Buckthorn na teku, duk da ƙaya, ƙayacin lambu da yawa ke ƙaunarta. Yana girma tare da wani daji ko bishiya mara kyau kuma tuni a cikin shekara ta uku ya ba da amfanin gona na berries lafiya sosai. Fasahar dasawa, wannan al'ada ba ta bambanta da sauran. Koyaya, akwai fasalullolin halitta wanda yakamata ku kula da su kafin siyan seedling.
Zaɓi wuri, lokaci da shuki
Buckthorn teku a cikin daji yana girma a gefen tabkuna, sassan ambaliyar ruwa, gangaren tsauni zuwa tsayinsa ya kai mita 2100. Al'adar ta yaɗu sosai a Siberiya. An dasa shi don haɓaka ƙasa mai yashi, gangara, hanya, kwari. Kuma duk saboda teku buckthorn yana da tushen tushen farfaɗo wanda ke rufe saman duniya, kuma yana shimfiɗa nesa da kambi na itacen. Za'a iya samun ɓacin rai tsakanin radius na mita 3-5. Bugu da kari, tsire-tsire ne mai dioecious: idan kuna son samun amfanin gona, to kuna buƙatar dasa akalla bushes biyu: namiji da mace. Lokacin da kake shirya shafi don buckthorn teku, tabbatar da la'akari da waɗannan abubuwan.
Buckthorn daji na daji yawanci yana girma kusa da jikin ruwa da kan tsaunukan tuddai.
Bishiyar buckthorn berries sune multivitamin na halitta. Sun ƙunshi yawancin bitamin: C, PP, B1, B2, K, E da carotene, acid Organic: tartaric, oxalic, malic, har ma da abubuwan ganowa: manganese, boron, baƙin ƙarfe.
Yaushe shuka mafi kyau
Mafi kyawun lokacin dasa shine bazara, kafin a buɗe ayoyin akan seedling. Ko da girma teku buckthorn overwinter talauci: a lokacin winters ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara, tabbata Tushen daskare, wani ɓangare na rassan bushe fita. Bugu da kari, wannan al'ada tana da gajeren lokacin hutawa, a narke na farko ya narke buds, wanda ya fada karkashin tsananin sanyi lokacin bazara. Kuma samari da masu karamin karfi daji damar tsira sakamakon girbi na kaka har ƙasa. Yana buƙatar daidaitawa da ɗauka da kyau a cikin sabon shafin. Ga ɗan gajeren faɗuwa, wannan ba zai yiwu ba. Akwai shawarwari don dasa buckthorn teku a lokacin rani, barin watsi da kaka. Koyaya, a lokacin rani ya fi kyau saya seedlings tare da rufaffiyar tsarin, wato, girma a cikin kwantena.
Zaɓin dasa kayan
Mafi yawan lokuta, yan lambu suna tono tushen harbe a cikin lambun su kuma suna raba shi tare da maƙwabta. Daga wannan kayan dasa, a mafi yawancin lokuta, tsuntsayen tsuntsaye masu tsiro tare da ƙanana da m berries. Dalilin shi ne cewa ana horar da nau'ikan da ke cikin daji, tushen harbi yana maimaita kaddarorin da ke hannun jari, kuma ba na ɗan adam ba. Lokacin sayen seedlings, wannan ma yana buƙatar la'akari da shi, masu siyar da kaya marasa kyau suna ƙoƙarin yin amfani da ƙarfin amfani da amfanin gona don samar da haɓaka mai yawa.
Siffofin da aka zaba na itacen buckthorn seedlings:
- Sayi kawai nau'ikan karkatar da suka dace da sauyin yanayin yankin ku.
- Aƙalla ana buƙatar seedlings biyu: namiji da mace, amma yawanci ana shuka shukakkiyar mace 3-4 a kan namiji ɗaya.
- Ba za a bambanta namiji da mace ba kafin su shiga 'ya'yan itace, wato, har sai furannin fure suka fara nunawa. Saboda haka, buy seedlings girma daga cuttings. Suna sake maimaita abubuwan cikin gida, kuma sun kasance masu sauƙin rarrabewa tsakanin jinsi.
- Noman seedling iri-iri ba shi da matsala, ana buƙatar kawai don pollination, babu berries a kai. Ba za ku iya saya ba, amma ɗauki harbe daga maƙwabta ko cikin daji.
A cikin tsire-tsire mata na buckthorn na teku, buds suna ƙanana, an tsara su a nau'i-nau'i, maza ma sun fi girma, an rufe su da lentils da yawa
Yana da sauƙi a rarrabe tsakanin tsirrai ta hanyar jinsi idan kuna da wakilai biyun kuma zaku iya kwatanta su. Kodan mace ƙanana ne kuma mai tsari, an shirya su cikin nau'i-nau'i, kodan maza suna da girma, masu kauri, an rufe su da lentils. Flowering ba a kula da shi ba, tun kafin ganye su yi fure. A cikin mata, a cikin sinus na lentil, ƙananan ƙananan pistils suna bayyana ɗaya a lokaci guda, ƙasa da sau 2-3, kuma a cikin maza - launin toka mai launin shuɗi wanda aka tattara a cikin ɗan gajeren saƙo.
Idan rukunin yanar gizon karami ne ko kuma kuna son dasa shuki ɗaya ne na itacen buckthorn, zaku iya dasa shukar itacen maza a kambi na mace. Wani zaɓi: a lokacin furanni, yanke reshe tare da uwa a cikin wani lambu ko a gidan daji kuma rataye shi a cikin kambi na buckthorn teku.
Bidiyo: yadda ake bambance ɗan itacen tsiro na buckthorn daga mace
Kuma wani fasalin yayin zabar buckthorn seedlings: a kan tushen sa akwai ci gaban zagaye - nodules. 'Yan lambu da ba su da kwarewa, ɗauke su don alamar rashin lafiya, ƙi seedlings ko yanke waɗannan tsarin. A halin yanzu, nodules na karkashin kasa suna taka muhimmiyar rawa; tare da taimakonsu, buckthorn teku suna fitar da abincin da ke kanta - yana mamaye sinadarin nitrogen daga iska. A cikin tsirrai masu girma, irin wannan haɓaka ya kai girman kwai kaza. Dangane da abubuwan lura da 'yan lambu, idan itace ta tsiro a kan ƙasa mai dausayi, to, ci gaban ya kasance kaɗan, kusan ba zai yiwu ba, kuma a kan talakawa, akasin haka, babba.
Yin kumburi a tushen dutsen buckthorn ba cuta ba ce, amma yanayin halayyar al'adu ne
Tekun buckthorn wuri
Zabar wani wuri don itacen buckthorn shima ba abu bane mai sauki.
- Shuka a cikin yankin da ba za ku tono ba, saboda tushen buckthorn na teku ya bazu a cikin faɗin har zuwa 5 m daga itacen. Ba za ku iya tono su ba, shimfida su ko kuma cutar da su ko ta yaya.
- Matsayi a cikin inuwar fences, gine-gine da bishiyoyi basu dace ba. Buckthorn na teku yana ƙaunar yankunan rana.
- Bai kamata ku dasa buckthorn teku ba a kan hanyoyi kuma kusa da wuraren da aka ziyarta akai-akai, seedling zai yi girma zuwa itacen fure da ƙayayuwa ko itace mai tsayi 3-5 m.
- Za a iya samun tsiro na maza a nesa na 50-100 m, wato, ko da a kusa da maƙwabcin, amma tsakanin sa da mace bai kamata a sami wata hanyar da za a iya kawo cikas ga iska ba a cikin gidaje, kurma mai tsayi, hillocks, da dai sauransu.
Amma yana da kyau kada ku dogara da maƙwabta da shuka mace da seedlingsa femalean mace na 2-3 a nesa na akalla 2-2.5 m kuma matsakaicin 50-100. Kuna iya shirya su dangi da juna kamar yadda kuke so: alwatika, murabba'i, a jere. Akwai wani aiki na saukowa a sasanninta daban-daban na shafin. Idan a cikin yankinku wani nau'in iska yakan mamaye, alal misali, kudu maso gabas, to sai ku dasa shukar namiji daidai daga wannan, ita ce, gefen gefe.
Tsarin ƙasa
Don itacen buckthorn, bai isa ba kawai don haƙa rami, kuna buƙatar tono duk yankin da kuka sanya shi akan tebur ɗin shebur. Tushen ƙwanƙwasawa zai bazu a cikin ƙananan ƙasa na sama, kuma yana buƙatar yin takin. Tsarin 2x2 m ya isa ɗan seedling mai shekaru biyu don 1 m², watsa guga na humus ko takin, 40 g na superphosphate da 20 g na potassium sulfate. Idan ƙasa ta acidic ce, ƙara gilashin gari dolomite.
Saukowa
- A cikin yankin da aka shirya, tono rami 40 cm zurfi da 50 cm a diamita.
Ramin saukarwa ya kamata ya zama zurfin 40 cm kuma 50 cm a diamita
- A kasan, tare da yanki na 10 cm, zuba magudanar ruwa daga tubalin da aka fashe, tsakuwa ko dutsen harsashi.
Tsarin lambatu a cikin ramin yakamata yakai 10 cm
- A saman magudanar ruwa, a tsakiyar ramin, yi mound daga ƙasa, an ɗauke shi ta hanyar tono. Idan ƙasa tana da nauyi yumɓu, haɗa shi da yashi kogin a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 1.
Wasu lokuta ya zama dole a cika wani rami ba zurfin ƙasa ba, amma cakuda shi da peat da yashi kogin
- Driveauki fegi cikin tsakiyar ƙwanƙwasa, wanda zai zama tallafi ga seedling.
- Sanya seedling a gefen gefen fegin, a saman ƙwanƙwasa, saika shimfiɗa tushen a gindin ɗigon sa. A wannan yanayin, tushen wuya ya kamata ya kasance a matakin sararin duniya a kan shafin yanar gizonku. Kuna iya sanya dogo a kan rami, kuma zai yi aiki a matsayin matakin.
Tushen wuya na seedling ya kamata ya kasance a matakin ƙasa
- Cika ramin tare da ƙasa, ɗauka da sauƙi a tamped kuma a koyaushe kiyaye seedling a matakin da ake so.
- Yi rami na ruwa.
Hanya mafi inganci don ruwa shine amfani da rami
- Ulla wani sapling a fegi tare da madauki, ruwa da ciyawa.
Ana buƙatar haɗa ƙwayar seedling a fegi
Bidiyo: dasa shuki a cikin teku a bazara
Idan kana bukatar juyawa
Idan akwai buƙatar gaggawa don jujjuya buckthorn teku zuwa wani wuri, to, zai fi kyau a yi wannan kuma a cikin bazara, kuma yayin da itacen har yanzu ƙananan - shekaru 2-3. Itace mai yawan bishiyoyi ba zasu sami tushe ba, tunda ba zai yiwu ba su iya fitar da duk tushen sa su yadu a shafin. A cikin buckthorn teku marasa tushe, ba a shawo kan sa ba, yana da kyau ka ɗauki harba da watsa shi.
- A hankali ku tono ɗan shuka.
- Tare da hannuwanku, ku dunƙule ƙasa don gano yadda tushen yake kasancewa kuma ku gano daga wurin babban uwar, daga itacen.
- Yanke babban tushe a nesa na 20-30 cm daga seedling.
- Shuka tsire-tsire matasa bisa ga tsarin da ke sama.
Harbe da mahaifiyar shuka suna da tushe na gama gari, wanda dole ne a yanke shi lokacin dasawa
An dasa bishiyun bishiyoyi iri ɗaya, suna harhaɗa saman duniya don samun ma'anar wurin tushen sa. Lessasa ka rage lalata da su, mafi girman damar da buckthorn teku zai yi zai zama tushen. Idan Tushen sun lalace, to, rage ofarar da sassan m: yanke rassan, rage gawar. Buckthorn teku zai zama da sauƙi don ɗauka, sannan kuma zai dawo da kambi da sauri.
Tsarin dasa shuki yana da sauqi qwarai, amma akwai nuances da yawa lokacin zabar shuki da shirya wurin. Barin buckthorn shine dioecious plant, sabili da haka, daji daya zai ba da 'ya'ya kawai idan akwai shuka a cikin maza kusa, a cikin radius na 100 m. Hakanan kuna buƙatar yin la’akari da wurin da tushen yake: suna yaduwa a sarari kuma suna da nisa daga itaciyar, ba za ku iya tono ƙasa kusa da buckthorn na teku ba. Don haka, kafin siyan seedlings, kuna buƙatar yanke shawara ko kuna da irin wannan wuri a gonar kuma ko dai abin tausayi ne don rarraba ƙasa mai yawa don ƙungiyar buckthorn teku.
