Periwinkle shine tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire na daji wanda yake asalin Arewacin Amurka. Wannan wakilin dangin Kutrovy ya bazu ko'ina cikin Turai da Asiya, an yi amfani da shi a fannoni daban-daban na aiki, gami da magunguna da adon.
Periwinkle: bayanin
Periwinkle za a iya girma a matsayin creeping ko herbaceous shuka tare da kafa, m mai tushe. Ganyen dake gaban juna ana wakilta ta fata mai laushi duhu faranti ƙaramin ƙaramin nauyi tare da nuna goge baki da farin gefuna. Daga sinuses a cikin bazara, manyan furanni masu haske suna bayyana.
Budsaura guda ɗaya suna da launuka iri-iri: daga ruwan hoda da shunayya zuwa dusar ƙanƙara-fari da kirim. Corolla an juya shi a cikin siffar murfin katako, toshewar bututun ƙarfe da za a yi birgima a kai. Wannan yanayin yana kasancewa ne a cikin tsararrun tsattsauran ra'ayi, wasu daga cikinsu zasu iya ɗaukar tsawon zamanin tsirrai masu aiki. 'Ya'yan itacen da aka wakilta su da ganye biyu waɗanda ke buɗe a tsakiya kuma suna ba da ƙananan zuriya masu launin ruwan kasa.
Periwinkle ƙaramin, ruwan hoda da sauran nau'in, hoto
Periwinkle yana da ɗimbin yawa iri iri da iri, kowane ɗayan yana da halaye na kansa.
| Dubawa | Bayanin | Iri daban-daban | Siffofin |
| Kai tsaye | Yawan harbe-harbe sun kai 20-80 cm a tsayi. Ganyayyaki suna akasin haka, ovate, 3-6 cm a tsayi, suna da launi mai launi tare da gefuna na beige da haɓakar jijiyoyin jini. Rhizomes an rufe su da ƙananan sikeli, mai kauri. Furanni 3-5 cm, shuɗi, ruwan hoda mai launin fari. 'Ya'yan itacen kusan 5 cm. | Albo Plena, Purpurea, Sterling Azurfa, Ralph Shugert. | Ana amfani da Rhizomes sosai a cikin magunguna da magungunan gargajiya. An samo shi a kan dutsen da babban siket ɗin Tien Shan. Mafi sau da yawa ana yaduwa vegetatively, ba a amfani da tsaba da wuya. |
| Smallarami | Shukewar perennial har zuwa 60 cm tsayi. Ganyen suna da sheki mai sheki, mai zagaye, mai ɗan elongated, kusan 0.5 cm, an rufe shi da kakin kayan lambu. Peduncles ya kai 15-20 cm, ƙawancin girma mai launin shuɗi ko launi mai haske a kansu. | Haske, Moonlit, Ralph Shugert, Hasken kwari, Alba Variegata, Zinare, Argenteovariegata, Variegata, Azurea Flore Pleno, Siyarda Biyu, Atropurpurea, Gertrude Jekyll. | Deaunar ƙauna, mazaunin halitta sune gandun daji da gangara mai dutse. Aka rarraba a Asiya oraramar da Bahar Rum. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari an kafa su da wuya, ana yaduwar su ta hanyar jigilar ɗan rhizomes. Bishiyar sanyi |
| Mai Buga | Itataccen shuka tare da ingantaccen tsarin tushen da tushe mai tushe mai santsi. Leaf faranti masu santsi, kore duhu, ellipsoidal, nuna. Furannin furanni ne matsakaici, launi ya bambanta: akwai furanni masu launin shuɗi ko ruwan hoda da fari. | Bowles, La Grave, Dart's Blue, Sabinka, Marie | Yana faruwa a cikin gandun daji na Caucasus tsakanin placer da kan rafin tsaunuka. Rashin daidaituwa, ana nuna shi ta hanyar dacewa da kyau. |
| M | Tana mamaye wurare masu matsakaicin matsakaici tare da daskararren liana-like. Ganyayyaki suna da elongated, kunkuntar kuma m, gefuna an rufe shi da villi, nuna, kore kore. A buds ana kan ƙananan kantuna, furannin suna da daɗi, mafi yawan lokuta fararen fata ne. | Alba, Emily Joy, Gertrude Jekyll, Albo Plena, Haske. | An rarraba shi daga gangara na Girka zuwa Tsarin Caucasus. A cikin hunturu, mai tushe ya mutu ga ƙasa sosai, kuma a cikin bazara sun sake girma har ma fiye da da. Saboda yin salo, ana yinsa sau da yawa azaman mai girma a cikin kwantena daban. |
| Ruwan hoda | Bishiyar dasa bishiya mai tsayi kimanin cm 60 cm. Ganyen suna duhu kore, m, fata. Furanni suna girma cikin adadi masu girma, masu matsakaici, launuka galibi ruwan hoda-ja ko shunayya, akwai kuma farin iri. | Inabi mai inaba, pperan hura mai peperan, Kiss na farko. | Ana samunsa a Madagascar, Indiya da China. Yana da wani suna - catharanthus. Amfani da maganin mutane don kula da ciwace-ciwacen daji. |
Noma
Wannan aiki ne mai wahala da wahala. Ko da yake tsaba ne quite unpretentious, shi wajibi ne don saka idanu da yawan zafin jiki na iska, danshi ƙasa kuma bar iska ta yau da kullun.
Tare da kulawa da ta dace, farkon youngan matasa na farko na periwinkle ba zai dauki dogon lokaci ba don jira. Ana iya siyan tsaba a shagon ko kuma a tattara su da hannu daga tsirrai.
Koyaya, da wuya su haifi 'ya'yan itace a cikin lambu ko a gida. Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na dasa shuki: shuka da ƙasa buɗe.
Dasa seedlings na periwinkle a cikin ƙasa bude
Shuka shuka ne da za'ayi a ƙarshen Fabrairu ko tsakiyar Maris.
- Kafin dasa shuki, kuna buƙatar riƙe tsaba a cikin maganin maganin potassiumgangan don rabu da ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin fungi.
- Don yin ramuka magudanar ruwa a cikin tanki, ƙara ƙasa hade da Allunan peat.
- Nisa tsakanin m layin shine 3-5 cm.
- Shuka an yi shi da tsunkule.
- Yayyafa tsaba a saman dutsen, hadawa da sanyaya shi.
- Sanya kwantena tare da periwinkle a cikin jaka mai launin baƙar fata kuma sanya su a cikin wurin dumi don kwanaki 5-7.
- Kula da yawan zafin jiki sama da + 23 ... +25 ° C. A kai a kai moisten kasar gona.
- Abubuwan fashewa zasu bayyana a cikin mako 1, to, dole ne a cire seedlings daga cikin kunshin kuma a saka su a wuri mai kyau.
- Yana da kyawawa don rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa + 17 ... +20 ° C.
Matashi periwinkle yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman:
- Ruwa a kai a kai, amma ba sau da yawa. Tabbatar cewa kasar gona bata bushe.
- Makonni 3 bayan shuki na farko, kuna buƙatar takin tare da takin nitrogen wanda ya ƙunshi ko takin ƙasa.
- Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa buɗe, ciyar da periwinkle sau ɗaya a kowane mako 2.
- Bayan bayyanar ganye na lafiya 4-5 a cikin tsirar, kuna buƙatar nutsewa: a cikin akwati guda biyu Tushen 2-4.
Dasa tsinke periwinkle a cikin ƙasa buɗe
Ana shuka tsaba a shafin a cikin bazara ko kaka. Wannan dole ne a yi kafin farkon sanyi domin thean itacen ba su mutu ko tare da isowar yanayin dumin yanayi.
- Cikakke shirya kasar gona: sassauta da sako kasar gona daga weeds, takin tare da yashi, ash, sawdust ko peat.
- Yi layuka a nesa na 5 cm kowannensu.
- Ka lalata ƙwayoyin ta hanyar riƙe su cikin maganin manganese.
- Sanya su a cikin furrows kuma ku rufe su da wani yanki na ƙasa.
- Actanƙantar da substrate, ƙara ɗan sawdust ko yashi a saman.
- Ruwa mai yalwa.
Kayan lambu na yaduwa
Akwai hanyoyi guda uku na ciyayi na periwinkle: ƙwaya, yanka da rabuwa na daji. Tun da tsire-tsire ba sa ba da tsaba, mafi yawan tsire-tsire suna amfani da wannan girbin.
Yankan
Yanke buƙatar buƙatar shirya lokacin pruning ko za'a iya yanke su daga harbe apical.
- Don tushen tushe, ya isa ya sanya rassan a cikin akwati na ruwa don ya mamaye na uku na tushe.
- Daga ƙasa, kuna buƙatar cire duk ganye, in ba haka ba rot zai fara.
- Hakanan, don tushen, zaka iya amfani da cakuda ƙasa tare da ƙari da abubuwan haɗin ginin.
- Wajibi ne a canza ruwan a kai a kai don kada ya yi tuntuɓe. A saboda wannan, yana da kyau a yi amfani da gurza, ba ruwa mai gudu.
- Bayan kimanin makonni 2, saiwoyin matasa za su fito.
- Lokacin da tsarin tushe ya girma by 2-3 cm, harbe yana buƙatar dasa shi cikin ƙasa.
Maimaitawa
Yankunan da sauri sun da tushe kuma kusan duk suna tsira.
- Kuna buƙatar bincika harbewa na ɓoye na periwinkle kuma nemo wuraren da suke kafa tushen.
- Ta amfani da wuka da aka gurbata, raba ganyen daga malamin girma ta hanyar kulawa da wuraren da aka sare tare da kayan gawayi ko kirfa.
- Idan tushen tsarin harbi yana da kyau kuma ba shi da alamun cututtuka ko cututtuka, ana iya sanya shi cikin sabon wuri.
- A hankali ruwa da ciyar da sabon seedling tare da ma'adinai ma'adinai domin ya daidaita da sauri da kuma fara girma.
Rarraba daji
Ta wannan hanyar, ana iya yaduwa periwinkle a kowane yanayi, ban da hunturu ko farkon bazara. Wajibi ne a aiwatar da rarrabuwar kai kafin samuwar farfajiyoyin farko, domin shuka ya samu lokacin da za a samu tushe a cikin sabon muhalli.
- A hankali cire daji daga ƙasa ba tare da lalata tsarin tushe ba.
- Cire duk wata ƙasa da ta ragu daga tushen.
- Yanke na ruɓaɓɓen ruɓaɓɓen, marasa lafiya ko asasshen asalinsu
- Wajibi ne a rarrabe babban daji ta wannan hanyar da kowane bangare ya riƙe tushen asalin tsiron.
- Domin karbuwa ya zama da sauri, delenki yana buƙatar dasa shi a cikin abin da vinca na mahaifar ta samu.
- Sanya rassan a cikin ramuka na dasa shuki, haɗa ƙasa kuma a hankali ruwa.
Periwinkle: kulawa ta waje
Domin periwinkle ya girma girma a kan shafin da kuma murna da kyawawan furanni, yana buƙatar tabbatar da kulawa ta dace.
| Gaskiya | Yanayin |
| Wuri / Haske | Hoto mai ban sha'awa, yana girma sosai a wurare masu inuwa da kuma a cikin sarari mai cike da haske. Zai fi kyau sanya a gefen gefen shafin akan ƙananan hillocks. Zai iya yada tare da placer ko curl tare da tallafi, shinge ko shinge. |
| Kasar | Dole ne a cike shi, a zana shi kuma ya wadatar da shi tare da abubuwan hakar ma'adinai. Rashin iska yana tsaka tsaki ko mai rauni. Idan loamy, dole ne a haɗe shi da yashi, tsakuwa, peat ko ash. |
| Watse | Zai iya yin hakan ba tare da yin wanka na yau da kullun ba idan isasshen ruwan sama na halitta. Yana da Dole a tabbatar da cewa kasar gona ba ta bushewa kuma a cikin wani lokaci mai tsananin zafi, ruwa da periwinkle ba fiye da 1 lokaci na mako daya. |
| Taki | Isa 2-3 ciyar a kowace kakar. Idan daji ya bushe, ya zama rawaya ko kuma ya kamu da cutar, ya kamata a kara yawan zuwa to 1 lokaci cikin makonni biyu. Tsarin Nitrogen, phosphoric ko potassium yana dacewa sosai, musamman a lokacin da ciyayi ke aiki. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da kwayoyin: takin, allura, sawdust ko humus. |
| Mai jan tsami | Gudanar da bayan fure. Cire duk harbe da bushe, furanni masu bushe da bushe. Hakanan wajibi ne don yanke rassan dogon lokaci mai yawa kuma su lalata wuraren yanke tare da alli. |
Periwinkle
Hakanan aikin narkar da Vinca kuma yana yiwuwa a cikin yanayin gida. Don wannan, dole a lura da wasu halaye.
| Gaskiya | Yanayin |
| Wuri / Haske | Wuri mai kyau, an kiyaye shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Yana yin haƙuri da zane-zane da yawan iska, musamman a lokacin sanyi. Sanya tukunya a kudu ko kudu maso yamma taga sill. |
| Zazzabi | Yana jin dadi a + 18 ... +25 ° C. Yana yarda da fari, amma dole ne a kula da yanayin zafi. |
| Kasar | Rashin daidaituwa, zaka iya amfani da ƙasa ta duniya don tsirrai na cikin gida, musamman na geraniums. Sanya peat ko yashi. Hakanan, ya kamata a sanya magudanar ruwa a gindin: tubalin da ya karye, ƙanƙara ko ƙwaya, polystyrene. |
| Watse | A lokacin rani, ya isa sau 1 a cikin kwanaki 2-3, danshi kada ya yi shuru, sai maɓallin ya bushe. Lambatu ramuka a cikin tukunya. A cikin hunturu, ya kamata a rage yawan shayarwa zuwa lokaci 1 a cikin kwanaki 4-6, don kada daji ya ɓaci. |
| Taki | Gudanar kowane mako 2 tare da manyan riguna don kayan wardro na cikin gida ko kayan abinci na duniya. Kwayoyin halitta ma sun dace: humus ko allura. A cikin hunturu, kar a samar, tunda itacen yana cikin yanayin dakatar da tashin hankali. |
| Mai jan tsami | Don mafi girman ado da ƙyalli na rigar ƙawa, dole ne a datsa kwatankwacinsa yayin da suke girma. Zai fi kyau a aiwatar da shi a cikin bazara, da wuraren wuraren yanka don sarrafawa da kirfa ko gawayi. |
Siffofin sun bambanta nau'ikan
Ana kula da wakilan waɗannan nau'ikan daban, sabanin na monochromatic. Wajibi ne a la’akari da fasalin iliminsu:
- Don sanya shuki a cikin wurin da yake da kyau, kamar yadda hasken rana ke taka rawa a cikin samuwar tabo.
- Ana wakiltar wakilan Variegate mafi kyau a cikin tukunya-tukunya.
- Yankunan sanyi da ƙarancin yanayin zafi ba su da haƙuri, sabili da haka, samfurori masu bambanci ana bada shawarar a watsa su cikin kwantena daban kuma a adana su don hunturu a cikin ɗakunan da ke daure.
Fasali na girma a Siberiya da Urals
Gabaɗaya, kulawar shrub ba ya bambanta sosai, amma saboda ƙananan yanayin zafi, periwinkle galibi yana girma a matsayin shekara-shekara. Yanayin yanayi a cikin wadannan yankuna yayi daidai da ƙasa, wanda ke rikita yanayin yanayin shuka sosai. Bayan tsananin sanyi da tsawan yanayin sanyi, daji ya mutu kuma shekara ta gaba kana buƙatar sake shuka tsaba ko kuma sake shuka tsiro.
Koyaya, akwai wani zaɓi kuma: a yanke a hankali a tsakiyar kaka, sannan a hankali a tono ɓarnar ba tare da lalata tsarin tushe ba kuma a watsa shi cikin akwati dabam tare da kayan maye da aka shirya.
A cikin ɗaki mai ɗumi mai cike da wuta, yana da buƙatar ɗaukar daji har zuwa lokacin sanyi. A watan Afrilu-Mayu, ana iya sake dasa shuki a kan yankin da aka tsara.
Kula da kurakurai
| Matsalar | Dalili | Matakan magancewa |
| Bar bar juya rawaya, bushe, fada a kashe. | Too bushe iska a cikin dakin, na yau da kullun watering, hasken rana kai tsaye, take hakkin tsarin zafin jiki. | Theara zafi da mita yawan ruwa, a hana maɓallin bushewa daga bushewa, cire sassan jikin daji, rage zafin jiki zuwa al'ada (+ 18 ... +25 ° C). |
| 'Yan kaxan kadan ko cikakken rashi. | Tsarin, takin da bai dace ba, iska mai sanyi da canjin yanayi kwatsam. | Canja wurin tukunya, ban da hurawa kuma kada kuyi amfani da takin nitrogen a lokacin furanni mai aiki da samuwar buds. |
| Furanni fure sun fadi. | Rashin hasken, ba a amfani da ruwa sosai. | Matsar da periwinkle, yana ba da damar yin amfani da hasken rana, ruwa sau da yawa. |
| A gefuna na foliage farantin bushe, juya rawaya. | Humarancin zafi. | Fesa dajin a kai a kai. |
Karin kwari da cututtuka
| Matsalar | Dalili | Matakan magancewa |
| Babban zafi, kamuwa da cuta daga vector (aphids) ko wata shuka. Tsatsa | Agrolekar, Propi +, maganin boric acid. |
| Kamuwa da cuta daga vector ko ta iska (spores samun a waje na shuka). Powdery Mildew | Rayek, Gamair, Fitosporin, Vectra. |
| Scaffolds. | Sabulu bayani. Da hannu cire kwari da plaque. Kwayoyin cuta. |
Periwinkle: kaddarorin warkarwa
Ana amfani da nau'ikan iri da nau'in shrubs a cikin magungunan mutane da magunguna saboda abubuwan da aka haɗar da wasu bangarori masu aiki. Wannan musamman halayyar karamin periwinkle, a cikin ruwan 'ya'yan itace wanda akwai kusan alkoloids 20, flavonoids, abubuwan bitamin waɗanda ke cikin kwayoyi da kayan ado a kan ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayoyi. Hakanan, ana amfani da kwayoyi masu amfani da tsire-tsire a cikin yaƙi da sake magance ƙwayar bakin, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, zawo, zubar jini na cikin mahaifa, ƙwanƙwasa hanji da rashin haihuwa.
Mr. Maigidan bazara ya ba da shawarar: periwinkle a cikin wuri mai faɗi
Shrub tayi amfani sosai wajen zanen fili. Its creeping harbe mask rufe ƙasa da kuma m fasa. Periwinkle an sanya shi a cikin lambun dutse ko dutsen don ba da abun da keɓaɓɓen bayyanawa. Dankin yana da girma don girma kusa da-ni-nots da primroses. Hakanan za'a iya sauke shi a baranda ko baranda a cikin tukunyar cache.
