Zephyranthes - fure wanda shine wani ɓangare na dangin Amaryllis, ɗan itace ne mai ɓarna. Yankunan rarraba wurare sune wurare masu zafi a kudu da tsakiyar Amurka.
Bayanin fure
Yankin kwararan fitila na shuka suna zagaye ko kuma kusa, tsawon su na iya zama kusan 35 mm. Akwai ƙarancin kwalliya na ƙananan girman, yana ba da gudummawa ga ƙirƙirar hanyar ganye. Furen yana kunkuntar, a cikin nau'i na bel, na launin kore mai zurfi. A tsawon, ganye zai iya kaiwa 20-35 cm.
Yana fure a farkon Afrilu kuma kafin ƙarshen bazara. Furanni suna kama iri daya zuwa zane, launuka farare, rawaya da ruwan hoda. A diamita, furen yana daga 40 zuwa 80 mm. A toho na zaune kwanaki 1-3.
Shahararren Ra'ayoyin Gida
Akwai nau'ikan marshmallows 40, wanda a gida zaku iya girma sama da 10:
| Dubawa | Bayanin | Lokacin tashi |
| Atamas | Itace mai tsiro mai tsiro tare da karamin kwan fitila da wuya. A cikin duka akwai ganyayyaki 6-8 na siffar tubular, tsawonsa ya kai cm 20. Furannin suna da fari tare da tsakiyar rawaya, diamita daga 25 zuwa 40 mm. | Farkon Maris shine Mayu. |
| Snow fari | Furen ya kai tsayin cm 30. diamita na kwan fitila ya kai mm 30, wuyansa yana da tsawo. A launi na buds fari ne, perianths suna da siffar mazugi. | Daga Yuli zuwa Oktoba. |
| Zinare | Tsawon tsayi ya kai cm 30, kwan fitila tana da sifofi zagaye, ganyaren kunkuntar ne. Blooming a cikin hanyar mazurari, launi - rawaya. | Maris-Afrilu shine tsakiyar lokacin rani. |
| Ruwan hoda | Kwan fitila yana da girma tare da diamita na kusan cm 3. Furanni masu launin ruwan hoda mai haske tare da rawaya mai haske. | A tsakiyar bazara ne Yuli. |
| Yawaitar | Ya yi fice tare da launuka na asali, hade launuka masu launin ja. |
Kulawar Gida
Lokacin da kake kula da marshmallows a gida, ana bada shawara don la'akari da mahimman mahimmin maki:
| Matsayi | Ayyuka |
| Matsayi na hutawa | Kai tsaye hade da fure mai yawa: a watan Satumba-Nuwamba ko Disamba-Fabrairu. Wajibi ne a runtse zazzabi kuma rage ƙarfin hasken. |
| Haske | Ya fi son warwatse rana. Karku sanya taga a gefen arewa. |
| Zazzabi | A lokacin bazara-bazara + 18 ... + 25 ° C. A cikin sanyi + 10 ... + 12 ° C. |
| Haushi | Babu bukatun danshi. A cikin iska mai bushe, wasu lokuta fesa. |
| Watse | A lokacin furanni, ruwa sau biyu a mako. A cikin hunturu, ya danganta da yanayin da fure, idan ganye yana da rai, to, lokaci-lokaci moisten ƙasa. Tare da cikakken mutuwar ɓangaren ƙasa, dakatar da shayarwa. |
| Manyan miya | Sau daya a kowane mako biyu, yi amfani da takin zamani irin takaddara (Agricola, Kemira-Lux). Fara aikace-aikacen su tare da ƙirƙirar farantin takardar. Bayan an gama mataki na fure, tsaya. |
| Kasar | Haske mai gina jiki. Mafi kyawu don zaɓar abubuwa tare da yashi, humus da turf daidai gwargwado. Don haɓaka haɓaka, ƙara taki phosphate (Superphosphate). |
| Juyawa | A shekara ko kuma kowace shekara 2. Yi amfani da tukwane maras fa'ida amma masu yawa. |
Hanyar titi don tsakiyar hanya
Akwai nau'ikan zephyranthes da yawa waɗanda ke girma sosai a cikin ƙasa buɗe a tsakiyar Rasha: manyan-fure da ruwan hoda.
Babban-fure zai iya samar da farfajiya mai tsawon cm 30. Yana da manyan buds na ruwan hoda-orange. A tsakiyar Rasha, ana iya girma ne kawai idan digging kwararan fitila a cikin fall.
Pink Zephyranthes ya dace da namo waje a lokacin bazara.
Fasahar namo waje
Dasa kuma kula da marshmallows a cikin ƙasa ba mai wahala bane, amma akwai mahimman lambobi masu mahimmanci. Da fari dai, kuna buƙatar zaɓar wurin da ya dace don dasa. An zaɓi fifiko don buɗe wuraren a kan tudu.
A kasar gona ya kamata sako-sako da m. Idan ana aiwatar da dasa a kan loams, to, yashi (kimanin kilo 10 a kowace murabba'in mita) dole ne a ƙara musu. Idan aka dasa fure a cikin yashin ƙasa, an haɗo shi da farko tare da humus.
An ba da shawara don dasa fure a ƙarshen Mayu, a wannan lokacin ƙasa ta rigaya tana da zafi sosai.
Ya kamata a aza rafin da yake ɗauke da pebbles ko tsakuwa da yashi mai tsabta a ƙarshen ramin. Hakanan, ana yayyafa maɓallin lambatu tare da ƙasa, wanda aka sanya kwan fitila. Kafin sanya shuki a cikin ƙasa, ana bada shawara cewa an adana kwan fitila na kimanin minti 30 a Maxim. Bayan dasa shuki fure, ana ba rijiyoyin ruwan da yawa.
Kiwo
Ana fitar da zephyranthes ta hanyoyi da yawa:
- ta zuriya;
- rarraba kwararan fitila na yara.
Shuka da tsaba suna da za'ayi nan da nan bayan samuwar su, saboda bayan watanni biyu zuwa uku sai suka rasa karfinsu na yin shuka. Ana saukowa ƙasa a cikin kwalaye na zurfin zurfi, cike da cakuda yashi da peat. An sanya tsaba a cikin ƙananan ramuka waɗanda ke a nesa na 30-40 mm daga juna. An baza ƙasa, sannan kuma an rufe akwatin da fim.
An bada shawara don sanya greenhouse a wurin da yawan zafin jiki yake + 22 ° C, furanni suna buɗe kullun don samun iska. Na farko sprouts form bayan kwanaki 13-20. Bayan haka, ana ɗaukar shuki a cikin kwantena tare da ƙasa da aka shirya don manya. Farkon fure yana faruwa cikin shekaru biyu zuwa huɗu.
Sake yin amfani da kwararan fitila a cikin lambu ya shahara sosai, saboda kowace rana game da yara 4-5 ana kafa su kusa da su.
A saboda wannan, a lokacin bazara na dasa fure, ya zama dole a hankali a ware duniya daga kwararan fitila, ba tare da lalata tsarin tushe ba sannan kuma a shuka shuka da yardar kaina. Ta hanyar wannan adadin zephyranthes, kulawa baya buƙatar ɗaukar matakai na musamman. Za'a iya lura da farkon fure bayan kusan shekara guda.
Cutar da kwari
A lokacin haɓaka, zephyranthes na iya fama da haɗarin kamuwa da cututtuka da kwari iri-iri:
| Cutar / kwaro | Alamu | Jiyya |
| Garkuwa | Fararen fata launin toka a kan ganye da ganye. Ganyayyaki suna girma mara lalacewa. | Yankunan da abin ya shafa suna shafe tare da maganin Actellic. |
| Macijin Amaryllis | Tsakanin sikelin kwan fitila wasu ƙananan kwari ne masu launin fari. Akwai raguwar ci gaban shuka, ganyayyaki ya bushe kuma ya mutu. | Ana kula da ƙasa tare da maganin kashe kwari. An cire kwararan fitila mai rauni sosai. |
| Spider mite | Furanni sun faɗi, a hankali shuka ya bushe ya zama an rufe shi da farin gizo na bakin ciki. | Ana magance Zephyrantes tare da maganin ruwa da sabulu. A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, an fesa su da Actellic. |
| Farar fata | Ganyayyaki ya koma launin rawaya ya faɗi, babu fure. | An shuka tsiron tare da jami'ai waɗanda ke ɗauke da permethrin. A cikin lokuta masu tsanani, ana amfani da Actelik. Rage yawan ruwa. |
| Fusarium Kwan fitila da cutar ta lalace ta lalace. | Tushen rot, ganye ya bushe kuma ya juya launin rawaya. | Ana kiyaye tsire-tsire a cikin maƙwabta na mintina 30 a cikin maganin Maxim, sannan a dasa shi a cikin sabuwar ƙasa. |
Mr. Mazaunin bazara ya ba da sanarwa: Zephyranthes mai cin zarafin juna ne
Akwai ra'ayi cewa Zephyranthes ya keta jituwa a cikin gidan. Furen da aka sanya a cikin ɗakin kwana zai lalata dangantakar tsakanin mata da miji, kuma yana iya haifar da al'amuran soyayya a gefe. Saboda waɗannan kaddarorin shuka, an bada shawarar sanya shi a cikin ɗakin karatu, karatu da zauren, inda kasancewar ƙarfin aiki zai amfana.
