Kusan kashi arba'in na karni daya da suka wuce, an dauki inabi a matsayin amfanin gona. Amma yanzu, viticulture ya tashi zuwa sabon matakin. Yanzu kowa zai iya shuka itacen inabi a kan shafin.
Amma ko da yaushe akwai matsala, wane irin zaɓa? Bayan haka, kowannensu ya bambanta da juna ba kawai a dandano ba, amma har ma a wasu dalilai.
A cikin wannan labarin mun bayyana dukkan halaye na 'ya'yan inabi na farko na Rasha.
Bayani iri-iri na Rasha a farkon
Rashanci na farko ya nuna nau'in inabi. Wannan yana nufin cewa an girma ya ci wannan inabin. Nau'in teburin iri dabam-dabam ne da wasu ta wurin dandanowa na 'ya'yan itace, da kyawawan alamu, da ƙanshi mai kyau da kuma launi. Su ne Karmakod, Koriya Rasha da Lily na kwarin.
Bugu da ƙari, sune samfurin abinci mai illa. Mutane saboda haske mai dandalin caramel wanda ake lakabi "alewa" ko 'ya'yan inabi na' ya'yan.
Bayyanar inabi
Wannan iri-iri yana da kyakkyawan bayyanarwa. Its berries ne zagaye, duhu duhu launi launi. Nauyin nau'in Berry daya ne daga grams biyar zuwa takwas, ɗayan kuma yana kimanin kilo 400.
Romeo, Chocolate da Taifi kuma suna da kyau bunches da berries.
Bunch of Yana da nauyin yawa, yayin da gungu suna da tabbaci a kanji da tsayayya da sufuri. Tsawon gungu zai iya kai har zuwa ashirin da biyar inimita. Kulp a cikin berries crunches, da tara tara, yana da sweetish, moderately dandano mai dandano. Bush Bush. Ganye yana da matsakaici a girman, nau'in zuciya.
Hotuna
Tarihin kiwo
An samu tare da samfuriri dake Shasla Arewa da Michurinets. Marubucin shine masanin kimiyyar Soviet daga Novocherkassk Ya.I. Potapenko. Ya ci gaba da hanyar da za a shuka jinsin sanyi da kuma 'ya'yan inabi mai suna mildew. Amirkhan, Aladdin da Vityaz sun kasance a hannun wannan makiyaya.
Halaye
Kamar yadda sunan yake nuna, Early Early Russian - farkon maturing. Lokaci mai tsabta yana da sauri, daga 105 zuwa 115 days, shi ya fara a watan Agusta. Wannan innabi yana da juriya mai sanyi, yana tsayayya da yanayin sanyi har zuwa -23 C. Saboda haka, ana samun kayan lambu a wurare masu zafi na Rasha, kamar: Far East, Siberia, North-West.
Super Extra, Beauty of the North, Arched sami karfi da tsayayya da sanyi.
Yawan aiki shi ne matsakaici, kusan biyar zuwa bakwai kilogram berries daga daji.
Na farko shekaru 4-5 na inganci girma, ya sannu a hankali ƙara itace. Saboda wannan, yawan amfanin gona na farko ba ƙarfafawa a cikin babban kundin - akwai 'yan karamar ƙananan, kananan berries. Tuni wani ɓangaren inabin inabin zai iya samarwa har zuwa 25 kg.
A cikin ƙwayar inabi za a iya rubuta cewa shi unpretentious da kuma sauki tsaftacewa. Daga cikin misalai irin su Aleshenkin dar, Giovanni da Denisovsky.
Don dasa shuki, ana rami rami game da rabin mita mai zurfi, kuma ƙasashe a cikin fall. Inabi ya kamata a shayar a kai a kai ga berries ba fashe kuma ta haka ne ba ya jawo hankalin wasps.
Pruning shi ne mafi alhẽri a yi matsakaici, amma gajere kuma yarda. A lokacin da ake yankewa, dole a biya hankali musamman don kara diamita daga cikin akwati. Saboda wannan, dandano na berries zai inganta, girmansu da kuma girman gungu.
Cututtuka da kwari
Rum na farko yana da dangantaka da juna ga cututtuka masu zuwa:
- Mildew - A cutar da ke shafar duk wuraren kore na inabõbi.
- Gishiri mai laushi - kamuwa da cuta, haddasa mummunar lalacewa ga shuka. Girman launin toka yana taimakawa ga yanayi mai tsabta.
- Oidium - Wani cuta da ke shafi berries da kuma kore sassa na inabõbi.
- Har ila yau, rukuni na Rasha yana da tsayayya sosai ticks.
Kwayar da ta fi kowa da haɗari wanda babu wata rigakafi - Phylloxera (aphid-farka). Wannan mummunan kwaro yana lalatar da inabinsa daga tushen. A hankali, innabi ya rage yawan amfanin ƙasa, kuma bayan shekaru 5-8 ya mutu.
Yadda za a magance phylloxera?
- Shuka inabi a kan yashi kasa.
- Ruwa ruwa da ruwa na kwana uku zuwa hudu.
- Rushe kamuwa da cutar ta rigaya.
- Idan kwaro ya kasance a kan litattafai a cikin ƙananan ƙananan, rassan ya karya ya ƙone.
- Kuzari kwayoyi (Fastak, Aktellik, Kinmiks, Fozalon).
Wani mawuyacin ƙaddarawa shine wasps. Ya kamata a lura cewa suna kawo barazana ne kawai a ƙarshen lokacin rani, lokacin da girbi ya faru. Da farko, su ne kishiyar hakan. Don magance wasps akwai irin waɗannan hanyoyin:
- Halakar dukan mazauna.
Da safe, lokacin da asp din ba a cikin hive ba, sami shi. Da dare, a lokacin da duk furewa ya dawo cikin gida, tofa ruwa a kan saurin kai tsaye a ciki. Bayan haka, cire kuma ƙone. - Bomb din.
Daga hayaki hayaki ya fada ƙasa, inda suke da saukin murkushewa. Amma yi hankali, har yanzu kana buƙatar kariya daga naman su. - Bait don wasps.
Yi koto kusa da gida. Zai zama mafi aminci don zub da guba tare da abinci mai dadi.
Great rashin jin daɗi a cikin namo na inabõbi da kuma kawo tsuntsaye. Suna cin 'ya'yan inabi kuma suna kawo ruwan' ya'yan itace zuwa ga kajin su. Don kaucewa wannan, ya fi kyau a kewaye da inabin da cibiyar sadarwa wadda tsuntsaye ba za su shiga ciki ba, amma za su fuskanci wata kariya mai wuya.
A ƙarshe, Ina so in ce Ruman Rasha na da amfani fiye da sauran 'ya'yan inabi na inabin saboda dandano, sauƙi na goyon baya da kuma farkon ripening. Wani babban kuma shine juriya mai sanyi, wanda ke nufin cewa za'a iya girma a wasu yankuna fiye da wasu.
Rasha na farko yana da dangin zumunta na kowa innabiirin su mildew, oidium, m mold. Kuma ga sauran cututtuka ana bi da shi a cikin hanyar da sauran. Kuna iya karantawa game da irin wannan cututtukan innabi kamar anthracnose, bacteriosis, chlorosis, rubella da ciwon kwayar cutar ta kwayar cuta a cikin takardun shafukan yanar gizonmu.
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