Tigridia fure ne na fure da ke tsiro zuwa Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka. An kirkiro toho ta manyan 3 da ƙananan ƙananan karafa 3, waɗanda a gindi su "damisa" a launi, saboda haka sunan tsiro. A cikin Indiyawan da suka taɓa zama a ƙasar Mekziko, ana amfani da filayen fure kamar abinci, ana gasa su a cikin gidajen wuta kamar dankali. Kuma kawai a cikin karni na XVI an kawo shuka zuwa Turai a matsayin kayan ado, amma ba a sami rarraba sosai a ɓangaren duniya ba.
Bayani da sifofin tigridia
Itace fure mai tsiro wanda yake tsiro zuwa 0.7 m ba ga tsayi, tare da farawar farko da ke fitowa ba tsayi daga matakin ƙasa ba.
Tushen tigridia sanannen abu ne saboda girmanta, a fasalin yayi kama da albasa. Buds suna bayyana a farkon lokacin bazara, amma zasu iya Bloom a cikin bazara. Furewar fure bata wuce awa 10 ba, sannan ta bushe. A wurinsa zai kasance akwati na iri, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don ƙarin dasawa.
Iri da nau'ikan tigridia
Daga cikin kowane nau'in tigridia, ana noma peacock kawai, wanda ya bayyana a sararin Mexico. Corms an rufe shi da sikelin membranous kuma ya girma har 6 cm a cikin tsinkayen a tsaye. Girman su ba mafi yawa ba ne fiye da cm 4. Lamunan lambu da shayarwa sun buge da wasu nau'ikan peacock tigridia, amma ana amfani da abubuwa masu zuwa:
| Digiri | Furanni |
| Alba | An rufe faranti masu launin fari. |
| Aurea | A wani toho mai arziki, ana samun tatsuniyar carmin. |
| Carminea | Spotted orange-rawaya wakilin. |
| Lilacea | An yi wa furannin furanni masu launin shuɗi launin shuɗi tare da tarkacen carmine. |
| Rosalind | Budurwar launin ruwan hoda. |
| Canariensis | Filayen fure mai launin rawaya firam mai haske mai haske. |
| Fannoni | An rufe fure mai launin shuɗi tare da aibobi na launi na zinariya. |
| Wangutta | Abubuwan furannin waje suna dayan gaske, launin rawaya-burgundy. |
| Chess | Launi a cikin bayyanar yayi kama da daras. |
| Mai amfani da yawa | Tsarin zinare yana ƙawata yanayin asalin burgundy. |
Tigridia dasa a cikin ƙasa bude
Lokacin dasa shuki mai tsire-tsire, yana da mahimmanci a lura da abubuwan da yawa da yanayi waɗanda ke tasiri kai tsaye da haɓaka furen. Don haka, idan aƙalla ɗaya ba a cika shi ba, ƙwayar ba ta haɗari ko kaɗan, kasancewa mai rauni ne kuma a koyaushe yana fallasa cututtuka ko harin kwari.
Lokacin sauka
Perennial sanyi haƙuri ne matalauta, sabili da haka, yana da mafi alh tori shuka shi a cikin ƙasa bude a cikin tuni kafa dumi weather. A cikin hanyoyin rayuwarmu, lokacinda bazara zai faru, ko kuma lokacin bazara.
Wurin saukowa
Babban mahimmancin lokacin dasa shuki fure shine wurin da yake, kuma tunda al'adun suna da son rana sosai, yankin da yake da haske yana da kyau a gare shi. Hakanan ana iya la'akari da Penumbra, bazaiyi tasiri mai kyau ba a kan girman kuzarinsu da jijiyar launi, kodayake, zai shafi mai tushe da farfajiya. Zasu buƙaci tallafi, saboda zasu yi girma sosai. Don kada iska da kwaskwarimar ba su lalata tigrid ba, kuna buƙatar zaɓar wurin da zai kiyaye shi daidai.
Ba mummunan adjo bane ga shekara mai zuwa: gypsophila da lobularia.
Kasar
Furen yana buƙatar sako-sako, danshi da kuma sanye da ƙasa mai malalewa. Game da ƙarancin ƙasa mai mahimmanci, ya kamata a ƙara sawdust da yashi zuwa shafin. A Hauwa na dasa, shi wajibi ne don tono kasar gona da takin mai magani, alal misali, ma'adinai, taki, takin. Don magance acidity na kasar gona, dole ne a kara lemun tsami.
Dokokin saukarwa
Don hana cututtuka irin su fusarium da sauran su, ya zama dole a jiƙa tubers a cikin maganin maganin ƙwaro da aka lalata a cikin rabo da aka nuna akan kunshin.
Zurfin ajiyarsa ya dogara da girman kwan fitila, alal misali, mafi girma ana nutsar da 10 cm a cikin ƙasa, kuma mafi ƙanƙan - 5 cm. A wannan yanayin, yana da daraja lura da nisan da ke tsakanin kwararan fitila na 15 cm da nisan da ke tsakanin layuka na 20 cm. makonni, farkon harbe zai bayyana, wanda zai yi fure a ƙarshen bazara. Ba za su sami lokaci zuwa cikakken fure zuwa sanyi ba, don haka ya kamata a girma tigirdia a cikin gidan kafin a dasa shi a cikin ƙasa.
Kula da Tigridia a cikin Lambuna
Noma ya ƙunshi tsarin matakan kulawa da perennials, musamman, kamar ciyarwa, takin, ciyawa da ciyawa. Itace tana ba da kanta sosai ga namo, idan har ta kware a fasahar noma.
Watse
Dankin yana buƙatar yawan shayarwa da yawan ruwa a kai a kai, yayin kawar da turɓaya danshi a cikin ƙasa. Idan babu ruwan sama, to sai a sanyaya ƙasa a kowace rana kuma a ƙari a fesa shuka a maraice. Tare da yawan wuce gona da iri, Tushen da sauri lalata, saboda haka ya kamata a ƙera shi daidai, duk ruwa ya kamata a tunawa gaba ɗaya kuma kada ya kasance a kan ƙasa.
Manyan miya
Soilasasshen ƙasa ba ya buƙatar ƙarin riguna masu kyau, amma talakawa suna buƙatar sa. Ya kamata a yi amfani da takin zamani na farkon kafin makonni 3-4 bayan dasa tigridium. Lokacin da buds suka fara nunawa, ana iya sake shuka tsiro, ba wai kawai ta hanyar hadi ba, har ma ta fesawa furen tare da mafita mai mahimmanci.
Workarin aiki (loosening, mulching, yankan)
Wurin da tigridia yake girma yakamata a cire shi daga ciyawar cikin lokaci, saboda ba wai kawai suna lalata tsarin furanni bane, harma suna tsokane bayyanar wasu kwari kwari.
Domin danshi kada ya yi turus, amma don shiga cikin ƙasa da sauri, ya zama dole a sassauta ƙasa kusa da tigridia bayan kowace shayarwa. Mulching tare da kwayoyin halitta zai rage nutsar da ruwa da hana bayyanar ciyawa.
Mai jan tsami
Ana yin daskare ne kawai bayan da tigridium ya lalace, lokacin da aka kuranye guraben duka. Ta wannan hanyar, zaka iya kiyaye lafiya da kuzarin kwararan fitila kafin hunturu.
Canza Tigrid
Idan kayi girma kwararan fitila a gida a farkon bazara, to matasa tsire-tsire zasuyi dan kadan a farkon budewar kasa. Don yin wannan, ya kamata a dasa su a cikin mako na biyar na bazara a cikin akwati tare da cakuda ta musamman.
A cikin ƙaramin tukunya guda ɗaya zai dace da kwararan fitila 4, waɗanda yakamata a zurfafa ta da 3 cm cikin ƙasa. Sannan samar masu da sinadarin hydration na yau da kullun. Kamar yadda tsire-tsire ke tsiro, ya zama dole don ƙara yawan ruwa, dangane da gaskiyar cewa ya kamata a sanyaya ƙasa a cikin zurfin a inda kwararan fitila suke.
Tukwane tare da manyan ramuka na magudanar ruwa da tsayin daka don shirya shayarwa daga ƙasa suna da kyau don dasawa. Tare da isowar kibiyoyi, yana da daraja a sanya shukar a kan tagogin lit-lit da ke da kyau. Ya kamata a dasa Tigrid akan titi a farkon bazara.
Kiwo tigridia
Za'a iya kammala yaduwar tigridia ta hanyoyi 2:
- Irin;
- Kayan lambu.
Don hanyar farko, ya zama dole don adana busassun furanni waɗanda ke ƙirƙirar kwalaye. Yawancin lokaci suna lebur, duhu cikin launi. Ya kamata a aiwatar da tarin ɗin kafin sanyi na farko, kuma shuka a cikin hunturu. Sa'an nan kuma sanya a cikin tukwane kuma bar a cikin wurin dumi mai haske. Zazzabi, mai santsi don ƙwayawar shuki da misalin +20 ° C. Lokacin da seedlings suka samo ganyayyaki 2-3, ana iya dasa su cikin kwantena daban. Watanni shida bayan dasa shuki, farkon buds zai bayyana.
Asalin hanyar ta biyu shine dasa yaran. Tsakanin kakarmu, samfurin da ya manyanta zai iya samo ƙananan kwararan fitila da yawa. Yana da Dole a ware su daga tarin fuka daga iyaye kafin dasa shuki a cikin bazara.
Raunin da aka karɓa daga yanke yakamata a kula dashi da carbon mai kunnawa. Bulbsanan ƙananan fitila, ba kamar ƙwararrun tubers ba, kusan ba sa tono a cikin ƙasa lokacin dasawa.
Cutar da kwari
An shuka tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa sau da yawa wanda kwari ke fuskanta, yana kuma mai saukin kamuwa da cututtuka masu haɗari. Kuna iya jimre duk wannan tare da magunguna daban-daban da matakan kariya.
| Matsalar | Magani |
| Rotting ne ya haifar da karancin kwan fitila. | Idan ka aiwatar da tarin ajiyar don ajiyar bayan an mutu wani sashi na shuka, to matsalar ba za ta tashi ba. Don dalilai na hanawa, dole ne a sanya kwararan fitila cikin mafita na fungicides kamar Fundazole ko Benlat. |
| Tsatsa, scab | Kula da lokaci tare da fungicides ko ganye na infusions. |
| Musa | Ba za a iya kamuwa da kwayar cutar ba, saboda haka ba zai yiwu a ceci itacen da ya kamu ba. Kula da kyau zai rage haɗarin kamuwa da wannan cuta. |
| Scoops, caterpillars, thrips | Jiyya tare da maganin kwari. |
| Matsawa | Kawai tarin kayan aiki. Za'a iya sauƙaƙawa idan kun yi amfani da abubuwa daban-daban don ƙirƙirar inuwa wanda kwari da kwari zasu ɓoye. |
| Da Bears | Halaka da hannu, motsin su na iya zama cike da sabulu da ruwa. Wannan ma'aunin zai lalata mazaunan mink, ko tilasta shi ya fashe. |
Tigridia a cikin hunturu
Tigridia bashi da juriya na sanyi, ya isa lokacin hunturu a tsakiyar layi, saboda haka dole ne a haƙa shi a cikin kaka. Zazzabi iska a cikin ɗakin ajiyar kada ya faɗi ƙasa ba tare da sifili ba, amma ba da shawarar ba kuma yana da zafi sosai, sama da +10 ° C. Yana da mahimmanci cewa kwararan fitila sun riga sun girma. Idan akwai yiwuwar cewa kafin sanyi sanyi ƙasa tigridia bata da lokacin da za ta shuɗe gabaɗaya, to lallai yana da mahimmanci ga waɗannan matakan:
- Cire tsutsotsi daga ƙasa ba tare da lalata Tushen ba yayin riƙe da ƙammar ƙura;
- Ajiye cikin ɗaki mai ɗumi mai haske har sai foan itacen ya bushe.
Don haka kuna buƙatar shirya kwararan fitila don ajiya, don wannan yakamata ku:
- Kwasfa da tubers;
- Don wanka;
- Jiƙa a cikin maganin fungicide;
- Dry gaba daya.
Duk wannan lokacin, ƙananan kwararan fitila ba za a rabu da su daga iyayen iyayen ba, yana da kyau a yi wannan a cikin bazara, kai tsaye kafin dasa.
Mr. Maigidan bazara ya ba da shawara: yadda za a adana kwararan fitila
Ya kamata a rufe fitila da yashi ko peat, sannan a bar shi da daidaitaccen alamar nuna zafi da ƙarancin iska. Jakar takarda za ta zama daidai kwantena. Lokaci-lokaci, Wajibi ne a duba bayyanar kwararan fitila don gano lokaci mai yiwuwa da kuma lahani. Ya kamata a zubar da dukkanin kwararan fitila ko bushewa.
