Ahimenez - girma da kulawa a gida, nau'in hoto

Achimenes (Achimenes) - tsiron fure daga dangin Gesneriaceae. A cikin vivo yakan faru a cikin hanyar vines ko shrubs. Theasar Achimenes yanki ne na wurare masu zafi na Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka. Furen, wanda ya saba da yanayin zafi, gumi, yana jin tsoron faɗuwar zazzabi. Wannan tabbaci ne ko da sunan shi, tun daga tushe na Girka da ma'ana "tsoron sanyi."

Achimenes yana haɓaka haɓaka. Girma shi a gida abu ne mai sauki. Za'a iya kafa daji har zuwa 60 cm high a daya girma girma. Ciyawar da ke tsirowa cikin fure a cikin raƙuman ruwa, suna haifar da launin shuɗi mai haske daga Yuni zuwa Satumba. Bayan wannan, ɓangaren da ke sama ya mutu, kuma a cikin bazara ya sake tashi daga rhizome.

Tabbatar kula da irin wannan tsire-tsire masu ban mamaki kamar columnia da saintpaulia.

M kaddarorin da guba na Achimenes

Ahimenez yana faranta wa ido ido ba kawai tare da furanni masu haske masu kama da karrarawa ba, har ma tare da ganye mai launin shuɗi. Fuskokinsu na gaba mai haske ne kore, kuma kasan mai launin shuɗi. Kallon kwalliyar furanni na asali game da asalin wata itaciya mai daɗaɗɗiya yana kawo jin daɗin kwalliya. Lush bushes a rataye flowerpots yi ado ciki. Ahimenez shine tsire-tsire mai guba wanda baya haifar da rashin lafiyan jiki da haushi. Saboda haka, ana iya haɓaka lafiya a gida.

Achimenes yana kulawa a gida. A takaice

Achimenes na tsire-tsire masu zafi a gida zai iya girma daga mai farawa, yana fahimtar kansa da abubuwan da aka zaɓa na fure a gaba:

Achimenes yana kulawa a gida. Daki-daki

Achimenes na gida za su yi farin ciki da yawa da furanni masu yawa tsawon shekaru, idan ka kewaye shi da kyau.

Gudun Achenes

Dogon furanni masu kyau na Achimenes ɗayan kyawawan halaye ne masu kyau. Daga ƙarshen Mayu zuwa farkon watan Nuwamba, kyawawan furanni masu kama da agogo suna bayyana a bangon kore.

Suna iya zama ƙarami (har zuwa 3 cm), matsakaici (kusan 4 cm) da babba (kusan 5 cm); mai sauki ko terry.

A karkashin yanayin halitta, ana samun Achimenes na launin violet. Furannin launuka daban-daban ana girma a cikin al'ada. A farkon rabin bazara, Achimenes ya yi fure sosai. Furanni suna fadi da sauri, amma sababbi suna buɗewa nan da nan.

Saboda haka, daji koyaushe yana da hankali. Rashin isasshen fure na iya lalacewa ta:

• takin mai magani na nitrogen;
• rashin haske;
• farkawa daga bacci;
• cutar fungal.

Don taimakawa shuka don shawo kan irin waɗannan matsalolin, an sake shirya shi a wuri mai haske; takin tare da potassium phosphorus taki; a bi da shi ta hanyar kashe kansa, in ya zama dole.

Yanayin Zazzabi

A cikin hunturu, a lokacin tsananin, ana kiyaye Achimenes a + 13 - 15 ° C, ragowar a + 20 ° C. Kula da Achimenes a gida yana buƙatar kula da wannan yanayin zafin jiki. Idan yayi zafi a lokacin rani (daga + 28 ° C), launin furanni na iya canzawa kwatsam, girman su zai ragu.

Temperatureara yawan zafin jiki na hunturu zai tsoratar da farkawa da kodan, harbe zai fara bayyana a gaba.

Fesa

Duk tsirrai na dangin Gesneriaceae suna ƙaunar babba, fiye da 50%, gumi. A wannan yanayin, fesa shuka ba ya karba. Kuna iya fesa iska kawai a kusa da Achimenes, idan bai yi fure ba a wannan lokacin. Don haɓaka zafi, ana sanya tukunyar filawa a pallet tare da pebbles rigar ko an yi amfani da hura iska. Idan a lokacin zubar da ruwa na ruwa ba da gangan ya faɗo a cikin ganyayyaki ba, dole ne suyi rigar nan da nan tare da zane mai tsabta.

Haske

Haske mai yada haske ya dace da shuka. A kan taga yana fuskantar gefen kudu, Achimenes ya girgiza saboda kada haskoki na rana ya haifar da ƙonewa. A kan windows a gefen arewa, furen zai yi rauni kuma ya daɗe saboda rashin haske. Achimenes fure a gida yana haɓaka kyau akan windows yana fuskantar gabas da yamma.

Watse

Dole ne rigar ta kasance tare da rigar. A lokacin furanni, ana shayar da Achimenes a gida tare da ruwa mai ɗumi, ruwa mai ruwa mai zafi sau ɗaya kowace kwana 3..

Wajibi ne a sha ruwa a daidai kuma ba tare da zubar da ruwa ba akan ganyayyaki. Florists tare da gwaninta shafa wick watering.

Ana ɗebo ruwa daga kwanon. A cikin hunturu, ba a shayar da Achimenes, kawai wani lokacin ana yayyafa ƙasa.

Tukunyar Achimenes

Tushen tushen Achimenes yana cikin ɓangaren ɓangaren na substrate, ba tare da ratsa zurfin cikin ba. Sabili da haka, tukunyar Achimenes an zaɓi mai yawa da ƙasa. Idan Achimenes ya girma kamar shuka mai walƙiya, rataye furen fure ya zama cikakke, daga gefuna wanda furanni masu launin shuɗi tare da furanni masu launin shuɗi zasu sauka cikin kyawawan cascade. Duk abin da tukunya aka zaɓa don Achimenes, ya kamata a yi ramin magudanan ruwa a gindin don hana danshi danshi.

Ilasa don Achimenes

Ahimenez yana buƙatar substrate na gina jiki mai narkewa tare da ɗan ɗanɗano acidic. Ilasa don Achimenes za'a iya shirya shi a gida da kanka, ɗaukar peat, yashi (perlite) da humus daidai sassa (zaka iya ƙara ƙasa ƙasa ga cakuda daidai adadin). Ready ƙasa sosai gauraye da soyayyen ko daskararre ranar kafin dasa. Zaku iya siyan substrate na senpole a cikin shagon. Addedarƙwarar ƙwayar motsi, kwakwalwan bulo da foda na ƙara a cikin ƙasa.

Taki da taki

Don haɓaka rigakafin Achimenes kuma ya ba shi mafi girma ado, ana yin miya da takin tare da bayani na musamman don Gesnerievs ko magani na duniya don furanni na cikin gida. Ana iya canza su tare da taki don tsire-tsire na fure, dauke da babban adadin phosphorus da potassium.

A farkon bazara, lokacin da aka fara yin harbe-harbe, ana ciyar da su sau ɗaya kowace kwana 10. A lokacin girma - daga tsakiyar Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba - kowane kwana 7. Bayan shayar maraice, ana kula da Achimenes tare da kowane ƙwayar ruwa mai narkewa.

Juyawa daga Achimenes

Ana aiwatar da dasawar Achimenes kowace shekara, farawa a cikin rabin na biyu na Fabrairu, lokacin da furen ya fara farkawa daga yanayin rashin haihuwa. An cire Rhizome daga cikin substrate, an cire gutsattsaye masu lalacewa. Ana zuba rufin magudanar a ƙasan tukunyar, kuma an ɗora ƙasa a kanta.

Yi karamin ciki da sanya rhizomes (nodules) a ciki. Shayar daga ƙasa, don haka kamar yadda ba zurfafa. Yayyafa da ƙasa a kai (1.5 cm). A cikin makonni biyu, harbe zai bayyana. Sa'an nan kuma, a karo na farko, ana ciyar da Achimenes.

Idan shuka ya yi girma yayin kakar, an canja shi cikin tukunya a hankali. Zai fi kyau a yi wannan kafin Achimenes ya fara shirye-shiryen ɓoyewar fata - har zuwa ƙarshen rabin watan Agusta.

Yadda za a datsa achimenes?

Babban hanyar samar da kyakkyawan daji, mai yalwar ciyawa shine datsa shi. Ana aiwatar da hanyar a farkon lokacin da Achimenes zai fara ciyayi, kuma na ƙarshe - yayin bayyanar buds - a farkon Mayu. Yanke ƙarshen rassan yana haifar da haifar da sababbin harbe. Da zarar nau'i-nau'i na ganye kafa, da more sabo ne buds zai bayyana. Ciki gutsutsuren

Zai yuwu barin Achimenes ba tare da barin hutu ba?

Idan kuna shirin tafiya hutu a cikin hunturu ko ƙarshen kaka, baku buƙatar damuwa da furen. Zai dauki lokacin bushewa. Idan an shirya hutu don bazara, to a cikin makonni 2 ba tare da yin ruwa a cikin zafi ba, zaku iya rasa Achimenes. Sabili da haka, kafin barin, dole ne masu su kula da kiyaye danshi a cikin ƙasa. Oshin da ba a rufe shi ba kuma wani ɓangare na ganyayyaki an yanke shi daga furen saboda ya ƙazantar da ƙasa danshi. Ruwa mai kyau kuma saka wuri mai sanyi mara haske (a ƙasa).

Yana da amfani a sanya furen fure tare da fure a cikin babban akwati, a saka busar da sphagnum tsakanin bangon, sanya gabaɗaya akan pallet tare da pebbles rigar ruwa (saboda ruwa daga pallet bai cika ƙasa a cikin furen fure ta rami na magudanar ba). Kuna iya shirya ciyayi ta amfani da wicks.

Ahimenez a cikin hunturu. Lokacin hutawa

A cikin yanayi na musamman sun ƙunshi Achimenes a cikin hunturu. Lokacin bacci na iya wuce zuwa watanni shida (wannan ya dogara da yanayin ajiya da nau'in fure). Bayan fure, ana rage ruwa. Sashin da ke sama dole ne ya bushe, kawai sai an cire shi, kuma an sanya rhizomes (Tushen) don hunturu a + 9 - 17 ° C. Ba a cire su daga tukunya, a canja shi zuwa ɗakuna, ɗaki mai sanyi, wani lokacin ma ana yayyafa ƙasar.

Kuna iya sanya rhizomes a cikin jakar filastik mai cike da takaddama tare da sphagnum ko yashi (zaku iya ƙara musu fungicide a foda). A cikin rabin rabin Fabrairu, Tushen ya fara toho. Idan wannan ya faru da farko, ana tsabtace su a cikin wuri mai sanyi. Idan rhizomes, ya yi akasin haka, ana buƙatar farkawa, fakiti tare da su an sanya shi kusa da zafi.

Yaduwa daga Achimenes

Sake bugun Achimenes, kamar dukkan Gesneriaceae, yana yiwuwa ne ta hanyoyi daban-daban, amma ana amfani da biyu sau da yawa.

Girma Achimenes daga tsaba

Doguwar hanyar zuwa fure. A ƙarshen Fabrairu, sabo ne an shuka iri. Bayan yayyafa kasar gona, an rufe kwandon cike da fim (an cire shi don shayarwa da kuma kwantar da tsire-tsire). Lokacin da harbe suka bayyana bayan makonni 2, 5, an cire fim ɗin. Lokacin da aka kafa ganye 3, ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin tukwane daban. Ahimenez zai yi fure a cikin shekara guda.

Yaduwa daga Achimenes ta yanke

Zaɓin shahararren zaɓi don kiɗan jinsunan. An yanke yankan daga firsimeti, tsawon wanda bai kai ƙasa da cm 5. Ana cire ƙananan zanen gado kuma an saka shi cikin ruwa mai dumi tare da ƙari da foda na kwalliya. Tushen zai bayyana a cikin haske bayan kimanin kwanaki 10. Tushen daskararre ana shuka su ne a ƙasa. Ana iya yada shi ta hanyar ganyen magarya. An sanya ganye a cikin ƙasa mai laushi, an rufe shi da fim. Lokacin da tushen ya bayyana, ana dasa su a cikin tukunya daban. Bayan 'yan watanni, tukunyar ta canza zuwa mafi girma. Idan fure suka bayyana a farkon shekara, dole ne a yanke su: aikin Achimenes a wannan lokacin shine ƙirƙirar rhizome.

Tsarin ƙwayar zuriya yana haifar da asarar asalin ƙwayar shuka, saboda haka ba a amfani da shi.

Cutar da kwari

Tare da kulawa da kulawa da shuka, ana amfani da shi ta hanyar cututtuka da kwari, kamar yadda alamu suka nuna ta hanyar bayyanar cututtuka mara kyau:

• aibobi a ganyen achimenes - daga yin ruwa tare da ruwan sanyi ko hasken rana mai wucewa (ingantaccen ruwa, shayar da shuka);
• Furannin Achimenes suna faɗuwa da sauri - karin haske (sake shiryawa a cikin inuwa);
• achimenes ya lalace, ganyen achimenes ya faɗi - shan kashi ta hanyar kwari (amfani da kwari);
• launin rawaya na Achimenes - raguwa a cikin photosynthesis saboda rashi na ƙarfe ko kuma wahalar ruwa (ciyar da takin da ke ɗauke da baƙin ƙarfe; kare ruwa don ban ruwa, yi laushi da citric acid - 0.2 g a kowace lita na ruwa);
• launin ruwan kasa ganye da curl - canji mai kaifi a zazzabi, abun da ke cikin shuka a cikin sanyi mai sanyi, daki mai kauri (sake shiryawa a cikin busasshiyar wuri, mai dumi, an kiyaye shi daga daftarin yanayi da bambance-bambance).

Achimenes wani lokaci kwari ne: aphids, mealybug, thrips, gizo-gizo kwari.

Nau'in gida na Achimenes tare da hotuna da sunaye

A cikin yanayin halitta akwai nau'in achimenes kusan 50. Ainihin adadin nau'ikan da shayarwa ke shayarwa yana da wahala a lissafa. An sani cewa kawai akan asusun ɗan Romaniyan S. Salib akwai nau'ikan Achimenes sama da 200. Dukkanin nau'ikan matasan an samo su ne bisa ga asalinsu 2 na farko:

Achimenes kakaninya (Achimenes kakankau)

Theasan ya girma zuwa cm 65. Gefen farantin ganye na “kyawawa” tare da haƙoran hakora. Partasan sashi yana da zurfin ja. Tsawon ganyen ya kai santimita 10. A cikin axils na ganyayyaki, an kafa furanni biyu launin shuɗi, waɗanda ke da jaka mai kama da itace a gindin corolla. Jiki ya shahara: Paul Arnold (furanni masu ruwan hoda mai haske, ganyen wani tagulla na tagulla) da Kayan Kanta (furanni masu launin carmine).

Achimenes longiflora

Tsawon daji shine kusan cm 35. An kafa furanni masu nishaɗi ta 1 a cikin axils na ganye. Corolla tsawon - har zuwa cm 5. Pubescent kore harbe harbe rauni reshe. Ganyayyaki marassa kwari masu kyau sun barke a gefuna.

Ahimenez ba don wani abu bane da ake kira fure mai sihiri. Babban daji mai sihiri ko ɓawon burodi, wanda yake gangarowa a gefen gefan furen rataye, suna da kyan gani kuma kar ku bar kowa ya shagala.