Kayan ado na gidan bazara - gladiolus. Don gamsar da fure, kyakkyawa, amma amfanin gona mai daɗaɗa yana buƙatar kulawa. Yadda za a ciyar da gladioli don ci gaban aiki da fure? Me za a hada a menu na fure? Waɗannan tambayoyin suna damun mazaunan bazara da yawa.
Bayanin gladioli
Akwai almara game da fure. Dangane da labari, furanni sun girma daga takobi na maƙeran mayaƙan Thracian, waɗanda Romawa suka zama gladiators. 2 fursunoni: Sevt da Teres, sun yi abokai a zaman talala. Ta hanyar kwamandan sojan Rome, don nishaɗar da jama'a, sun yi yaƙi da juna. An yi wa wanda ya yi nasara alkawarin yanci ya dawo gida a matsayin sakamako.
Manyan riguna don kyakkyawan fure mai ban sha'awa na gladioli
Amma matasa sun ƙi yaƙin, yayin da suka zare takubba a cikin ƙasa. An kashe su da rashin biyayya. Lokacin da gawarwakin sojoji suka shiga cikin ƙasa, wani abin al'ajabi ya faru: takuba suka fitar da asalinsu kuma suka yi fure. A cikin girmamawa ga jarumi gladiators, sunan gladioli ya bayyana a tsire-tsire. Suna nuna alamar abota, biyayya, rashin son kai.
An shuka tsire sosai saboda kaddarorin kayan adonsu. Abubuwan dabam na fure:
- tsari;
- girma;
- canza launi;
- lokacin furanni;
- dogon adanawa a yanke.
Tsayin Peduncle ya bambanta daga 0.5 zuwa 1.3 m.
An fassara kalmar daga Latin kamar takobi. Gladiolus kamar takobi ne. Inflorescence na al'adar sako-sako ne mai kaikayi 1-ko 2. Girman inflorescence na dwarf iri ya kai 25 cm, har zuwa 120 cm - a cikin manyan-flowered.
Varietal iri-iri na gladioli
Gladioli suna da yawa a cikin wurare masu yawa - akwai 5,000. Rayuka daban-daban akan matsakaita kimanin shekaru 10.
Ganye suna m, sessile, layi ko xiphoid, wanda ya kai tsawon cm 80. Tushen gladiolus sune corm.
A bayanin kula. Tare da fitar da sababbin furanni, saurin karuwa a cikin girman farjin yana faruwa. Girman furanni ya kai daga 3.5 zuwa 26 cm.
Akwatin gidan yanar gizo cike da tsaba mai 'ya'yan itace itace' ya'yan itacen fure. Yawan su 250 inji mai kwakwalwa. A tsaba ba su da wani m zamani. Shuka da kayan iri bayan tarin ana tare da germination bayan makonni 2-3.
Dace dace
Kyakkyawan furanni na gladioli ana kula da su kafin lokaci. Sun tono mãkirci a kan bayoneti felu da kuma gabatar da rotted taki: 2 buckets da 1 m2. Suna ciyar da kasar gona tare da takin gargajiya na potash da phosphorus: kowace murabba'in - 40 g.
Tare da isowar bazara kwanaki 20 kafin dasa shuki, urea an saka shi a cikin ƙasa: 20 g da 1 m2. Lokacin dasa shuki tubers, ana kula da ƙasa tare da phytosporin ko potassium permanganate.
Phytosporin don aiki
Daga cikin sanannun hanyar hadi da gladioli shine tincture na tafarnuwa taro.
Kafin dasa shuki, ana sa albasarta a cikin biostimulator. Optionally, gladiolus yayi girma akan chernozem mai arziki da sandstone tare da pH mai dan kadan acid. Acidification na kasar gona barnatar yana tasiri da martabar fure.
Mahimmancin abubuwan gina jiki
Gladiolus yana buƙatar nitrogen, potassium da phosphorus, wani lokacin - a cikin magnesium, alli. Lokacin girma furanni a cikin ƙananan rani, an iyakance su ga yin girke-girke waɗanda ke ɗauke da manyan abubuwan gina jiki 3: phosphorus, nitrogen da potassium.
Nasihun taki
Waɗanne nau'in manyan miya ake buƙata don gladiolus
Bayan dasa albasa, ana ciyar da furanni da nitrogen, wanda ke da alhakin haɓaka, godiya ga abubuwan gina jiki. Canji a launi na foliage yana nuna alamun yunwa na nitrogen. Ya juya a cikin wani kodaduwa kore, mai arziki kore hue yayi magana akan wuce haddi na nitrogen. Green taro yana haɓaka, juriya ga cututtukan phyto-raguwa.
Phosphorus - wannan shi ne abin da gladioli takin kafin fure, yana shafar saurin da adadin haɓakar budurwa. Tana samarda sinadarin hydrocarbon metabolism. Rashin sa tsokani:
- paucity na buds;
- fure mara kyau;
- jinkirta ci gaba.
Ciyar da matasa gladioli tare da phosphorus-dauke mahadi ne da za'ayi a cikin bazara lokacin da 5 ko 6 gaskiya ganye bayyana. Phosphorus replenishment a matakin budding ana yaba shi sosai, an ɗora kashi ana cinye shi cikin shiri domin samuwar furanni.
A cikin samuwar buds kuma a ko'ina cikin fure, kayan da ke dauke da sinadarai na da amfani. Yana taimaka tafiyar matakai na rayuwa da samuwar carbohydrates. Idan an gabatar da wani abu, juriya ga cututtukan, juriya na sanyi yana ƙaruwa. Rashin potassium, shine yake haifar da karancin abubuwan da ake ganowa a cikin jirgin.
Akai-akai na ciyarwa
Akwai matakai 4 na ciyar da abubuwan da ake buƙata. Ana aiwatar da takin ƙasa a cikin nau'in ruwa, wanda yafi tasiri fiye da watsar da shi a gadon filawa. Matsayin ci gaban al'adu yana ƙayyade yawan ciyarwa. Tsirrai suna ciyar da kowane ɗayan ci gaban tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki 5-7. Kafin da bayan ruwa ciyar da ruwa da tsire-tsire su hana konewa, inganta bayar da abubuwa alama ga asalinsu.
Matakan girma na fure, wanda ke tantance caji a cikin ƙasa:
- Samuwar asalin farkon ganye na gaskiya 2-3.
- Bayyanar ganye 6.
- Farkon samuwar peduncles.
- Lokaci mai gudana.
- Bayan fure don yayyafa da albasarta.
Suna ciyar da furanni a gonar kuma tsakanin manyan matakan ci gaba, recharge ya dogara da jihar gladiolus.
Babban matakan ciyarwa
Matsayi na girma yana shafar gabatarwar kwayoyin, ma'adanai. Don ci gaba mai kyau yayin dasa shuki, an ciyar da gladioli tare da nitrogen a filin.
Lokacin da aka girma, ana buƙatar phosphorus. Rashin sa yana shafar adadin furanni.
Phosphorus a cikin rayuwar shuka
Lokacin budding, ana buƙatar potassium, wanda ke inganta tsarin rigakafi na al'ada.
Mahimmanci! Gladiolus ya bambanta da sauran furanni na lambu ta hanyar tsarin shirin-mataki-don ciyarwa. Don al'ada, babban abinda yake shine hanyar da ta dace da kuma lokacin da aka tsayar.
Domin corms su tsiro, kuna buƙatar ƙara potassium da phosphorus.
Topping da kwararan fitila da dasa
Dama ingantacciyar dasa gladioli ya hada da zaɓi na wurin da ya dace, kazalika da shiri da albasarta don dasa shuki. Takin gargajiya na musamman a mataki na inganta inganta furanni daga cututtukan wasan motsa jiki, kunna germination da jikewa tare da abubuwa masu amfani.
Yin sarrafa corms kafin dasa shuki
Zai ɗauki 10 g na ruwa don 1 g na potassiumganganate, 20 g na nitrate da 10 g na boric acid. Na dabam, 20 g na jan karfe suna narkewa a cikin 1 lita na ruwa. Haɗa mafita. Ana zubar da tsutsa na rabin sa'a kafin dasa shuki.
Hankali! Ana cakuda cakuda cikin filastik ko akwati mai cike da mai.
Mayafin saman Foliar
Yana da mahimmanci mazauna bazara su san yadda ake ta da rushewar gladioli fiye da ciyar da furanni. Maimaita karatun Foliar ya dace. Don kakar, ana ciyar da tsire-tsire sau 3 akan ganye.
A cikin lokaci na budada, an fesa gladioli tare da potassiumgangan, sulfate jan karfe, boric acid ko cakuda cakuda abubuwan da aka gano.
Don ƙara yawan furanni da tsananin launi, a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Yuni, ana fesa tsire-tsire tare da abun da ke ciki, wanda zai buƙaci:
- potassium permanganate - 1.5 g;
- jan karfe na tagulla - 1.5 g;
- zinc sulfate - 0.3 g;
- magnesium sulfate - 1 g;
- boric acid - 1 g;
- cobalt nitrate - 0.1 g.
Abubuwan haɗin sun haɗu da ruwa na 10 l. A cikin shekaru goma na ƙarshe na Yuli, ana kula da furanni tare da wannan abun da ke ciki.
Foliar shuka abinci mai gina jiki
Ciyarwa ta uku foliar tana taimakawa wajen ɗaure ɗimbin yara. Ana yin rigakafin miya na Foliar ne kawai da yamma ko a ranar girgije.
Ciyarwa na farko
A cikin bazara, gladioli ciyar da farko:
- saltpeter - 35-40 g.;
- carbamide - 25-30 g;
- potassium sulfate - 20 g;
- superphosphate - 35 g;
- itace ash - 45-50 g.
Abubuwan da aka haɗa sune diluted a cikin 10 l na ruwa.
Yaushe zaka ciyar dashi
Ana yin caji na ƙarshe na gladioli tare da ranar farkon kaka. A farkon Satumba, suna share su kuma a lokaci guda ciyar da abun da ke ciki wanda aka shirya daga 5 g na potassium permanganate da lita 10 na ruwa, kuma ana ciyar da murabba'in plantings. Dakatar da hadarin gladiolus bayan Satumba 5th.
Yadda ake ruwa
Sauya zai zama da amfani lokacin da aka zaɓi abun da ke ciki, lokacin, da takin daidai. Shawarwarin gaya muku yadda ake amfani da ruwan sanyi da kyau don kyawawan furanni:
- amfani da abun da ke ciki na ruwa;
- ruwa sosai kafin da bayan sake caji;
- sassauta ƙasa, cire ciyawa;
- ciyar da tsirrai a maraice;
- ruwa tsakanin layuka, ba tushen ba.
Mahimmanci! Ruwan sama bayan hadi yana nufin wanke fitar da sake yin aikin.
Kwayoyin halitta don fure
Lambu suna sha'awar yadda ake ciyar da gladioli don yawan furanni. Tsarin takin gargajiya yana inganta tsarin ƙasa.
Mullein
Diluted mullein yana ciyar da furanni. An shirya jiko daga abincin saniya, diluted da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1:10. Gabatarwar mullein yana rage acidity na duniya, yana sa ya zama mai haske da haske.
Kayan tsirrai
Ana amfani da kayan aiki a bushe da nau'i na ruwa. Yana da tasiri mai kyau akan tsarin ƙasa. Replenishes potassium reserves, ba da izinin fure da sauri gina kore taro, taimaka wajen Bloom.
Mahimmanci! Saboda babban abun cikin nitrate, ana amfani da zuriyar dabbobi lokaci 1.
An yi amfani da taki na kaji a gwargwado na 1:15, nace kwanaki 3, ba da ruwa da hanyoyin.
Abincin doki
A kan guga na ruwa ciyar 1 kg na overripe da wuri, bar for nace na kwana daya. Mix a cikin rabin tare da ruwa.
Fertilizing tare da takin mai ma'adinai
Don tallafawa ci gaba da haɓaka gladiolus, wani bayani na superphosphate (30 g) da potassium sulfate (20 g) yana da amfani. Abubuwan da aka haɗa sun kasance diluted tare da 10 l na ruwa. Ofarar cakuda ya isa kowane yanki na gadaje.
Hadaddun takin don ƙarin hadi
Gabatarwar kayan shafawa zai kara lokacin fure mai cike da farin jini. A mataki na toho, an ciyar da gladioli tare da hadadden abubuwan da ke narkar da a cikin 10 na ruwa na ruwa:
- potassium sulfate - 15 g;
- carbamide - 15 g;
- superphosphate - 30 g.
Cire daga cikin abun da ke ciki na abincin nitrogen a nan gaba. An shirya cakuda don ƙarin ciyarwa ta amfani da superphosphate (30 g) da potassium sulfate (20 g) akan guga mai lita 10.
Cikakken takin ma'adinai a cikin kulawar fure
Suna yin amfani da shirye-shirye masu rikitarwa Fertika Lux da keken tashar motar ta Kemira bisa ga umarnin.
Da takin mai magani don gladioli lokacin dasa shuki a bazara da bazara
Saurin gladioli yana faruwa a tsakiyar Rasha a ƙarshen Afrilu da farkon shekarun goma na Mayu. A karo na farko, suna ciyar da fure lokacin da suke shirya ƙasa.
Kafin dasa shuki, a cikin makonni biyu, an rufe urea (20-30 g) ta hanyar tono a cikin murabba'in 1 na gadon filawa. Hakanan suna shigo da kwayoyin halitta (takin ko humus) lokacin dasa.
Ana yin babban caji lokacin da ganyayyaki 2-3 suka bayyana, lokacin da gladiolus ke buƙatar nitrogen. Ruwa da tsirrai a ƙarƙashin tushe tare da bayani (3 tbsp. L. Nitrate da 10 l na ruwa).
Suna ciyar da fure a lokacin fure akalla sau 5. A lokacin rani, ƙarin abubuwan gina jiki akan ganye yana da tasiri ta amfani da:
- jan karfe na tagulla;
- potassium permanganate;
- magnesium
- boric acid;
- baƙin ƙarfe.
Babban bukatun al'adu a lokacin bazara shine salts na potassium. Abincin tsirrai don yawan fure shine tsari na potassium tare da phosphorus da nitrogen. Takin tsire-tsire a ƙarshen bazara bayan fure tare da potassium da superphosphate.
A bayanin kula. Lokacin amfani da superphosphate na biyu, ana zuba wakili tare da ruwan zãfi kuma ana tsammanin zai narke gaba ɗaya.
Sa'an nan, 200 g na mafita suna diluted a cikin 10 l na ruwa da ruwa da gladioli.
A watan Agusta-Satumba, sulfate na potassium ko kalimagnesia abu ne sananne don abinci mai gina jiki.
Yadda ake ciyarwa
Kan adam magunguna don ciyarwa
Lambu suna amfani da hanyoyin jama'a don ciyar da gladioli.
Ash
Yin amfani da ash yana samar da fure mai dumbin yawa da jikewa na ƙasa tare da phosphorus da potassium.
Kwasfa Banana
Dace kafin saukowa. Yaruityan itãcen ruwan 'ya'yan itace suna bushe a cikin tanda da yankakken. Kafin dasa, an ƙara albasa a ƙasa.
Ana amfani da tincture na banana kwasfa akan ruwa kafin fure kuma a mataki na budding. Fresh raw kayan suna zuba tare da ruwa kuma nace tsawon kwana 7. Matsalar babban adadin abin amfani ne, zaku tattara fatalwa na dogon lokaci.
Nettle
An bambanta shuka da abubuwan da ke tattare da sinadarin nitrogen, iron, potassium da sauƙi bitamin. Don shirya jiko, ciyawa cike a cikin tasa mai fili don 1/3 na ƙara. Zuba ruwa, bar zuwa ferment. Neman ma'ana yana ɗaukar mako guda, sannan a tsiyaye shi da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1:10. Gilashin ruwa ya isa ya yi fure 1.
Na ganye jiko don cin gaban gladioli
Haske. Dingara gurasar burodi zai hanzarta aiwatar da aikin.
Yadda zaka dafa da kanka
Idan kan shirya recharge kanka, lura da waɗannan buƙatun:
- Domin buds ya samar da jikewa daga furanni don haɓaka, ya zama dole don ciyar da tsire-tsire: 15 g na urea da potassium sulfate, 30 g na superphosphate ana ɗauka a kowace lita 10 na ruwa. Haɗe-haɗe an haɗu da ruwan tare, a bi da su tare da mafita.
- Cikakkun suturar da ke riƙe abubuwan da aka gano abubuwan da ke daidai sun dace da furanni. Kafin fure, ana ciyar da gladioli tare da potassium sulfate (20-25 g.) Da kuma superphosphate (25-30 g.). Abubuwan sun hada da abubuwan hade kuma an gabatar dasu cikin guga na ruwa 10.
- Ana amfani da kwayoyin halitta don takin ƙasa: mullein, droppings tsuntsu, taki doki. An zuba cakuda tare da lita 10 na ruwa kuma an bar don kwanaki 4-5 don jiko.
- Ana ƙara lita na mullein zuwa lita 10 na ruwa kuma ana shayar da gadon filawa tsakanin layuka.
Don samun sakamako na ado, ana buƙatar kayan miya na saman gladioli a lokacin girma. Kulawar da ta dace da taki na tsirrai zasu samar da kyakkyawan furanni a shekara mai zuwa.
