Gishiri mai laushi

Cututtuka na strawberries: rigakafi, alamu da magani

Tare da farkon lokacin rani, kowa da kowa yana sauraron girbi na strawberries. Duk da haka, strawberries suna yiwuwa ga yawancin cututtuka, kuma ana bukatar ɗaukar matakan kulawa a lokaci. In ba haka ba, akwai barazanar zama ba tare da dadi ba. Wannan labarin ya kwatanta cututtukan cututtuka na kowa, alamun su, jiyya da hanyoyin rigakafin da zasu taimake ku ku ceci strawberries kuma ku ji dadin dandano na Allah daga 'ya'yan itatuwa.

Spotting

Spotting shi ne mafi yawan na kowa cuta na strawberries. Yana shafar ba kawai ɓangaren ganye ba, amma yana haifar da asarar amfanin gona. Tare da ciwo mai yawa zai iya ɓace duk 'ya'yan itatuwa, kazalika da tsirrai da kansu. Rashin barazana ga lalacewar shuka ta hanyar wannan cuta ta ci gaba a duk lokacin girma. Kashewa ba ya tafi ta hanyar kanta, don kawar da shi, dole ne ka dauki matakan da ya dace. Ƙwayar ganye ta madaidaici ta haifar da naman gwari, Ya danganta da nau'inta, wadannan nau'in cututtuka sun bambanta:

  • farar fata;
  • launin ruwan kasa
  • launin ruwan kasa.
Sakamakon irin wannan cututtuka ya dogara ne akan irin hanyoyin da magani da rigakafi zasu dauka don karɓar amfanin gona da shuka.

Yana da muhimmanci! Idan kuma ba a horar da strawberries da ƙasa a ƙarƙashinsa ba, za ka iya rasa girbi ba kawai a wannan shekara ba, amma har shekara ta gaba: naman gwari za ta fara raya cigaba a gaba shekara, ta hana ci gaban da shuka sababbin seedlings.

White spot

Irin wannan cutar ta haifar da fungi na gwanin Mycosferellum da Ramularia. Fara farawa a farkon spring. Yana rinjayar ganye, peduncles, petioles, berries. Ana iya samun alamun fararen launi a farkon Mayu. Wadannan sun haɗa da:

  • da samuwa a kan fuskokin launin fata da launi mai duhu;
  • siffar spots ne mai zagaye ko maras kyau, suna haɗe tare da tsakiya na tsakiya;
  • A tsawon lokaci, spots ya fadi, kuma an kafa ramuka a wurin su, a ƙarƙashin yanayin ci gaban cutar, girmansu ya zama babba, ya zama manyan ramuka;
  • ganye da petioles mutu a kashe;
  • da berries suna stained da rot ko bushe.
Dalilin da ya haifar da kamuwa da cuta na strawberries tare da wannan cuta su ne:
  • kafin dasa shuki seedlings, albasa, tafarnuwa, ganye, karas, dankali, eggplants, cucumbers, tumatir, masara, seleri, wake, fyade, clover, da hatsi girma akan shafin;
  • lokacin saukowa;
  • ƙasa lalacewa ta hanyar rot ko kwari;
  • ba dace tsaftacewa na ganye bushe;
  • wanda ba a shuka shi ko marigayi gona a cikin bazara;
  • Amfani da shafin na tsawon lokaci.
A cikin hunturu, spores kasance a cikin saura na shuka. Naman gwari yana jure yanayin zafi da rashin yanayin zafi, ruwan sanyi da fari. A wurare masu yawa inda akwai haske sosai, matuka suna ci gaba da sauri. An sauya cutar zuwa ci gaban lafiya tare da taimakon iska, ruwan sama, kwari, ta cikin ƙasa.

Matakan sarrafawa da rigakafi:

  • tsaftace yanki daga ganyayyaki na bara a farkon lokacin bazara kuma ƙone su;
  • a cikin bazara don aiwatar da seedlings tare da Falcon, kuma a cikin fall tare da Ordan;
  • a game da dasa shuki sabon harbe, bayan yakin da fari, kawai lafiya ne, ana amfani da tsire-tsire;
  • shimfidar ƙyallen gashin-baki da seedlings don tabbatar da daidaito;
  • dace ya cire abin da ya ɓace, ya shafi ganye da seedlings;
  • cire berries bace;
  • Kada ku kwarara;
  • takin da potash taki;
  • Kada ku yi takin da kwayoyin halitta (taki, droppings).

Shin kuna sani? Ta hanyar maganin cututtuka don magance cututtuka na strawberry a cikin hanyar farin wuri yana nufin yaduwa da ganyayyaki na maganin maidine (50 ml aidin da lita 10 na ruwa).

Brown tabo

Maganin da ya fi dacewa da launin launin ruwan kasa shine naman gishiri mai suna Mersoninn. Tasowa a tsakiyar Yuli. Brown tabo rinjayar ganye na strawberries, wani lokacin mustaches da petioles. Kwayoyin da aka fara a cikin cutar an rufe su da manyan launi, kusurwa, maƙalai masu launin fata. Ƙananan spots juya launin ruwan kasa. A saman nau'i-nau'i da aka rarraba da ƙananan baki waɗanda suke jefa ƙuri'a. Yayin da cutar ta ci gaba, raunuka sun rasa launi, kuma ganye sun bushe. A kan petioles da whiskers, launin ruwan kasa ya nuna kanta a matsayin karami, dan kadan dotsan baki. Masu sufuri suna kwari, iska, raindrops.

Yana da muhimmanci! Lasalin strawberries bace a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. A ƙarshen lokaci, cutar tana da wuya a lura. Da alama ana shuka ne kawai don shirya lokacin hutawa: wuraren ɓoye sun ɓace, kuma ganye suna bushe. Duk da haka, a lokacin da matasan yarinya suka tsiro, ramin micelles suna samar da shi a wannan awa.

Ayyukan samar da sharuɗɗɗan sharaɗi don ci gaba da cutar:

  • lokacin saukowa;
  • matsananciyar watering;
  • ba da tsabtace tsabta daga shafin ba daga weeds.
Matakan sarrafawa da rigakafi:

  • a cikin fall, feshi da mãkirci tare da "Ordan";
  • spring tare da Falcon ko Ridomil don prophylaxis;
  • don dasa amfani kawai seedlings lafiya;
  • girma a shuka a babban gadaje;
  • yankakke lokaci da tsaftace yankin daga busassun fata da gashin-baki;
  • amfani da takin mai magani na potash;
  • magani tare da bayani na manganese (5 g da 10 l na ruwa).

Gilashi ko launin ruwan kasa

Yana shafar shuka a watan Yuli. Damages ganye, mustaches, petioles, berries. Yana kaiwa ga mutuwar ganye, bayan da tsire-tsire ba su yarda da hunturu ba, da yawa daga cikinsu suna daskare, kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa yana ci gaba a shekara ta gaba.

A farawar cutar, ana sanya launin rawaya a cikin ganyayyaki, wanda ya juya launin ruwan kasa. Duk da haka, ragowar launin rawaya ya kasance. Da ci gaba da cutar, ƙwayoyin suna karuwa kuma sun zama angular. Bayan ruwan sama, ƙwayar mucous mai haske na siffar naman gwari a kan farfajiyar. A petioles da whiskers, cutar ta nuna kansa kamar launin ruwan kasa, wanda ya juya zuwa cikin necrosis.

Hanyar gwagwarmayar da rigakafin:

  • a fall fall sama duk bushe da kamuwa da foliage;
  • tsari a lokacin kaka na shuka "Ordan";
  • a cikin bazara don rigakafin za'a iya yaduwa da "Ridomil", "Kvadrisom" "ko" Falcon ".

Mealy dew

Haka kuma cutar ta bayyana akan ganye da 'ya'yan itatuwa tare da fararen fata, wanda yayi kama da ƙwallon ƙafa. Mai wakilcin abu ne mai suna fungi, wanda ke dauke da iska ko tare da kamuwa da cutar.

Hanyar gwagwarmayar da rigakafin:

  • dasa shuki strawberries a wuraren da ke da kyau da kuma dafaɗa;
  • girma a shuka a babban gadaje;
  • Ruwan ruwan sanyi tare da Quadris (don prophylaxis);
  • a lokacin da gano alamun cutar bayan shan berries, ana shuka su da Fundazole.

Shin kuna sani? Fitaccen man shanu yana ba da dandano mai tsami da kayan ƙyama ga 'ya'yan itatuwa strawberry.

Rot

Rot yana magana ne game da cututtuka da cututtuka na strawberries na strawberries. Zai yi wuya a janye. A lokaci guda kuma, yana kaiwa ga mutuwar yawan amfanin gona. Cututtuka na iya halaka har zuwa 85% na 'ya'yan itatuwa.

Anthracnose rot

Yana rinjayar dukkanin ɓangaren strawberries. Alamun cutar sun hada da:

  • bayyanar launin toka mai launin toka a kan launi tare da iyakar m;
  • kalubalanci matakai masu launin toka da ƙura;
  • Wilting unripe 'ya'yan itace;
  • black rotting berries a kan berries;
  • bushewa.

Yana da muhimmanci! Yanayin da ya fi dacewa don ci gaban rot shine ƙasa mai yumɓu. Cire ruwan sama mai tsada sosai tare da ruwan sama mai yawa zai taimaka wajen kare shuka daga cutar.

Hanyar gwagwarmayar da rigakafin:

  • dasa shuki tsirrai lafiya;
  • girma strawberries a high gadaje;
  • idan har aka gano cutar, toshe tare da "Antracol" ko "Quadris".

Rhizoctoniosis (farfadowa mai duhu)

Magunguna suna ƙarƙashin wannan ciwo a duk lokacin girma. Da wannan cututtukan, an sanya spots a kan tushen shuka. A tsawon lokaci, tushen tsarin ya zama flabby da bushe. Da wannan cututtuka, yawan amfanin ƙasa yana ragewa sosai, seedlings ba su yi girma ba kuma kusan ba su haifar da gashin-baki, ƙwayoyin suna dauke da launin ruwan kasa. Bayan wani lokaci, in babu matakan da suka dace, injin ya mutu.

Mafi mai saukin kamuwa rhizoctoniosis shuke-shuke da girma:

  • a kan kasa kasa;
  • a cikin yankunan da kafin ya girma dankali, tumatir, masara;
  • a cikin yanayin lokacin da strawberries suka girma na dogon lokaci ba tare da canza wurare ba.
Hanyar gwagwarmayar da rigakafin:

  • canza wuri na shuka shuka (shuka a wuri daya ba a baya ba bayan shekaru 4);
  • ba abu mai kyau ba ne don takin da kwayoyin halitta;
  • don rigakafin a cikin fall fesa seedlings "Ordan".

Farin fari

Alamar bayyanar cututtuka na fari shine walƙiya daga cikin foliage tare da kara bushewa ko juyawa. A farin Bloom siffofin a kan ganye da berries. A tsawon lokaci, da berries fara rot. Ci gaba da cutar ta haifar da yaduwar yanayin sanyi da tsire-tsire.

Hanyar rigakafi da iko:

  • thinning na densely dasa seedlings;
  • girma a manyan gadaje;
  • lokacin da aka gano alamun rashin lafiya samar da kayan 'ya'yan itace strawberry "Dezoralom".

Gishiri mai laushi

Yana shafar dukan ɓangaren tsire-tsire. Ƙunƙarar launi suna fitowa a cikin ganyayyaki, ba su da cikakken bayani na iyakoki. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari an rufe shi da launin ruwan kasa, ya zama mai dadi, mai dadi da kuma m. Tare da ci gaba da cutar berries suna gaba daya rufe launin toka launin toka.

Abubuwan da ke haɗuwa da bayyanar launin toka suna ƙara yawan zafi da kuma yanayin zafi mai zurfi, damu da berries, da kuma girbi marasa kyau na berries. Yanayi mafi kyau shine yanayin sanyi mai sanyi da zafin canji. Naman gwari wanda yake haifar da bayyanar rot yana ciyarwa da hunturu a ƙasa kuma a kan ragowar strawberries.

Hanyar rigakafi da iko:

  • kaka tsaftacewa daga shafin daga kamuwa da ganye da 'ya'yan itatuwa;
  • bambaro ciyawa;
  • thinning;
  • spraying a farkon da kuma a tsakiyar flowering "Teldorom";
  • tsabtataccen lokacin tsabtatawa na 'ya'yan itatuwa masu fama, ganye, whiskers, weeds.

Shin kuna sani? Mafi mahimmancin rinjayar launin toka shine irin waɗannan: Zengana, Beauty, Cinderella, Fata.

Black rot

Wannan cuta tana rinjayar berries. Sun juya launin ruwan kasa, sun rasa wari da dandano, sun zama ruwa. A ci gaba da ci gaba da cutar ta rufe duhu.

Matakan sarrafawa da rigakafi:

  • girma strawberries a high gadaje;
  • aiki na kaka "Ordan";
  • don prophylaxis a cikin bazara lokacin da aka fesa tare da acid boric (10 g da 10 l na ruwa).

Yana da muhimmanci! Prophylactic kare strawberries daga cututtuka Dole ne a yi amfani da ruwan inganci a gaban flowering da bayan girbi. Idan akwai wajibi don yin matakan gaggawa - amfanin gona bayan an tattara kayan shawagi kuma a jefar da su. Tabbatar tabbatar da kanka da lokacin haɗari da ke nunawa ga poisons, wanda aka jera a kan kunshin.

Wilt

Wannan cuta tana faruwa sau da yawa. Ya faru da cutar na namomin kaza. A lokaci guda, bishiyoyi strawberry sun shuɗe da sauri. Ga maƙararra ma an lalace da tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire.

Windilatory wilting

Yana haifar da raguwar karuwar yawan amfanin ƙasa kuma yana haifar da tsinkayen cikar shuka. An kira aiki na m - nematode. Tare da yawan lalacewa a kan yashi ƙasa, strawberries bace a cikin mako guda. Idan ba kuyi aiki ba, duk tsire-tsire yana mutuwa kusan shekaru 2.

Alamun cutar sun hada da:

  • jinkirin girma na bushes;
  • rage yawan launi;
  • redness na petioles.
Hanyar gwagwarmayar da rigakafin:

  • ba tare da dasa shuki a wuraren da dankali ke ci gaba ba;
  • sau da yawa canza wurin dasa shuki strawberries;
  • yaki da nematodes.

Phytophthora za ku

Yana rinjayar duk sassan ƙasa na shuka, yana haifar da rage yawan amfanin ƙasa. Gyaman Brown ya bayyana a kan berries, sun zama masu jin daɗi ga dandano. Bayan wani lokaci da berries bushe. Buds da furanni a lokacin flowering suna rufe bishiyoyi marasa launin fata. Tsaran da petioles zama launin ruwan kasa. Bayan ruwan sama, duk sassan shuka suna rufe farin.

Hanyar magani da rigakafin:

  • kauce wa wuce gona da iri;
  • lokaci-lokaci canza wuri na strawberries;
  • kafin flowering fesa "Ridomil".

Fusarium za

Alamar farko ta cutar ta baƙantawa ne daga gefuna. Petioles sun zama launin ruwan kasa kuma sun lalace a tsawon lokaci. Ya shafa bushes sauka zuwa ga ƙasa. Berries juya launin ruwan kasa da shrink lokaci. Ƙwayar cuta ta ɓacewa gaba ɗaya bayan wata daya da rabi.

Hanyar magani da rigakafin:

  • cire kauyen shuke-shuke da ke cikin lokaci;
  • aiki na kaka "Ordan";
  • canjin lokaci na namo;
  • ban da dasa shuki na strawberries a wuraren da dankali, masara, da albasarta suka girma a gabanin.

Yana da muhimmanci! Lokacin da dasa shuki, yi amfani kawai da kayan lafiya. Dukkan nau'o'in cututtuka suna ɗauke tare da kamuwa da cutar.

Sabili da haka, hanyoyin da suka fi dacewa wajen sarrafa cututtuka na strawberry suna dacewa da share weeds, sassan shuke-shuke da aka kamu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, da kuma girma a cikin gadaje masu yawa, tsarkewa mai guba.