Wataƙila ba a cikin itatuwan marsh sun fi muni ba daji Rosemary Yana da tsire-tsire, yana jawo hankalin lush flowering da furci mai nauyi, mai ƙanshi. Tare da magani mai kyau, wani tsirren daji ya ba da ma'anar ado - yana amfani da gonar kuma yana warkarwa, maganin antiseptic, sakamako mai tsafta akan jiki. Bugu da ƙari, shuka yana da sauƙin sauƙi ba tare da yunkuri ba.
Shin kuna sani? Rosemary yana daga cikin iyalin Heather, sunansa ya fito ne daga tsohuwar kalmar "bangulit" a harshen Rashanci - "don guba", kuma "jakar" da aka samo shi shine "guba", "mai ciwo", "tart". Mutane sun kira shi saboda haka, ƙanshi mai ƙanshi, wanda zai iya ƙinƙasa idan an shafe shi da yawa.
Ledumberry yana da sunan kimiyya - Ledum (Latin Lédum), wanda ya fito ne daga Girkanci "jagoran" - don haka mazaunan Girka da ake kira turare. Har yanzu babu ra'ayi ɗaya game da iyalinsa: Yammacin kudancin Yammacin Turai sun gano dabbar da ke tattare da wariyar launin fata da rhododendron kuma suna nuna dukkanin tsire-tsire iri iri guda - Rhododendron; kuma a cikin asali na Rasha, dabbar da ake kira Rosemary tana da bambanci. Duk da haka, ana iya la'akari da kowane suna daidai.
Halin halayyar dawowar furen daji shine cewa a lokacin flowering, yana sake abubuwa da cewa a cikin manyan allurai na iya samun mummunar tasiri a kan mutane. Maganar wariyar tsintsiya shine mai mahimmanci, wanda ke dauke da guba - guba, wanda ke shafar tsarin mai juyayi. Abin ƙanshi yana haifar da ciwon kai da kuma rashin hankali, don haka ba'a da shawarar kawo furanni a cikin gida. Honey tattara daga furanni ("bugu" zuma), wanda ba za a iya cinyewa ba tare da tafasa, kuma guba.
Types of wildmary
Cibiyar Evergreen Ledum ta ƙunshi nau'in nau'in 10, wanda Ledum roseum ya fi kowa.
Ledum Rosemary
Yana da tsire-tsire mai sanyi wanda ba'a amfani dashi saboda yana da guba. Ya girma a cikin ruwa, a cikin gandun daji na coniferous, har ma a yankuna, musamman a Gabas da Gabas Siberia, Southern da Arewacin Turai, Arewa maso gabashin kasar Sin, Arewacin Mongoliya, da kuma Arewacin Amirka. Wannan shrub yakan girma har zuwa 60 cm a tsawo, amma akwai tsire-tsire masu isa zuwa 120 cm.
'Ya'yan wannan shuka ita ce akwatin pyatignezdnaya mai mahimmanci. Lush, m flowering na marsh daji Rosemary fa, tã da hankali ga shrub a matsayin ornamental shuka, amma ta namo a cikin lambu ba ma na kowa. Noma na wannan jinsin mai sauƙi ne, tare da fasahar aikin noma mai kyau, yana zaune a cikin lambun gandun daji na dogon lokaci.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin mutanen da ake kira daji mai suna klopovaya ciyayi, mashigin marsh, oregano, fassarori, marubucin ruhu, da allahiya, da bagunicus, da bogun, da marsh kanabra, gandun daji.
Bagulnik Greenland
Wannan nau'in na kowa ne a yankin Arctic a ko'ina. A Turai, Greenland dajiyar Rosemary ta kai ga Alps, a Arewacin Amirka ta kai arewacin Ohio, New Jersey, Oregon, da Pennsylvania. Ya ke tsiro ne a kan ƙwayar peat ko jinsunan ruwa, kuma wani lokaci a kan tsaunuka mai tsayi mai tsayi. Evergreen shrub kai a tsawo na 50 cm - 1 m (wani lokacin har zuwa 2 m). An cire ganyen shuka daga sama, an rufe shi da farin ko gashi mai launin launin fata daga kasa, kuma yana da kishi a gefuna. Gidan yana da babban sanyi.
Bagulik Greenland ta fara daga tsakiyar Yuni har zuwa rabin na Yuli. Ƙananan furen furanni, kazalika da cikin shayi na shari'ar Rosemary, samar da siffar siffar fure-fuka da kuma ƙanshi mai haske. A cikin aikin lambu, daji Rosemary daji Rosemary ne rare, mafi yawa a cikin tarin na Botanical gidãjen Aljanna. Kwayoyin shuka sun fara ta ƙarshen Satumba.
Shin kuna sani? Greenland Ledumberry yana da nau'i mai ban sha'awa na kamfanonin (Compacta) - wani shuki mai tsawo har zuwa 45 cm a tsawo. Yana da muhimmancin darajar saboda yawancin furanni na kananan furanni, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin inflorescences.
Ledum Rosewood
Mazaunin furen daji mai girma shine Far East da Eastern Siberia, Yankin Koriya ta Japan, Japan. Ya girma a cikin ragowar tsaunukan tsaunuka na coniferous, har ma a kan kwasfa na sphagnum, a kan gefen giraben dutse a tsakanin heather bushes. Ya kai tsawon tsawo zuwa 50 zuwa 130. Yana da launi mai yawa, daga cikin shekara ta biyu na Mayu zuwa farkon Yuni. A tsaba na daji Rosemary na ripberry ripen a marigayi Agusta - farkon Satumba.
Ledum bar creeping
Ledum bar creeping, ko daji roseum girma girma a Siberia, Far East: Kamchatka, Chukotka, Sakhalin, Primorye; a arewacin Arewacin Amirka, a tsibirin Greenland. Low shrub, ya kai 20 - 30 cm tsawo, wanda ya sa shi mafi ƙasƙanci-nau'in nau'in. Yana tsiro a cikin bishiyoyi masu tsire-tsire, a kan tudun ruwa, a cikin tundra, a kan tsaunukan tsaunukan sphagnum, a kan tuddai da dutsen tsabta.
Harberan wannan jinsin suna da farin ciki, gashi-m-m. Ganye yana da dogon lokaci, daga 1 zuwa 2.5 cm, layin linzamin, raƙanta sosai, an nannata ƙasa. A ƙarshen marigayi - farkon lokacin rani, lokacin da daji na furen fure, creeping, da inflorescences kai 2 cm a diamita - wadannan su ne mafi girma furanni na kowane iri na daji Rosemary. Duk da haka, flowering ba ta da yawa, ba a matsayin tsalle kamar yadda 'yan'uwanmu ba.
A zabi na wuri da ƙasa ga Rosemary
Ledumberry zai iya zauna a kusa ko'ina, amma ya fi kyau shuka shi a cikin inuwa, domin ba ya son hasken rana. Lush inflorescences duba m tare da baya na spruce, Pine ko thuja, don haka don sakamako na ado za ka iya shuka su kusa da wadannan shuke-shuke. Tun da asalinta ya zama marsh, ƙasa a ƙarƙashin jagora, musamman marsh, ya kamata ya zama acidic da sako-sako. Don wannan, rami mai saukowa yana cike da cakuda mai girma (3 sassa), yashi (1 ɓangare) da ƙasa coniferous ko haushi na itace (2 sassa). Irin waɗannan nau'o'in Ledum rosewood da Greenland zasu iya girma ko da a ƙasa mai laushi da yashi, a maimakon haka an sanya matakan bisa ga wannan ka'ida, amma tare da yawan yashi.
Dasa daji Rosemary
Girma dajiyar Rosemary baya buƙatar biyan kuɗi tare da ka'idodi masu banƙyama na dasa shuki da kulawa, yana da damuwa da sanyi. Mafi kyaun lokaci don shuka wani daji Rosemary ne spring. Amma idan ka sayi wata shuka tare da tsarin tushen rufaffiyar, to, lokacin shuka ba kome ba ne. Mafi girma daga tushen tushen dajiyar daji shine a zurfin 20 cm, amma zurfin fossa ya kamata ya zama 40-60 cm, tun da an shuka shuka a wuri na dindindin na dogon lokaci. Lafiya daga yashi da kogin ruwa suna fada barci a kasa na rami mai saukowa tare da Layer na 5-8 cm.Don kada ku jira har sai samfurori ya bunƙasa, za ku iya dasa shuki da yawa a cikin rami ɗaya a lokaci guda, yayin da yake girmama nisa tsakanin ramukan 60-70 cm. Bayan dasa shuki, wajibi ne a buƙafa bushes.
Kula da dajiyar Rosemary a gonar
Duk da cewa dafafen ganye ba su buƙatar ƙasa mai kyau, har yanzu suna buƙatar taki don bunkasa mai kyau. Sabili da haka, don samun kyakkyawan kayan lambu, dole ne a ciyar da shi. Yi shi sau ɗaya a kowace kakar, a cikin bazara. Ana ciyar da Ledum tare da taki mai ma'adinai, wanda aka watse a karkashin bushes na 50-70 g da mita mita ga shuke-shuke girma da 30-40 g ga matasa. Ganye ba ya buƙatar pruning na musamman. Don kula da kamanninta na ado, kawai an yanke rassan rassan da rassan.
A cikin bushe da zafi zafi daji Rosemary yana bukatar watering. Sau ɗaya a mako ya kamata a shayar da shi sosai, ta yin amfani da lita lita 7-10 na daji. Bayan watering, kasar gona a kusa da daji ya kamata a kwantar da hankali kuma a cike shi da peat don ci gaba da dumi.
Yana da muhimmanci! Sako da ƙasa ya kamata a sassauta shi sosai don kauce wa lalacewa ga tushen tsarin da ke kusa da farfajiya.
Hanyar na kiwo daji Rosemary
Yana yiwuwa a propagate iri daban-daban na daji Rosemary a hanyoyi daban-daban: iri da vegetative (cuttings, rarraba wani daji, grafting).
Tsaba
A cikin kaka, a kan dogayen 'ya'yan itace mai tushe daga bishiya shukiyar shuki wanda zai iya ganin akwatunan kwalliya, kamar kamannin ƙananan shaguna. A tsaba na daji Rosemary ripen a cikin su, tare da abin da shi multiplies. Tsaba ya kamata a shuka a cikin kwalaye ko tukwane a farkon lokacin bazara, a saman ƙasa, kafin a haɗe shi da yashi. Kasar gona ya zama sako-sako da kuma acidic, gauraye da yashi. Sa'an nan kuma an rufe tukwane da gilashi kuma an tsaftace shi a wuri mai sanyi. Ana shayar da tsire-tsire tare da ruwan sama ko rabuwa da ruwa, suna kwantar da tukwane a kowace rana da goge gilashi. Tsaba germinate yawanci bayan makonni 3-4 kuma yana buƙatar kulawa da hankali.
Hanyoyi masu cin ganyayyaki
Mafi yawan hanyar da ake amfani da ita na vegetative yaduwa na dajiyar Rosemary yana da layering. Ƙananan harbe ya lanƙwara da tushen kusa da uwar daji. An dasa shi a cikin rami (aƙalla 20 cm zurfi), an rufe ɓangaren tsakiya tare da cakuda ƙasa da peat, kuma saman da ganye an daura shi zuwa fatar. Bayan wannan, rami mai ɓatarwa yana shayar da shi a kai a kai a kai a tsakiya. Hanyar da aka saba amfani dashi shine rarraba wani daji.
A farkon lokacin bazara, mai girma shrub yana rarrabe a hankali cikin kananan seedlings kuma an shuka a cikin ƙasa. Sa'an nan kuma dasa shuki. Har ila yau, don yaran daji, haifuwa ta hanyar cuttings zai yiwu, duk da haka, wannan hanya yana buƙatar wasu basira. An girbe cuttings a lokacin rani: rabi-lignified harbe an yanke zuwa tsawon 5-7 cm, da ƙananan ganye an yanke, barin wasu 'yan sama. Don ci gaba da tsayar da cututtukan, suna bukatar a gudanar da su tsawon sa'o'i 18-24 a cikin wani bayani na heteroauxin 0.01%, indole acetic acid (IAA) ko kuma acid succinic 0.02%, sa'an nan kuma a rinsed kuma a dasa a cikin akwati. Amma ko da bayan irin wannan magani, tushen rudun daji ya fara ne kawai a shekara ta gaba a cikin bazara.
Cututtuka da ƙwayar cuta
Idan ka kirkiro mai tsabta don wariyar Rosemary, shi kusan bazai da lafiya kuma ba a kai hari ta hanyar kwari. A bayyane yake, wannan shi ne saboda wariyar wariyar da ke tsayar da kwari. A lokuta da yawa, cututtuka na fungal da tsabtace gizo-gizo da gadoji na iya faruwa, wanda zai haifar da rawanin yellowing da leaf fall. Don magance su, wajibi ne mu bi da shuka tare da kwari.
Amfani da tsirran daji a gonar
Dukkan ire-iren furen nama ne masu kyau, kyawawan tsire-tsire waɗanda suke ado da lambuna a launi mai launi. Yawancin lambu suna shuka shuka don yin ado da tafkin koguna ko kan tuddai. Abubuwan dake haifar da ganyen daji, sun kashe kwayoyin cututtukan da ke cutar da mutane. Bugu da ƙari, rosemary yana da sakamako mai warkarwa. Abubuwa masu muhimmanci, waɗanda suke dauke da su a cikin bishiya, sunyi tasirin maganin antiseptic mai karfi kuma suna amfani da su wajen maganin cututtuka da yawa. 
A yau, yaudara da magani na yau da kullum sun san komai daga duk abin da ke faruwa game da ganyayyun daji, nazarin wannan shuka da tasirinsa akan jikin mutum da kuma yanayi yana gudana. Saboda haka, ba abin mamaki ba ne da daɗewa lambu za su koyi game da yawancin amfani da kaddarorin wannan shuka ornamental.
