na ƙananan ganye a cikin dracaena, wanda ke biye da bushewa da faɗuwa, al'ada ce ta "yanayin da ya shafi shekaru" a cikin tsofaffi, kayan aikin foliage suna sabuntawa koyaushe.

Daga cikin kwari, Dracaena tana fuskantar barazanar ganye kawai (cin ɗanɗano gizo, scabies, mealybug mealybugs) da ganye-tsotsa (aphids, thrips). Ba sa wakiltar haɗarin mutum ga shuka, amma suna lalata tasirin ado kuma suna raunana daji.

Iri dracaena na gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

Yanke dracaena

Mafi mashahuri ra'ayi tsakanin lambu. M tsire-tsire masu unpreentious tare da ganye kore duhu kore ke tsiro da sauri sosai, lokacin da aka datsa, ya girma. Manyan tsire-tsire suna ƙawata ofisoshi da sarari da kuma wuraren zama.

Dracaena Derema

Mafi tsufa na dracenes - a cikin ƙasa girma har zuwa 4-5 m. Lanceolate ganye na duhu kore launi iya kai mita 1.5 a tsawon. A cikin karamin shuka, ana ganyen ganyaye sama, yayin da shekaru, ganye yakan zama ya bushe.

Dracaena mai kamshi

A gida, da shuka blooms musamman wuya. Ganyayyaki masu kyau har zuwa 10 cm muni ana zazzage su a zahiri tare da babban akwati mara tsayayye wanda ke buƙatar tallafi.

Dracaena Godsef

Shrubaƙƙarfan itace tare da m m ganye tare da farin aibobi a kan kore baya ne da ɗan tuni na Dieffenbachia. Dracaena Godsefa na iya gamsar da mai shi tare da furanni masu launin shuɗi-masu launin shuɗi tare da ƙanshin jin daɗi ba zato ba tsammani.