Samun sha'awa a ceri a matsayin tsire-tsire na 'ya'yan itace mai cin gashin kanta ne saboda girmanta da fasaha na biochemical.
Babban muhimmanci a cikin inganta wannan al'adar 'ya'yan itace dutse ita ce zaɓi na sabon iri. Daya daga cikin wadannan nau'in jinsin ne ceri minx.
Yana da muhimmanci musamman ga masu aikin lambu a yankunan kudancin da ke da yanayi mai dadi sosai. Har ila yau, Minry Cherry, bayanin irin nau'o'in da kuma hoto wanda za ku samu daga baya a cikin labarin, yana da mafi girma da juriya ga cututtuka.
Tarihin kiwo da yankin kiwo
Daya daga cikin 'yan' 'ceri' mafi girma a tsohuwar Soviet Union ya kasance kuma ya kasance haka Ukraine A nan ne iri-iri na Minx ya bred.
Wannan ya faru ne a kan Cibiyar Melitopol Cibiyar Irrigated Agriculture. Mf Sidorenko (tsohon filin gwagwarmayar Melitopol, IS NAAS), wanda aka sani don bunkasa yawan asali na cherries da cherries.
Akalla gaskiyar cewa a halin yanzu game da kashi 90 cikin 100 na dukkan nau'ikan iri dake cikin Ukraine an halicce shi a cikin Melitopol yayi magana game da ainihin rawar da wannan kimiyya da ma'aikata keyi wajen yada al'adun ceri.
Ana gudanar da nazarin ilimin jinsin Shalunya iri-iri a cikin yankin Zaporizhzhya a tsakiyar shekarun 1960 kuma ya ƙare tare da rajista na nau'ikan iri iri a 1966.
Marubuta na wannan ceri suna shahararrun masu shayarwa na Ukrainian - Doctor of Sciences Sciences Nikolai Turovtsev da matarsa, gwani na wannan institute, Valentina Turovtseva.
Dalili akan zaɓin sabon sabon alamar da aka yi amfani da ita ya dauki ceri Samsonovka da Duke (samfurin na ƙetare da ceri da kuma dadi ceri) iri Kiev 19.
Dangane da saurin hawan ƙwayar waɗannan nau'o'in, samari mai ban sha'awa ya fito, ya bambanta ta yawancin halayen kirki, ciki harda mai kyau, maimakon manyan bishiyoyi da manyan bishiyoyi masu dadi a hanyar kudancin.
Tun lokacin da aka haife shi, iri-iri ya zama tartsatsi a gonaki na horticultural na Ukraine.
Bisa ga sakamakon ƙarin bincike na Minx a 1997 an hade shi a cikin Rundunar Rashawa ta Varietal da Rasha zoned a Arewacin Caucasus yankin.
Podbelskaya, Black Large da Toy iri suna girma sosai a wannan yanki.
Bayyanar ƙanshi
Minx Cherry yana da siffofi masu zuwa waɗanda suka bambanta shi daga wasu nau'in ceri.
Tree
An rarraba shi tsire-tsire masu girma. Girman da itacen ke gudana daga matsakaici zuwa girma girma. A kan haushi na babban gangar jikin wannan ceri, wanda yana da launin launin launin toka-launin launin ruwan kasa, an yi watsi da kwaskwarima.
Crown, rassan. Da isasshen tsawon yada rassan wannan ceri siffar wata kambi mai yalwa da tasowa. Krone yana da muhimmanci ƙwarai a sama.
Harbe. Tsayayye, samun launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa. A kauri daga mafi yawan harbe ne matsakaici. A kan harbe, musamman a kan kananan bishiyoyi, yawancin launin toka, lebur suna da kyau.
Girma suna girma da shekaru daya, da kuma rassan bishiyoyi. Dole ne a dauki wannan lamari a yayin da ake yanke itacen, don haka kada ya rage girman ɓangaren shuka.
A cikin tsaka-tsalle masu tsalle-tsalle masu launin silhouette. Tsarin taƙaitacce suna da rikici sosai, sun fada da wuri kaɗan. Kowane ganye an ajiye shi a kan ɗan gajeren, thickened da pigmented petiole.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari
Wakilci fairly manyan zagaye berries na duhu ja (burgundy), sau da yawa kusan launi. Dutsen ceri yana da nau'i mai siffar, zanensa yana alama da rashin tausanan zuciya, kuma karami mai mahimmanci, wanda ba a iya gani ba ne a cikin ciki.
Lighthouse, Banks da kuma Dessert Morozova kuma iya fariya manyan masu girma dabam na berries.
An rufe bakar da bakin ciki, amma mai dadi, tare da ƙananan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda za'a iya cirewa daga ɓangaren litattafan almara. Burgundy ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da laushi mai laushi, ya ƙunshi mai yawa duhu ruwan 'ya'yan itace.
A cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara ne ƙananan kashi. A cikakke 'ya'yan itace na minx ceri weighs a kan talakawan 5-6 g. An nuna shi ta hanyar rawar jiki dandano mai dadi.
Wadannan irin su Chernokorka, Frostbite da Zhivitsa suna nuna dandano.
Hotuna
Nau'in iri-iri
A cewar masana da yawa, shalunya iri-iri ne mai kyau kyawawan abin da ke nuna alamun kyakkyawar al'adun kasuwancin duniya.
Universal kuma Volochaevka, Griot Moscow da Lebedyanskaya.
Yana haɗuwa da kyakkyawar dandano, yawan amfanin ƙasa mai kyau, mai kyau juriya ga cututtuka daban-daban.
Irin wannan nau'in ƙirar matasan yana da nau'i mai yawa. shuke-shuke maras amfani. Wannan yana nuna cewa ba tare da taimakon itatuwan pollinating kusa ba, haɗuwa tare da 'ya'yan itace mai yiwuwa ba zai yiwu ba.
Ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na Vavilov, Zhukovskaya da Malinovka ma su da kansu.
Saboda haka, lambu, wanda ya dogara da abubuwan tarin m dadi m cherries, an shawarci kula da gaba cewa wasu irin cherries ana shuka su ne a nan kusa kusanci da Shalunya seedlings.
Mai kyau pollinators ga Minx ne irin cherries. Samsonovka da Chernokorkakazalika da irin ƙyawawan iri Winka da Valery Chkalov.
Ta hanyar ragewa Minx yana da nau'i na amfanin gona na tsakiyar kakar. Terms of ripening daga cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa ya dogara da wurin namo.
Musamman, a cikin yanayin yanayin gona na horticultural na Melitopol - da mahaifarsa na wannan iri-iri - cikakken maturation yawanci yakan auku by Yuni 20-25.
Amma dole ne mu tuna cewa girbi na farko na wannan ceri zai iya bayar 3 shekaru bayan saukowa sapling
Tare da kulawa na al'ada da kuma yadda ya dace da duk bukatun masana'antu, Minx, farawa daga shekaru 5-6, yana ba da lokacin tare da itace guda har zuwa 15-20 kilogiram na 'ya'yan itatuwa da tare da Shekaru 10 - har zuwa 35-40 kg kowane itace.
Irin irin nauyin irin su Turgenevka, wannan zamani, Tamaris za ta yi farin ciki da yawan amfanin ƙasa.
'Ya'yan itãcen wannan iri-iri ne daya daga cikin mafi dadi cherriesfaranta gourmets tare da shi Tonic sweet-sourish bouquet.
A kan sikelin 5-zane na dandano na ceri, ana gwada Minend din daga masana Maki 4.8.
Abin da ake ji daɗi yana da daidaituwa da nauyin kwayoyin halitta, wanda yake kama da haka:
| Haɗuwa | Yawan |
|---|---|
| Sugar | 10,4% |
| Acid | 0,94% |
| Dry matter | 16,0% |
Kamar sauran sauran "duwatsu" masu banƙyama, kyakkyawa da rawar jiki Minx shine samfurin lafiya.
Ya ƙunshi babban adadin bitamin kungiyoyin daban-daban folic acid - Wani tushen aiki na al'ada na tsarin sigina da kuma tsarin rigakafi.
Har ila yau, 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da wadata a irin wajibi ne don abubuwan jikin mutum baƙin ƙarfe, alli, phosphorus, jan karfe, magnesium, citric da malic kwayoyin acid.
Tare da rashin haƙuri na fari, wannan ƙyan zuma yana dauke da isasshen kuma hunturu hardy iri-iri. Duk da haka Ƙananan batun nan shine flower buds.
Mafi kyau hunturu hardiness ne nuna ta iri Vladimirskaya, Ashinskaya Stepnaya, Molodezhnaya.
Saboda haka, idan zafin jiki ya saukad da a cikin hunturu zuwa -25 ° C Tun da itace da itace ba su daskare dan kadan ba, adadin buds da suka mutu daga sanyi a cikin buds buds kusan kusan 58%.
Lokacin da ragowar sanyi ya faru, har zuwa 30% na furanni na Minx zai mutu.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na wannan iri-iri suna amfani da su a duniya kuma za a iya cinye su duka da kuma sarrafa su (jam, jams, compotes, veins, da sauransu).
Dasa da kulawa
Don yin cikakken dasa wannan al'ada, dole ne ka fara zaɓar wurin da shi a cikin gonar gonar.
Dole ne wannan wuri ya cika yawancin yanayi sau ɗaya. - ya kamata sosai lit da hasken rana (mafi yawancin wannan ana iya samun wannan ta hanyar ajiye sapling a gefen kudancin filin), zuwa gare ta ruwan teku kada ya kasance kusa da 1.5-2 m (wanda ya kasance mai rikitarwa kuma saboda haka yana da damuwa ga ƙasa mai daskarewa yana da mummunan ƙwayar itace), kasar gona ya zama muni ko yashi.
Akwai wasu bukatun da aka tsara kan aiwatar da dasa shuki. Anyi wannan tsari ko dai a cikin bazara (kafin flowering), ko a cikin kaka (ba bayan karshen watan Satumba) ba.
Domin ana kifaye seedling rami game da 50-60 cm zurfi da 60-70 cm a diamita
Lokacin kayyade zurfin rami, an ɗauka cewa a lokacin dasa shuki tushen asalin ya kamata a yardar da yardar kaina, ba tare da an saka shi ba, an sanya shi a cikin wurin.
Suna tono shi a hanyar da bayan barci a ƙasa (kasar gona kafin a haxa shi da humus, 30-40 g na superphosphate da 20 g na potassium chloride) da wuya wuyansa na seedling ya tashi 5-7 cm sama da ƙasa.
Bayan an shigar da iri a cikin rami, kuma asalinsu suna rufe damin ƙasa, yankin da ke kusa da gangar jikin dole ne a yi la'akari da hankali.
Sa'an nan kuma, tare da radius na 30-35 cm, an kafa rami a kusa da kututture, iyakarta ta haifar da bango mai zurfi. A cikin raunin kafa 2-3 buckets na rabu da ruwa ana zuba. Kasar gona ta zauna bayan ban ruwa ciyawa 2-centimeter Layer na takin ko sawdust.
Hannun gargajiya na irin wajibi ne a cikin lokaci tsarar da ƙasa da cire kauyen shuke-shuke a lokacin. Har ila yau, wajibi ne a gudanar da aikin kullum pruning.
Musamman ma, yawancin rassan rassan da aka raunana kuma yawancin su a cikin farkon bazara. A daidai wannan lokaci An bada shawara don cirewa da wuce haddi.
Bayan shekaru 7-8 bayan saukarwa, lokacin da bushewa na manyan rassan ya fara, an bada shawarar su yanke su. Amma kafin cire su, dole ne a shirya tushen harbe mai karfi.
Tsarin kulawa da kyau ya dace da ƙaddarar ƙimar ƙasa a gonar.
Idan akwai kima da yawa daga ƙasa wanda zai iya cutar da shuka sosai, to, zuwa ƙasa a tsawon lokaci na shekaru 5, zaka iya ƙara bayani mai lemun tsami. Wannan ya kamata ya daidaita matakin acidity.
Watch bidiyo game da dokoki don trimming cherries.
Cututtuka da kwari
Bambancin minx yana nuni kyakkyawan juriya ga cututtuka masu girma 'ya'yan itace na dutse, ciki har da cututtukan cututtuka irin su coccomicosis da moniliasis.
Tabbatar da coccomycosis da wasu fungi suna nunawa ta Fairy, Hope da Zhukovskaya.
Game da tasirin rodents, wanda zai iya cin abinci na yau da kullum a cikin hunturu, a nan yana amfani da hanyoyin gargajiya na kariya.
Idan duk halayen adadin cherries sun hadu, To, Minx zai yi farin ciki tare da kwarewa kuma ya zama kyaun ado na tebur.
Idan kana buƙatar wasu nau'o'in cherries, don kula da Lyubskaya, Tamaris da Yenikeev Memories.
